Photonic analog-to-digital conversion using multiple comparators and Mach-Zehnder modulators with identical half-wave voltages

A novel photonic analog-to-digital conversion scheme using Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) with identical half-wave voltages and multiple comparators with improved bit resolution is proposed and demonstrated. Compared with the scheme using MZMs with geometrically scaled half-wave voltages, the proposed scheme has the advantage of using MZMs with identical half-wave voltages which simplify significantly the implementation. The bit resolution is improved based on the use of multiple comparators in each MZM channel, with the digital coding realized based on the symmetrical number system theory. A proof-of-concept experiment is implemented. An analog-to-digital converter with a 4-bit resolution using two MZMs and nine comparators is demonstrated.     

基于矢量叠加实现差分编码的光子模数转换方案

提出并验证了一种基于矢量叠加原理对输入射频信号进行差分编码的光子模数转换方案.该方案采用两路不同波长脉冲源通过一个相位调制器对输入射频信号进行调制,调制输出接入延时线干涉仪从而产生两路具有固定相位差的差分调制信号.利用矢量叠加模块对两路差分调制信号的强度进行不同程度的衰减和组合,从而获得系统量化所需的各路传递函数之间的相移量.该方案能够对输入射频信号实现差分编码,有效提高了系统的比特精度.同时该方案结构简单,只需要一个相位调制器,一个延时线干涉仪和一个矢量叠加模块即可构建.另外,各路传递函数之间的相移量是通过衰减两路差分调制信号的强度来实现,避免了传统光子模数转换方案中调制器对温度、环境敏感而引入的相位漂移问题.本文对4比特模数转换系统进行了原理性验证,实验结果证实了基于矢量叠加原理的光子模数转换方案的可行性.     

基于光子间隙随机分布的真随机数源

提出了利用模数转换器提高真随机数源速率的方案, 该方案基于衰减脉冲激光光子间隙随机分布, 可使随机数的产生速率提高十几倍.实验中将时间幅度转换仪与16位模数转换器相结合, 产生的各比特位随机数序列顺利通过了国际通用的随机数检测程序统计测试标准, 该方案实验装置简单, 增强了系统的抗干扰能力. 关键词： 衰减式单光子源 模数转换 延时符合 随机数检测     

All-optical analog-to-digital conversion system with a spatial coding method using designed filter

We propose and demonstrate an all-optical analog-to-digital conversion system with a spatial coding method using a designed filter. To make available codes more flexible, the design technique for a computer-generated hologram is introduced to our spatial coding scheme. By designing the spatial coding filter appropriately, this coding scheme enables us to output various digital signals as spatial patterns. By combining this coding method with the optical quantization method using soliton self-frequency shifting in a fiber, the proposed system converts analog sampled signals into arbitrary digital signals. Preliminary experimental results show that 3-bit Gray codes are successfully output as spatial patterns using the designed spatial coding filter.     

Novel 160-GHz wavelength converter based on a SOA and a long period grating

The proposed converter is based on cross-phase modulation (XPM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The predominantly phase-encoded signal at the SOA output is converted to a purely amplitude-modulated signal using a long period grating. First, we design the converter in terms of power conversion efficiency and pulse pedestal suppression. Subsequent analysis for the delayed-interference signal-wavelength converter (DISC) revealed that our device offers 5 dB higher power conversion efficiency and gives shorter pulses at the converter output. In the proof-of-principle experiment, good agreement with the theoretical predictions is obtained.     

基于双面金属包覆光波导的传感器温度特性研究及实验验证

双面金属包覆波导结构(SMCW)是由一层介质波导层被两层金属膜层上下包覆的一种新型波导结构; 本文基于金属层和介质层材料的热-光效应和热膨胀作用, 研究了双面金属包覆波导结构的温度特性. 计算分析的结果表明, 金属膜层的厚度、金属的介电系数、波导层的厚度及其介电常数几乎都与温度变化成比例, 同时, 对双面金属包覆波导结构的波导功能起主要影响的是介质层的厚度值随温度的变化. 本文分别在光谱模式和角度模式下研究双面金属包覆波导结构的反射特性, 并将其应用于基于双面金属包覆波导结构的传感器, 其灵敏度约为21.89 pm/K(光谱模式)和1.449×10^-3 rad/K(角度模式). 最后, 本文对角度模式的模拟分析进行了实验验证, 实验验证结果与模拟分析结果基本一致, 实验所用SMCW样品的平均灵敏度约为0.517×10^-3 rad/K, 与模拟分析的灵敏度结果同一量级. 双面金属包覆波导结构的传感器对温度非常敏感, 且该结构的物理构造简单, 成本低, 具有非常大的潜在应用价值.     

Photonic generation of 60 GHz-band vector signals for RoF systems based on optical vector signal down-conversion

A novel photonic method of 60 GHz-band vector signal generation for RoF systems based on optical vector signal down-conversion is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in this paper. In the proposed method, the target vector signals are first generated in the optical domain with the help of mature commercial optical devices and then directly distributed to the base stations (BSs) through the fiber link. The generated vector signals can be automatically down-converted to the 60 GHz band in the BSs after O/E conversion, and then directly transmitted to the users without any further processing. With the proposed method, higher spectrum efficiency and system capacity will be obtained compared with the traditional OOK RoF systems while almost no extra system complexity and cost is brought in. According to the characteristics of different types of vector signals, two particular modulation schemes are provided, which are then verified by corresponding simulations and experiments. In the experimental 60 GHz RoF system, the 622 MSym/s 60 GHz-band 8-QAM and 4-QAM signals generated with two different schemes respectively are successfully transmitted over 50 km SMF and 5 m wireless channel without any compensation, and the power penalty are both about 1.7 dB at the BER of 10^− 9.     

一种基于混沌系统的新型图像加密算法

针对加密算法对明文敏感性较低的问题,提出了一种基于混沌系统的新型图像加密算法。采用SHA256函数对明文图像进行计算得到初值,将初值代入混沌系统生成伪随机序列,进一步使用该序列完成对明文图像的置乱。使用并行扩散机制对置乱图像进行第一轮扩散,在此基础上利用DNA动态编码技术进行第二轮扩散。对DNA矩阵解码得到二进制矩阵,进一步转化为十进制矩阵,得到加密图像。进行了计算机仿真分析和对比,通过对统计特性、差分特性、信息熵、密钥和鲁棒性的分析与测试,表明该算法安全性较好且易于实现,具有较大的应用前景。     

基于横向磁光效应磁化等离子体光子晶体的光子带隙特性

通过外加与电磁波传播方向垂直的磁场来调控等离子体光子晶体的光子带隙结构。采用时域有限差分方法数值分析了由本征层为等离子体层和其他电介质材料层交替堆叠而成的磁化等离子体光子晶体的光子带隙结构和频谱特性。数值结果表明,光子晶体中等离子体的介电常数随着外磁场大小的变化而改变,从而使磁化等离子体光子晶体的带隙特性在一定的频率范围相应地得到调节。     

A robust algorithm for high-resolution dynamic MRI based on the partially separable functions model

A recently developed partially separable functions (PSF) model can be used to generate high-resolution dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, this method could not robustly reconstruct high-quality MR images because the estimation of the PSF parameters is often interfered by the noise of the sampled MR data. To improve the robustness of MRI reconstruction using the PSF model, we proposed a new algorithm to estimate the PSF parameters by jointly using robust principal component analysis and modified truncated singular value decomposition regularization methods, instead of using the least square fitting method in the original PSF model. The experiment results of in vivo cardiac MRI demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can robustly reconstruct dynamic MR images with higher signal-to-noise ratio and clearer anatomical structures in comparison with the previous PSF model.     

A weak signal detection method based on adaptive parameter-induced tri-stable stochastic resonance

Aiming at detecting the weak signal in a strong noise background, an enhanced weak signal detection method based on adaptive parameter-induced tri-stable stochastic resonance is proposed. Firstly, because the system can switch among the monostable, bistable and tri-stable state, the potential function characteristic of tri-stable systems is studied by analyzing the potential function curves with different system parameters. And the dynamic characteristics of system parameters on the depth of the potential well is analyzed. The ranges of R and the system parameters are determined, which is essential for ensuring the system is tri-stable state. Secondly, the range of R is used as the constraint condition and the average output signal-to-noise ratio is used as the fitness function of the adaptive algorithm. The system parameters a, b, c are optimized by the differential evolution particle swarm optimization (DEPSO) method to obtain the best output effect. Finally, the proposed adaptive parameter-induced tri-stable stochastic resonance method is adopted to detect the mixed multiple high-frequency weak signal. The detection results are compared with that of adaptive bistable stochastic resonance. At the meanwhile, the method is also applied to detect the fault signal of single crystal furnace. Both the simulation analysis and experiment results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the output signal-to-noise ratio and detect multi-frequency weak signal in the strong noise background.     

基于TMS320DM642的摄像机自动调焦系统的实现

调焦系统在各种光学测量及侦察设备中起着十分重要的作用。本文介绍了光学系统自动调焦的方法和图像法调焦的相关评价函数,利用TMS320DM642数字信号处理芯片为平台设计了图像法自动调焦系统。采用TI公司针对其开发的DSP芯片设计了实时多任务系统DSP／BIOS,完成了软件设计。该实时操作系统为实现调焦过程中任务的调度和实时调焦提供了保障。文中还提出了在实现调焦系统过程中需要注意的一些问题及解决方案。本文所设计的系统能在4～5步（大约2S内）找到像面,满足实际应用的需要。     

基于分数阶可停振动系统的周期未知微弱信号检测方法

本文建立了分数阶可停振动系统, 其可停振动状态的改变对周期策动力敏感, 对零均值随机微小扰动不敏感, 这事实上为周期未知微弱信号检测提供了一种新的高效检测方法和判别标准. 与现有的利用混沌系统的大尺度周期状态变化检测周期未知弱信号的方法 需逐一尝试设置不同频率内置信号以便期望与待检周期信号发生共振不同, 利用分数阶可停振动系统的可停振动状态变化检测周期未知微弱信号的方法, 除了同样具有因为状态变化对周期信号的敏感性而能够实现极低检测门限的特点外, 还具有混沌系统信号检测所不具有的优点: 1)无需预先估计待检信号的周期; 2)无需计算系统状态的临界阈值; 3)可停振动状态可由本文设计的指数波动函数可靠地进行判断; 4)通过系统微分阶数的变化, 将检测系统层次化, 从而可得到比整数阶检测系统更低的检测门限, 特别是在色噪声环境下, 通过选取合适的微分阶数, 基于分数阶可停振动系统的微弱周期信号检测法能够大幅度的降低检测门限, 在本文的仿真试验中, 检测门限可达-182 dB. 关键词： 分数阶非线性系统 Duffing振子 弱信号检测     

一种基于单水听器宽带信号自相关函数的水下目标定位稳健方法

在浅海波导中, 未知声源的本征声线相对到达时延估计是非常困难的. 声源位置在邻域内变化和声速剖面扰动对本征声线相对达到时延的影响是类似的. 基于这种思想, 提出了基于单水听器宽带信号自相关函数的水下目标定位稳健方法. 通过设计邻域位置约束, 构造加权函数, 将宽带信号自相关函数包含的交叉干扰峰值转化为能够改善目标定位性能的有用信息. 该方法不仅不需要估计本征声线的相对到达时延, 而且对搜索网格失配和环境参数失配具有相当的宽容性. 利用典型浅海环境下的仿真数据和海上实验数据(Shallow Water 2006 experiments)对所提出方法的有效性进行了验证.     

A new approach to detecting weak signal in strong noise based on chaos system control

In this paper, a chaos system and proportional differential control are both used to detect the frequency of an unknown signal. In traditional methods the useful signal is obtained through the Duffing equation or other chaotic oscillators. But these methods are too complex because of using a lot of chaos oscillators. In this paper a new method is presented that uses the R?ssler equation and proportional differential control to detect a weak signal frequency. Substituting the detected signal frequency into the R?ssler equation leads the R?ssler phase state to be considerably changed. The chaos state can be controlled through the proportional differential method. Through its phase diagram and spectrum analysis, the unknown frequency is obtained. The simulation results verify that the presented method is feasible and that the detection accuracy is higher than those of other methods.     

基于信噪比通道宽度的光电成像系统匹配方法的研究

将光电成像系统中的光学系统和探测器视为线性系统,应用匹配滤波和等效平方带宽理论,综合考虑了系统的信噪比和带宽,建立了基于信噪比通道宽度的系统性能评价模型。利用评价模型进行计算机仿真。根据仿真结果分析,得出了光学系统与探测器的匹配特性和最佳匹配条件。     

基于西门子Climatix控制器的液体除湿空调控制系统研制

论文主要是以液体除湿空调器为对象研制了一套控制系统,完成其相关的输入输出控制。在控制系统研制过程中充分考虑系统运行的稳定性以及实验操作的简便性,采用先进的人机交互式控制界面,用西门子Cli-matix控制器作为下位机进行现场控制,通过触摸屏输入信号,实现对实验的热源温度、风速、流量等进行精确的调节,还具有实验系统故障报警与诊断等功能。实验证明该系统很好地完成了液体除湿空调系统要求的控制任务。     

一种基于非衍射波的高帧率超声成像发射系统的研究

基于非衍射波的高帧率(high frame rate,HFR)超声成像的前提是发射阵列波(array beam)声场,但由于阵列波的正弦函数特征使对超声发射信号加权处理变得比较困难,导致了发射系统复杂.针对这一问题,本文提出一种有效的解决方案.基于傅里叶变换理论,从方波的能量成分主要集中在基波这一特性出发,采用单值方波对超声传感器发射信号进行加权,用一个功率信号源和简单的电子开关网络实现了HFR系统中所需要的发射电路.实验表明,这种方案对HFR的成像质量几乎没有什么影响,但大大简化了HFR成像系统,这为HFR超声成像方法在现有B超声系统上的实现提供了一个可行的方法.     

A true random number generator based on the photon arrival time registered in a coincidence window between two single-photon counting modules

True random number generators are essential components for communications to be confidentially secured. In this paper a new method is proposed to generate random sequences of numbers based on the difference of the arrival times of photons detected in a coincidence window between two single-photon counting modules.