湿法磷酸中硫酸根含量的测定

据工业磷酸和食品级磷酸中的硫酸根含量可用目视比浊法的原理对湿法磷酸中的硫酸根含量进行了吸光光度比浊法的测定研究与分析。可得到目视比浊法不能得到的连续数据。与重量法相比无显著差异,反应后测定的不同地测定结果的影响不显著,ＲＳＤ小于２％,回收率大于９４％,可作湿法磷酸及其制品中硫酸根含量的一种快速,准确,简便的仪器分析方法。     

湿法磷酸生产过程中控制稀土走向的研究

采用稀土含量0．55％REO磷矿为原料在间歇实验装置中进行二水物湿法磷酸模拟生产,研究了湿法磷酸生产中工艺条件及活性添加剂对磷矿中稀土走向的影响。研究结果表明：较低的体系温度、高的磷酸浓度及较大的液固比均有利于稀土在磷酸中的富集;控制合适的SO^2-4浓度有利于硫酸钙晶体的成长,可减少磷酸稀土的共晶和吸附作用,从而提高稀土的浸出率,在硫酸与磷矿的化学计量比为1.1时可形成易于洗涤和过滤的类球状聚晶;通过添加活性添加剂控制硫酸钙的结晶速度和结晶形貌,从而减少磷酸稀土和硫酸钙的共晶和吸附作用,以提高稀土在磷酸中的富集;添加不同活性添加剂,稀土在磷酸中的富集程度不同,其中以NS-2,NS-1及IA-1对稀土在磷酸中的富集影响尤著,稀土总浸出率可达75％以上。     

注入热焓法测定萃取磷酸中三氧化硫

以钡离子与硫酸根离子沉淀反应的热效应为基础，通过测定孤立体系中的温度变化，建立了测定萃取磷酸中三氧化硫的注入热焓法，该法在４．０－３２．０ｇ／Ｌ范围内可准确测定ＳＯ３的含量，相对标准偏差为１．８％；标准加入回收率为９８％－１０３％。     

磷酸体系中微量稀土元素萃取回收技术研究

研究了从磷矿硫酸湿法制备磷酸过程中回收伴生稀土元素的萃取分离技术,首先进行了不同萃取剂的筛选,同时考察了萃取剂浓度、磷酸浓度、相比、反应温度、杂质元素等对稀土萃取率的影响.结果表明:在该体系下,P204(二(2-乙基己基)磷酸)单独萃取稀土的能力最强,而且较高的萃取剂浓度、较大相比及低的磷酸浓度有利于稀土的萃取,不同杂质对稀土萃取存在不同程度的影响;并对萃取反应机制进行了考察,得到P204在磷酸介质中萃取微量稀土的反应式,该萃取反应的焙变△H<0,为放热反应.     

磷酸体系中微量稀土元素萃取动力学研究

采用新型恒界面池法进行了磷酸体系中用P204萃取La(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ)和Y(Ⅲ)的动力学研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、比界面积、磷酸浓度及萃取剂浓度等因素对萃取速率的影响.结果表明:磷酸体系中用P204萃取La(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ)和Y(Ⅲ)的表观活化能E_a分别为27.0,22.2和21.1 kJ·mol~(-1),在体相P204浓度大于在液一液界面饱和吸附时的最低浓度C_(min)时,其在界面已达到吸附饱和,反应的主通道由界面变为体相,在该体系下P204萃取La(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ)和Y(Ⅲ)反应为体相化学反应和扩散反应混合控制.     

湿法磷酸生产饲料级磷酸二氢钙的研究

磷酸二氢钙[Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O](MCP)是一种优良的高效性磷酸盐饲料添加剂。本文论述了利用价廉的湿法磷酸为原料生产低成本的饲料级磷酸二氢钙的研究。     

伯胺N1923氯仿萃取盐酸和磷酸振荡反应的量热法研究

萃取振荡反应;微量量热法;伯胺N1923氯仿萃取盐酸和磷酸振荡反应的量热法研究     

中性萃取剂协同萃取研究

中图分类号:     

D2EHDTPA-TOA反协同萃取镉的速率方程

以恒界面池法研究了D2EHDTPA（二（2-乙基己基）二硫代磷酸）-TOA（三辛胺）反协同萃取镉的界面反应速率方程.萃取历程由若干个相转移（在本体相与界面相之间的物质转移）过程和若干个反应组成.萃取的速率方程为r=1.42*10^-7[Cd²⁺]^0.42[BHA]^0.47/[B]^0.85[H⁺]^0.21 （mol•m^-2•s^-1）探讨了萃取速率方程中非整数反应物级数的物理意义.Freundlich因子n越大,物质在界面层所受排斥力越大.萃取过程的表观活化能E=44.2 kJ•mol－1,萃取反应的焓变ΔH=72.9 kJ•mol－1.讨论了由不同的界面模型而导致不能通融的萃取动力学机理的问题.     

二烷基磷酸的结构与萃取稀土性能的研究

由于二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(P204)对稀土的萃取能力过强,对重稀土反萃取较困难,而改变二烷基磷酸类萃取剂的烷基结构有可能改善它对重稀土的反萃取性能。本研究考察了二(β-丁基辛基)磷酸(DDPA),二(β-己基癸基)磷酸(DHDPA-1),二(10-乙基十四烷基-7)磷酸(DHDPA-2)和二[β-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基),5,7,7-三甲基辛基]磷酸(DODPA)四种具有长碳链结构的萃取剂对稀土的萃取和反萃取性能,并与二(2-乙     

Study of vibrational spectra of polyaniline doped with sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid

Vibrational spectra of insulator emeraldine base (EB) form of polyaniline and electrical conductive sulfuric acid-and phosphoric acid-doped emeraldine salts (ES) were studied in the region of 4000-400 cm⁻¹ at ambient temperature by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Infrared transmittance spectra of EB and ES were investigated to understand the bonding behavior of different organic and inorganic groups present in the polymeric chains and their structural variations on protonation by sulfate or phosphate ion inclusion in the polymer salt network. These studies revealed the para-coupling of deformed disubstituted benzenoid (B) and quinoid (Q) rings with ends capped predominantly by (B4Q1) units. The deformation of B and Q rings was confirmed by the appearance of many weak bands, very weak bands, and satellite structures in strong transmittance peaks of polymeric chain-constituting groups. Protonation takes place at the nitrogen sites of Q rings and forms semiquinone radical ions in ES. The vibrational bands pertaining to B rings, Q rings, B4Q1 units, semiquinone segment, sulfate ions, and phosphate ions were observed and assigned from these measurements. The shift in peak position of some bands with gain or loss in intensity and appearance of some new bands were observed in sulfuric acid-and phosphoric acid-doped ES spectra. These variations are attributed to the formation of new structural groups in ES on protonation and a change in crystalline field by sulfate and phosphate ion doping for crosslinking the polymeric chains.     

湿法磷酸中钾、钠、钙、镁的原子吸收光谱法测定

在湿法磷酸生产过程中,为了对生产流程和产品质量进行控制,有必要对湿法磷酸中微量的钾、钠、钙、镁含量进行分析。用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定湿法磷酸中钾、钠、钙、镁受基体和背景以及溶液粘度的影响很大,特别是对钙含量的测定,干扰最严重[1]。为此本文提出用离子交换树脂分离     

立窑法利用中低品位磷矿石生产工业磷酸的研究

本文介绍了在一个特殊的立窑内,利用中低品位磷矿粉和辅料,并利用反应过程中磷元素自身氧化还原的化学热能,生产出市场紧俏的工业级磷酸,磷酸的收率可达90%以上.这是一种新的磷酸生产工艺路线和方法.试验取得了较满意的结果.     

Reversed phase partition chromatographic separation of antimony (III) with bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

A new method is proposed for the extractive Chromatographic separation of antimony. Antimony is extracted from 0.001–0.5M hydrochloric acid by a silica gel column coated with bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid stripped with 2–8M hydrochloric, nitric or sulphuric acid, and determined spectrophotometrically at 555 nm as its complex with phenylfluorone. Antimony can thus be separated from a large number of elements, including iron, manganese, copper and thallium. Arsenic, antimony, bismuth and tin can be sequentially separated.     

Extraction of amino acids with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid in the presence of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6

Extraction of amino acids from aqueous solutions into chloroform with di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phosphoric acid was studied. The extraction efficiency decreases in the sequence Trp>Phe>Leu>Arg>Lys>He>Ala>Gly. The addition of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 improves the efficiency and kinetics of extraction of most amino acids. The extraction degree depends on the concentration of the crown ether. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 952–955, May, 2000.     

Aqueous phosphoric acid as a mild reagent for deprotection of the t-butoxycarbonyl group

Aqueous phosphoric acid (85 wt%) is an efficient and mild reagent for the deprotection of N-BOC groups. Acid sensitive functionalities including benzyl and methyl esters, TBDMS ether, CBZ and isopropylidene groups are compatible with the reaction conditions. The reactions are high yielding, and the workup is convenient.     

Investigation of molecular interactions in the complex formation of tartaric acid derivatives with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

The molecular interactions in the complex formation of two tartaric acid derivatives with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid are investigated. The complex formation with a 1:1 stoichiometry between tartaric acid derivatives and D2EHPA can be obtained through UV-Vis titration, NMR chemical shifts and molecular dynamic simulations. Furthermore, the differences of the two complexes on the binding constants and strength of hydrogen bonds can also be determined. Such research will ideally provide insight into ways of regulating the complex forming properties of tartaric acid derivatives for composing or syn- thesizing new chiral resolving agents.     

Extraction of actinium with di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid from hydrochloric and nitric acid solutions

The extraction of actinium with HDEHP from Cl^– and NO ₃ ^– systems has been investigated. It was found that extraction of actinium from HCl solutions is much better than from HNO₃ solutions. Stability constants of the actinium complexes Ac(X^–)²⁺, X^–=Cl^– or NO ₃ ^– , were determined. Our results show that actinium formed less stable complexes with Cl^– than with NO ₃ ^– ligands.     

The effect of diluents on extraction of copper(II) with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid

The liquid–liquid extraction of copper(II) from sulfate medium with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA, HL) at 25°C is studied with the following parameters: pH, concentration of the extractant, and the nature of diluent. The effect of the diluent using polar and nonpolar solvents in the extraction of copper(II) is discussed. The extracted copper(II) species were CuL₂ in 1-octanol and methyl isobutyl ketone and CuL₂ · 2HL in toluene, carbon tetrachloride, and cyclohexane. The extraction constants are evaluated for different diluents.     

Asymmetric synthesis of novel spirocycles via a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed desymmetrization

A straightforward method for the asymmetric preparation of novel lactone and lactam spirocycles is described. An initial desymmetrization via a chiral Brønsted acid yields enantioenriched lactones which readily undergo a second cyclization to give the desired spirocycle.