SnNi-deposited carbonaceous mesophase spherule as anode material for lithium ion batteries

Carbonaceous mesophase spherule (CMS) is a commercial anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. A composite anode material of SnNi deposited carbonaceous mesophase spherule was prepared by co-precipitation method. The structural and electrochemical characterization of the SnNi/CMS composite anode material was studied. According to the measurement of its electrochemical characterization, the prepared SnNi/CMS composite anode material shows much better electrochemical performance than CMS. The first discharge capacity of 360 mA h g⁻¹ was obtained for the SnNi/CMS composite anode material, and its discharge capacity maintained at 320–340 mA h g⁻¹ in the following cycles. It indicates that the modification of CMS with SnNi alloy can further improve the intercalation performance of CMS. SnNi/CMS composite material shows a good candidate anode material for the commercial rechargeable lithium batteries.     

All boron-based 2D material as anode material in Li-ion batteries

To design the high-energy-density Li-ion batteries, the anode materials with high specific capacity have attracted much attention. In this work, we adopt the first principles calculations to investigate the possibility of a new two dimensional boron material, named BG, as anode material for Li-ion batteries. The calculated results show that the maximum theoretical specific capacity of B_G is 1653 m Ah g~(-1)(LiB1.5).Additionally, the energy barriers of Li ion and Li vacancy diffusion are 330 meV and 110 meV, respectively, which imply fast charge and discharge ability for BGas an anode material. The theoretical findings reported in this work suggest that BGis a potential candidate as anode material of high-energy-density Li-ion batteries.     

A novel Mo-based oxide β-SnMoO_4 as anode for lithium ion battery

Recently,the development of new electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has received intensive attention.As an important family of inorganic materials,mixed Mo-based transition metal oxides system is focused as anode materials.In the present work,a simple route has been adopted for the synthesis of layered-flake-likeβ-SnMo04 Nano-assemblies,which have been explored as potential anode materials for the first time in lithium-ion battery(LIB).Overall,the current reports on metal molybdate as anode materials are still rarely.As the anode material for LIBs,it was observed that the fabricated anode is capable of delivering a steady state capacity of almost 400 mAh/g up to 300 cycles under the influence of200 mA/g current density.Further,the anode material is suitable for use as a rated capacity anode because of its high current density tolerance.The present study can be further extended for the generation of a wide variety of other novel materials for multidisciplinary energy related applications.     

Niobium oxyphosphate nanosheet assembled two-dimensional anode material for enhanced lithium storage

The development of high-capacity and high-rate anodes has become an attractive endeavor for achieving high energy and power densities in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Herein,a new-type anode material of reduced graphene oxide(rGO) supported niobium oxyphosphate(NbOPO_4) nanosheet assembled twodimensional composite material(NbOPO_4/rGO) is firstly fabricated and presented as a promising highperformance LIB anode material.In-depth electrochemical analyses and in/ex situ characterizations reveal that the intercalation-conversion reaction takes place during the first discharge process,followed by the reversible redox process between amorphous NbPO_4 and Nb which contributes to the reversible capacity in the subsequent cycles.Meanwhile,the lithiation-generated Li3 PO_4,behaving as a good lithium ion conductor,facilitates ion transport.The rGO support further regulates the structural and electron/ion transfer properties of NbOPO_4/rGO composite compared to neat NbOPO_4, resulting in greatly enhanced electrochemical performances.As a result,NbOPO_4/rGO as a new-type LIB anode material achieves a high capacity of 502.5 mAh g^-1 after 800 cycles and outstanding rate capability of 308.4 mAh g^-1 at 8 A g^-1.This work paves the way for the deep understanding and exploration of phosphate-ba sed high-efficiency anode materials for LIBs.     

High Rate Performance of Aqueous Magnesium-iron-ion Batteries Based on Fe_2O_3@GH as the Anode

Aqueous Mg-ion batteries (MIBs) are safe,non-toxic and low-cost.Magnesium has a high theoretical specific capacity with its ion radius close to that of lithium.Therefore,aqueous magnesium ion batteries have great research advantages in green energy.To acquire the best electrode materials for aqueous magnesium ion batteries,it is necessary for the structural design in material.Fe_2O_3 is an anode material commonly used in Li-ion battery.However,the nano-cube Fe_2O_3 combined with graphene hydrogels (GH) can be successfully prepared and employed as an anode,which is seldom researched in the aqueous batteries system.The Fe_2O_3/GH is used as anode in the dual Mg SO_4+Fe SO_4 aqueous electrolyte,avoiding the irreversible deintercalation of magnesium ions.In addition,the Fe element in anode material can form the Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)and Fe~(2+)/Fe~(3+)redox pairs in the Mg SO_4+Fe SO_4 electrolyte.Thus,the reversible insertion/(de)insertion of magnesium and iron ions into/from the host anode material can be simultaneously achieved.After the initial charge,the anodic structure is changed to be more stable,avoiding the formation of Mg O.The Fe_2O_3/GH demonstrates high rate properties and reversible capacities of 198,151,121,80,75 and 27 m Ah g~(-1) at 50,100,200,300,500 and1000 m A g~(-1) correspondingly.     

水系锌离子二次电池锌负极的研究进展

锌离子二次电池具有优异的充放电性能、高功率密度和能量密度、低成本、高安全性和环境友好的特点,极具发展前景。金属锌,因优异的导电性、低的平衡电势、高的理论比容量和低成本等因素,是水系二次电池中理想的负极材料,然而也存在着枝晶生长、腐蚀和钝化等问题,限制了锌离子二次电池的可逆容量和循环寿命,通过优化调节锌负极的形貌与表面修饰等方法可以提高电池性能。本文综述了水系锌离子二次电池负极材料的研究进展,涵盖了金属锌负极、复合锌负极和锌合金,且展望了锌负极的发展前景。     

Intercalation of multiply solvated hexafluorophospate anion into graphite electrode from mixtures of methyl acetate,ethyl methyl and ethylene carbonates

Graphite is a universal host material for ion intercalation.Li+-graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) have been successfully utilized as the anode material in...     

Bismuth Nanoparticles Anchored on Ti3C2Tx MXene Nanosheets for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries are promising energy-storage systems, but they are facing huge challenges for developing fast-charging anode materials. Bismuth (Bi)-based anode materials are considered as candidates for fast-charging anodes of sodium-ion batteries due to their excellent rate performance. Herein, we designed a two-dimensional Bi/MXene anode material based on a hydrogen thermal reduction strategy. Benefitting from microstructure advantages, Bi/MXene anodes exhibited an excellent rate capability and superior cycle performance in Na//Bi/MXene half-batteries and Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C//Bi/MXene full-batteries. Moreover, full-batteries can complete a charge/discharge cycle in 7 min and maintain an excellent cycle life (over 7000 cycles). The electrochemical test results showed that Bi/MXene is a promising anode material with fast charge/discharge capability for sodium-ion batteries.     

基于不同前驱体制备的硬碳负极材料的储锂性能

以聚丙烯腈、石油沥青和花生壳为前驱体,在1200℃下碳化制备三种不同的硬碳材料.通过扫描电子显微、X射线衍射、氮气吸附/脱附测试和拉曼光谱等方法探究不同前驱体所制备的硬碳材料的表面形貌和物相结构.通过恒流充放电测试考察了这三种硬碳负极材料的电化学性能.结果表明,花生壳基硬碳的初始放电比容量最高,但首圈库仑效率最低,石油...     

Morphology and electrochemical properties of a composite produced by a peroxide method on the basis of tin dioxide and carbon black

Using peroxostannate as a precursor, a composite material based on tin dioxide and carbon black was obtained, in which tin dioxide forms a coating on the surface of carbon black nanoparticles. The synthesized material was characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis, and also the electrochemical characteristics of this material as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries were studied. The material demonstrates good stability and rate performance, which is indicative of the efficiency of the peroxide method for producing promising inexpensive anode materials based on tin dioxide and carbon black.     

Preparation and characterization of anode materials using expanded graphite/pitch composite for high-power Li-ion secondary batteries

Expanded graphite was prepared by the intercalation of natural graphite using ammonium peroxodisulfate as an oxidizing agent and a high purity of sulfuric acid as an intercalate. The amounts of oxidizing agent and intercalate were changed to determine the preparation conditions of expanded graphite as the anode material for high-power Li-ion batteries. The expanded graphite was tested as the anode material and further composited with the different amounts of petroleum pitch to improve the electrochemical properties. Although the expanded graphite anode showed the improved electrochemical properties such as initial reversible capacities of around 400 mAh/g and a charge capacity at 5 C-rate of 83 mAh/g as compared with those for the natural graphite anode of 378 and 19.4 mAh/g, respectively, it still had some weak points for a high-power anode material such as low initial efficiency and potential plateaus with the stage characteristic. The anode composites with high performance could be obtained by compositing the expanded graphite and the petroleum pitch at the ratio of 1:2, showing an improved initial efficiency of 78 % and decreased potential plateaus with 389 mAh/g of the initial reversible capacity.     

Electrochemical Performance Studies of Tin Oxide Prepared by Sol-Gel

IntroductionSince the introduction of commercial lithium-ion batteries for the portable devices in the 1 990′s,the search for new anode materials with improvedenergy density and cycle- ability has never beenstopped[1— 5] .Graphite used as the early commercialanode material for lithium- ion batteries over otherkinds of materials in terms of its flat intercalationpotential and high cycle- ability[6,7] can′t keep pacewith the demand today because of its low capacity.In resentyears,the greateff…     

Electrochemical Production of Si without Generation of CO2 Based on the Use of a Dimensionally Stable Anode in Molten CaCl2

The current Si production process is based on the high‐temperature (1700 °C) reduction of SiO₂ with carbon that produces large amounts of CO₂. We report an alternative low‐temperature (850 °C) process based on the reduction of SiO₂ in molten CaCl₂ that does not produce CO₂. It utilizes an anode material (Ti₄O₇) capable of sustained oxygen evolution. Two types of this anode material, dense Ti₄O₇ and porous Ti₄O₇, were tested. The dense anode showed a better performance. The anode stability is attributed to the formation of a protective TiO₂ layer on its surface. In situ periodic current reversal and ex situ H₂ reduction could be used for extending the lifetime of the anodes. The findings show that this material can be applied as a recyclable anode in molten CaCl₂. Si wires, films, and particles were deposited with this anode under different cathodic current densities. The prepared Si film exhibited ≈30–40 % of the photocurrent response of a commercial p‐type Si wafer, indicating potential use in photovoltaic cells.     

Amide-Functionalized Porous Carbonaceous Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Porous carbonaceous anode materials have received considerable attention as an alternative anode material, however, there is a critical bottleneck as it suffers from a large irreversible specific capacity loss over several initial cycles owing to undesired surface reactions. In order to suppress undesired surface reactions of porous carbonaceous anode material, here, we suggest a simple and convenient two-step surface modification approach that allows the embedding of an amide functional group on the surface of a porous carbonaceous anode, which effectively improves the surface stability. In this approach, the porous carbonaceous anode material is firstly activated by means of strong acid treatment comprising a combination of H₂SO₄ and HNO₃, and it is subjected to further modification by means of an amide coupling reaction. Our additional systematic analyses confirm that the acid functional group effectively transforms into the amide functional group. The resulting amide-functionalized porous carbon exhibits an improved electrochemical performance: the initial discharge specific capacity is greatly reduced to less than 2,620 mA h g⁻¹ and charge specific capacity is well still remained, indicating stabling cycling performance of the cell.     

硅及硅基负极材料的研究进展

硅（Si）具有极高的理论容量、 较低的电压平台和丰富的自然资源, 有成为下一代高能量密度锂离子电池负极材料的潜力. 但Si不同于石墨, 其固有电导率低, 循环过程中体积变化巨大, 不宜直接作为负极材料. 因此出现了许多从维度结构、 复合材料、 黏结剂和电解质等方面改善或适配Si基负极材料的改性方案, 以使其满足商业化的要求. 本文综合评述了近年Si基负极材料的研究进展, 总结了不同方面的设计要素, 介绍了代表性材料的性能表现, 最后, 对目前Si基材料面临的问题进行了简要分析, 并展望了其作为锂离子电池负极的研究前景.     

The study on microstructure and electrochemical properties of Al�CMg�CSn�CGa�CPb alloy anode material for Al/AgO battery

The microstructure of Al?CMg?CSn?CGa?CPb quinary aluminum alloy anode material and the influences of its electrochemical properties and self-corrosion rate in 4?mol/l NaOH +10?g/l Na₂SnO₃ medium were studied. The microstructure and morphology were characterized by metallographic microscope, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties were tested by electrochemical workstation, and the self-corrosion rate of Al alloy anode was studied by methods of recovery H₂ gas by discharge water. The results show that homogenization has not much impact on the electrochemical properties and the corrosion rate of the cast aluminum alloy anode material; besides, return annealing treatment of the cold-rolled Al?CMg?CSn?CGa?CPb quinary aluminum alloy anode material can reduce the rate of self-corrosion and make Al anodic potential shift negative steadily and improve the properties of the material.     

Recent progress on Ge oxide anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

正1 Introduction As environmental pollution continues to worsen,governments are increasing their efforts to develop green transport vehicles,such as electric vehicles and hybrid cars.Efficient energy storage and conversion systems are urgently needed     

Aqueous supercapacitors of high energy density based on MoO3 nanoplates as anode material

MoO(3) nanoplates were prepared as anode material for aqueous supercapacitors. They can deliver a high energy density of 45 W h kg(-1) at 450 W kg(-1) and even maintain 29 W h kg(-1) at 2 kW kg(-1) in 0.5 M Li(2)SO(4) aqueous electrolyte. These results present a new direction to explore non-carbon anode materials.     

The study on microstructure and electrochemical properties of Al–Mg–Sn–Ga–Pb alloy anode material for Al/AgO battery

The microstructure of Al–Mg–Sn–Ga–Pb quinary aluminum alloy anode material and the influences of its electrochemical properties and self-corrosion rate in 4 mol/l NaOH +10 g/l Na₂SnO₃ medium were studied. The microstructure and morphology were characterized by metallographic microscope, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties were tested by electrochemical workstation, and the self-corrosion rate of Al alloy anode was studied by methods of recovery H₂ gas by discharge water. The results show that homogenization has not much impact on the electrochemical properties and the corrosion rate of the cast aluminum alloy anode material; besides, return annealing treatment of the cold-rolled Al–Mg–Sn–Ga–Pb quinary aluminum alloy anode material can reduce the rate of self-corrosion and make Al anodic potential shift negative steadily and improve the properties of the material.

     

Fabrication of Ti-doped SnO2/RGO composites as anode materials with high stability for lithium-ion batteries

Research on Chemical Intermediates - The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries are affected by the anode materials. SnO2 is an important anode material due to its high theoretical...