磷矿的超声分解—磷酸的超声萃取研究

磷酸是化学工业上一种重要的无机酸,通过它可以制成一系列重要的产品。例如,用于肥料生产可制得磷酸钙、重过磷酸钙、磷     

湿法磷酸中硫酸根含量的测定

据工业磷酸和食品级磷酸中的硫酸根含量可用目视比浊法的原理对湿法磷酸中的硫酸根含量进行了吸光光度比浊法的测定研究与分析。可得到目视比浊法不能得到的连续数据。与重量法相比无显著差异,反应后测定的不同地测定结果的影响不显著,ＲＳＤ小于２％,回收率大于９４％,可作湿法磷酸及其制品中硫酸根含量的一种快速,准确,简便的仪器分析方法。     

伯胺N1923氯仿萃取盐酸和磷酸振荡反应的量热法研究

萃取振荡反应;微量量热法;伯胺N1923氯仿萃取盐酸和磷酸振荡反应的量热法研究     

注入热焓法测定萃取磷酸中三氧化硫

以钡离子与硫酸根离子沉淀反应的热效应为基础，通过测定孤立体系中的温度变化，建立了测定萃取磷酸中三氧化硫的注入热焓法，该法在４．０－３２．０ｇ／Ｌ范围内可准确测定ＳＯ３的含量，相对标准偏差为１．８％；标准加入回收率为９８％－１０３％。     

湿法磷酸生产过程中控制稀土走向的研究

采用稀土含量0．55％REO磷矿为原料在间歇实验装置中进行二水物湿法磷酸模拟生产,研究了湿法磷酸生产中工艺条件及活性添加剂对磷矿中稀土走向的影响。研究结果表明：较低的体系温度、高的磷酸浓度及较大的液固比均有利于稀土在磷酸中的富集;控制合适的SO^2-4浓度有利于硫酸钙晶体的成长,可减少磷酸稀土的共晶和吸附作用,从而提高稀土的浸出率,在硫酸与磷矿的化学计量比为1.1时可形成易于洗涤和过滤的类球状聚晶;通过添加活性添加剂控制硫酸钙的结晶速度和结晶形貌,从而减少磷酸稀土和硫酸钙的共晶和吸附作用,以提高稀土在磷酸中的富集;添加不同活性添加剂,稀土在磷酸中的富集程度不同,其中以NS-2,NS-1及IA-1对稀土在磷酸中的富集影响尤著,稀土总浸出率可达75％以上。     

磷酸体系中微量稀土元素萃取回收技术研究

研究了从磷矿硫酸湿法制备磷酸过程中回收伴生稀土元素的萃取分离技术,首先进行了不同萃取剂的筛选,同时考察了萃取剂浓度、磷酸浓度、相比、反应温度、杂质元素等对稀土萃取率的影响.结果表明:在该体系下,P204(二(2-乙基己基)磷酸)单独萃取稀土的能力最强,而且较高的萃取剂浓度、较大相比及低的磷酸浓度有利于稀土的萃取,不同杂质对稀土萃取存在不同程度的影响;并对萃取反应机制进行了考察,得到P204在磷酸介质中萃取微量稀土的反应式,该萃取反应的焙变△H<0,为放热反应.     

茶叶中稀土元素的萃取分离-ICP-AES法测定

采用1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-5-吡唑酮(PMBP)苯溶液萃取分离-ICP-AES法同时测定茶叶中15种稀土元素,消除了基体的干扰,并对样品前处理方法、萃取分离条件进行了考查.方法回收率为: 92.3%～112%,相对标准偏差＜2.5%.在最佳工作条件下,测定了茶叶标准物质(GBW07605)中稀土元素,结果与标准值吻合.     

磷酸体系中微量稀土元素萃取动力学研究

采用新型恒界面池法进行了磷酸体系中用P204萃取La(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ)和Y(Ⅲ)的动力学研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、比界面积、磷酸浓度及萃取剂浓度等因素对萃取速率的影响.结果表明:磷酸体系中用P204萃取La(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ)和Y(Ⅲ)的表观活化能E_a分别为27.0,22.2和21.1 kJ·mol~(-1),在体相P204浓度大于在液一液界面饱和吸附时的最低浓度C_(min)时,其在界面已达到吸附饱和,反应的主通道由界面变为体相,在该体系下P204萃取La(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ)和Y(Ⅲ)反应为体相化学反应和扩散反应混合控制.     

湿法磷酸生产饲料级磷酸二氢钙的研究

磷酸二氢钙[Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O](MCP)是一种优良的高效性磷酸盐饲料添加剂。本文论述了利用价廉的湿法磷酸为原料生产低成本的饲料级磷酸二氢钙的研究。     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸萃取L-精氨酸

二(乙基己基)磷酸;二(2-乙基己基)磷酸萃取L-精氨酸     

二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸/正辛醇反胶束萃取L-辛弗林

利用二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸(P204)/正辛醇反胶束从枳实粗提物中萃取L-辛弗林。 研究了萃取机理和水相pH值、含水量W0、阳离子浓度、萃取时间以及P204浓度对L-辛弗林萃取率的影响。 通过原子力显微镜观察了P204/正辛醇反胶束;萃取L-辛弗林的最佳条件为：萃取原料液水相pH=6.5,含水量W0=15、P204浓度为0.08 mol/L,在此条件下萃取15 min,对L-辛弗林的单次萃取率为68.0%。 基于萃取率建立的数学模型可反映pH值、P204浓度与萃取率的关系,在一定pH值及P204浓度区间可预测萃取率的变化趋势。     

Study of vibrational spectra of polyaniline doped with sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid

Vibrational spectra of insulator emeraldine base (EB) form of polyaniline and electrical conductive sulfuric acid-and phosphoric acid-doped emeraldine salts (ES) were studied in the region of 4000-400 cm⁻¹ at ambient temperature by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Infrared transmittance spectra of EB and ES were investigated to understand the bonding behavior of different organic and inorganic groups present in the polymeric chains and their structural variations on protonation by sulfate or phosphate ion inclusion in the polymer salt network. These studies revealed the para-coupling of deformed disubstituted benzenoid (B) and quinoid (Q) rings with ends capped predominantly by (B4Q1) units. The deformation of B and Q rings was confirmed by the appearance of many weak bands, very weak bands, and satellite structures in strong transmittance peaks of polymeric chain-constituting groups. Protonation takes place at the nitrogen sites of Q rings and forms semiquinone radical ions in ES. The vibrational bands pertaining to B rings, Q rings, B4Q1 units, semiquinone segment, sulfate ions, and phosphate ions were observed and assigned from these measurements. The shift in peak position of some bands with gain or loss in intensity and appearance of some new bands were observed in sulfuric acid-and phosphoric acid-doped ES spectra. These variations are attributed to the formation of new structural groups in ES on protonation and a change in crystalline field by sulfate and phosphate ion doping for crosslinking the polymeric chains.     

湿法磷酸中钾、钠、钙、镁的原子吸收光谱法测定

在湿法磷酸生产过程中,为了对生产流程和产品质量进行控制,有必要对湿法磷酸中微量的钾、钠、钙、镁含量进行分析。用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定湿法磷酸中钾、钠、钙、镁受基体和背景以及溶液粘度的影响很大,特别是对钙含量的测定,干扰最严重[1]。为此本文提出用离子交换树脂分离     

立窑法利用中低品位磷矿石生产工业磷酸的研究

本文介绍了在一个特殊的立窑内,利用中低品位磷矿粉和辅料,并利用反应过程中磷元素自身氧化还原的化学热能,生产出市场紧俏的工业级磷酸,磷酸的收率可达90%以上.这是一种新的磷酸生产工艺路线和方法.试验取得了较满意的结果.     

Reversed phase partition chromatographic separation of antimony (III) with bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

A new method is proposed for the extractive Chromatographic separation of antimony. Antimony is extracted from 0.001–0.5M hydrochloric acid by a silica gel column coated with bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid stripped with 2–8M hydrochloric, nitric or sulphuric acid, and determined spectrophotometrically at 555 nm as its complex with phenylfluorone. Antimony can thus be separated from a large number of elements, including iron, manganese, copper and thallium. Arsenic, antimony, bismuth and tin can be sequentially separated.     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸对氨基酸的萃取平衡

二（２－乙基己基）磷酸对氨基酸的萃取平衡曹汉瑾,王德宝,刘沛妍,吴子生,严忠（东北师范大学化学系,长春,１３００２４）关键词氨基酸,二（２－乙基己基）磷酸,萃取平衡,分配比迄今为止,有关氨基酸溶剂萃取的文献报道还不多［１～３］．本实验以二（２－乙基己...     

Computational chemistry and molecular simulations of phosphoric acid

Quantum mechanics (QM) calculations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the condensed‐phase optimized molecular potentials for atomistic simulation studies (COMPASS) force field, and the atom‐centered density matrix propagation (ADMP) approach have been used to investigate properties of phosphoric acid (PA). QM using B3LYP/6‐31++G(d,p) density functional theory were used to calculate gas‐phase proton affinities and interaction energies of PA and its derivatives. Detailed single coordinate driving, followed by quadratic synchronous transit optimization was used to determine energy barriers for different proton transfer (PT) pathways. Determined energy barrier heights in ascending order are (unit: kJ/mol): H₃O⁺→H₃PO₄ (0); H₄P₂O₇→H₃PO₄ (2.61); H₃PO₄→H₂PO (5.31); H₄PO→H₃PO₄ (～7.33); H₃PO₄→H₄P₂O₇/H₃PO₄→H₃PO₄ (15.99); H₄P₂O₇→H₂O (28.61); H₃PO₄→H₂O (47.14). The COMPASS force field was used to study condensed‐phase properties of PA. Good agreement between experimental data and MD results including density, radial distribution functions, and self‐diffusion coefficient at different temperatures provides validation of the COMPASS force field for PA. Finally, preliminary ADMP studies on a cluster of three PA molecules shows that the ADMP approach can reasonably describe the PT and self‐dissociation processes in PA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011     

Extraction of amino acids with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid in the presence of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6

Extraction of amino acids from aqueous solutions into chloroform with di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phosphoric acid was studied. The extraction efficiency decreases in the sequence Trp>Phe>Leu>Arg>Lys>He>Ala>Gly. The addition of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 improves the efficiency and kinetics of extraction of most amino acids. The extraction degree depends on the concentration of the crown ether. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 952–955, May, 2000.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定磷酸中的金属元素

建立了一种用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定磷酸中金属元素的分析方法。实验结果表明：选择合适的样品前处理方式和优化的仪器操作条件,方法的检出限可达到0.0012 ug/g~0.0552ug/g、加标回收率达到95%~105%,满足实际样品分析要求。