新型压电肿瘤标志物微阵列免疫传感器的研究

采用螺旋固定夹具构建一种新型插拔式压电石英晶体传感器,巯基化自组装技术固定抗人甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和前列腺特异抗原(PSA)的单克隆抗体,并组装成2×5型压电肿瘤标志物微阵列免疫传感器.研究了压电肿瘤标志物微阵列免疫传感器的响应特性及其影响因素.该微阵列传感器在AFP、CEA和PSA浓度分别为20～640 μg/L、1.56～50 μg/L和1.25～50 μg/L,压电石英晶体振荡频率偏移值对肿瘤标志物浓度呈现良好的响应特性.微阵列传感器用于68例临床血清标本的测定,结果与免疫化学发光法一致;相关系数分别为0.92、0.90和0.91.     

压电胰岛素-C肽微阵列免疫传感器研究

以AT切型、基频10MHz的镀金膜石英晶体作为换能器,将抗人胰岛素和C肽单克隆抗体固定在石英晶体电极表面,用2×5检测池固定夹具构建一种新型压电胰岛素-C肽微阵列免疫传感器.研究了抗体固定方法、抗体工作浓度、固定量、一致性以及传感器的响应参数如检测温度、时间和特异性等的影响.该微阵列传感器在胰岛素浓度为2.5～160.0mIU/L、C肽浓度为0.375～12.0ng/mL范围内响应特性良好,压电晶体频率偏移值与胰岛素和C肽浓度呈良好的线性关系.将此微阵列传感器用于人血清标本的测定,结果与放射免疫法符合(r为0.92和0.94).此微阵列传感器具有灵敏度高、特异性好,低密度阵列结构,检测通量较高,不需标记,操作简单、能实时在线检测和重复使用等优点,能用于临床实验诊断,具有临床推广应用价值.     

分子印迹纳米膜的制备及其在检测神经性毒剂沙林中的应用

采用电化学聚合法首次合成了对有机磷毒剂沙林有快速响应和高灵敏度的分子印迹纳米膜。用压电晶体频移法测出其膜厚约为35nm，对影响电聚合反应的因素(如模板分子浓度、单体浓度、扫描电位和扫描次数)进行了筛选，进而在石英晶体微天平(QCM)上制成了纳米分子印迹传感器。这种新型传感器响应速度快(最初响应时间2s)，抗干扰能力强，检测范围宽(O．7～50μL/L)，灵敏度高(1nL/L)。     

压电免疫传感器法检测蓖麻毒素

利用纳米金对石英晶体微天平(QCM)的表面修饰和质量扩增效应,建立了一种压电免疫传感器检测蓖麻毒素的新方法。首先在石英晶体的金电极上依次自组装1,6-己二硫醇和纳米金进行表面修饰,然后通过蛋白A定向固定蓖麻毒素多抗来制备敏感膜。利用纳米金的质量扩增效应设计了一种“毒素-单抗-蛋白A-纳米金”复合物,成功实现了对蓖麻毒素的检测,提高了传感器灵敏度和特异性。该传感器对蓖麻毒素响应的线性范围为0.50~10 mg/L,回归方程为△F=45.81Cric in 48.48(R=0.9986,N=10,P<0.01);检测灵敏度为45.81 Hz/(mg/L)。     

基于透明质酸及硫堇层层自组装的前列腺特异性抗原免疫传感器的研究

将带负电荷的透明质酸(HA)和带正电荷的电子媒介体硫堇(Thi)层层自组装到壳聚糖修饰的玻碳电极表面,利用硫堇上的氨基固定纳米金(nano-Au)并固载前列腺特异性抗体(anti-PSA),制得新型前列腺特异性抗原电流型免疫传感器。通过循环伏安法(CV)、微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)考察了该免疫传感器的电化学特性,并对影响该免疫传感器性能的各种因素进行详细研究。在优化实验条件下,此免疫传感器的线性范围为0.5~4μg/L和4~25μg/L,检出限为0.2μg/L。该免疫传感器具有制备简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好等优点。     

压电免疫传感器在梅毒检测中的研究

用巯基丙酸(MPA)为基层物质在压电石英晶体表面形成单分子膜,经过N-乙基-N′-(3-二甲氨基)丙基碳化二亚胺盐酸(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS）活化后固定梅毒抗原TpAg,制成免疫传感器检测不同浓度的标准抗体溶液。并考察了传感器的响应特性和免疫反应动力学特性,结果表明这种免疫传感器是临床检测的有效工具,有巨大的应用潜力。     

利用压电生物传感器研究核因子NF—κB与其特异结合DNA的相互作用

设计并合成了核因子NF-κB的特异结合DNA序列探针,在其5端巯基化修饰后固定在基频10 MHz的石英晶体金膜表面,构建压电DNA-蛋白质相互作用生物传感器,研究了传感器的响应特性及NF-κB的p65蛋白亚基与其特异DNA结合的亲和常数Ka.DNA探针浓度在0.25 ～2.0 μmol/L范围内,随着探针浓度的增加,传感器的响应频率逐渐增大,当探针浓度超过2.0 μmol/L时,传感器的响应频率反而降低;反应缓冲液镁离子浓度、pH对p65蛋白亚基与其特异DNA结合有影响,当MgCl2浓度为50 mmol/L、pH 7.5时,p65蛋白亚基与其特异DNA结合引起的传感器响应频率最大;在p65质量浓度为10 ～40 mg/L时,结合反应引起的频率变化与p65质量浓度呈线性相关,检测批内相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%,批间RSD小于10%,最大结合量和结合常数Ka分别为(49.6±1.5) ng和(3.92±0.14)×106 L*mol-1.构建的压电DNA-蛋白质相互作用生物传感器具有结构简单、操作方便、不需标记、实时检测等优点,可直接用于核因子NF-κB与DNA的相互作用研究.     

基于酶催化银沉积质量放大的血吸虫压电免疫传感器的研究

发展了一种基于酶催化金属银沉积信号放大的新型高灵敏气相压电免疫传感检测技术.先将血吸虫抗原(SjAg)共价固定在石英晶体表面,制备得到血吸虫压电免疫传感器.检测时,在晶振上滴加不同浓度的待测血吸虫抗体,再将碱性磷酸酶标记的二抗通过夹心方式结合到传感器表面.然后利用碱性磷酸酶催化磷酸化的抗坏血酸酯水解从而还原硝酸银,使金属银沉积在晶振表面上,放大传感器的质量响应信号.实验结果表明该传感检测方法可显著提高气相压电免疫传感器的检测灵敏度,传感器对血吸虫抗体的响应线性范围在1～225 ng/mL,检测下限为1 ng/mL.     

β-环糊精固载于TiO2纳米粒多孔膜的压电石英晶体传感器

以TiO2纳米微粒膜作为固载β-环糊精的基体，实现了β-环糊精在压电石英晶体表面的高容量固载(4μg/cm62)。β-环糊精／TiO2纳米微粒膜修饰的压电传感器对邻、间、对硝基酚三种异构体具有选择性响应。在pHll，浓度范围0．6-20μmol/L内，其斜率分别是对硝基酚k=71．9HzL／μmol(γ=0．9974)、邻硝基酚49．1Hz L/μmol(γ=0．9981)、间硝基酚2．8Hz L/μmol(γ=0．9999)。通过多元线性回归法实现了3种异构体的同时测定。     

基于聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)/天青Ⅰ复合物薄膜和纳米金修饰的电流型甲胎蛋白免疫传感器的研究

研制了一种基于聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(PEDOT)与天青Ⅰ(AzureⅠ)为基体的电化学免疫传感器,可灵敏检测甲胎蛋白(AFP)。在铂盘电极表面,电化学聚合PEDOT为基体,利用静电组装技术固定AzureⅠ和纳米金颗粒(nanoAus),将甲胎蛋白抗体(anti-AFP)组装到nanoAus的表面。采用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)封闭非特异性吸附位点,制得电流型AFP免疫传感器。采用循环伏安、扫描电镜技术研究组装过程及电极性质,探讨了影响免疫传感器性能的因素。在优化实验条件下,电极响应与AFP的浓度在0.01~120μg/L的范围内呈线性关系,检出限为0.003μg/L。取临床血清样品用本方法检测AFP含量,得到的结果与临床常用的ELISA法得到的结果无显著性差异。     

Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen using a novel amperometric enzyme-electrode based on layer-by-layer assembly of gold nanoparticles and thionine

Electrochemical sensing of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)on a gold electrode modified by the se- quential incorporation of the mediator,thionine(Thi),and gold nanoparticles(nano-Au),through co- valent linkage and electrostatic interactions onto a self-assembled monolayer configuration is de- scribed in this paper.The enzyme,horseradish peroxidase(HRP),was employed to block the possible remaining active sites of the nano-Au monolayer,avoid the non-specific adsorption,instead of bovine serum albumin(BSA),and amplify the response of the antigen-antibody reaction.Electrochemical ex- periments indicated highly efficient electron transfer by the imbedded Thi mediator and adsorbed nano-Au.The HRP kept its activity after immobilization,and the studied electrode showed sensitive response to CEA and high stability during a long period of storage.The working range for the system was 2.5 to 80.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.90 ng/mL.The model membrane system in this work is a potential biosensor for mimicking the other immunosensor and enzyme sensor.     

增强CT联合血清指标诊断结直肠癌的价值

本文探讨癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)及增强CT在结直肠癌中的联合诊断效果。选取100例结直肠癌患作为观察组,同时选取结直肠良性肿瘤患者60例作为对照组,检测血清CEA、CA19-9、IGFBP-3,同时给予增强CT检查。观察组血清CEA和CA19-9高于对照组(P<0.05),而IGFBP-3低于对照组(P<0.05);TNM分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ和Ⅰ~Ⅱ患者血清CEA、CA19-9和IGFBP-3差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);增强CT联合血清指标联合诊断灵敏性为89.00%、特异性为90.00%;增强CT诊断结直肠癌T分期、N分期与病理结果Kappa值分别为0.696和0.790(P<0.05)。CEA、CA19-9、IGFBP-3联合增强CT是一种具有较高效能的结直肠癌诊断方法。     

Glucose oxidase as a blocking agent-based signal amplification strategy for the fabrication of label-free amperometric immunosensors

An effective electrochemical signal amplification strategy based on enzyme membrane modification and redox probe immobilization was proposed to construct an amperometric immunosensor.L-cysteine@ferrocene functionalized chitosan,which possessed not only efficient redox-activity but also excellent film-forming ability,was coated on the bare glass carbon electrode. Moreover,the thiol groups(SH)in the ferrocenyl compound were used for gold nanoparticles immobilization via the strong bonding interaction,which co...     

抗肿瘤双特异免疫导向治疗制剂CAtin的表达及活性分析

结合生物信息学方法与已知癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA)特异性单链抗体(Single chain Fv fragment, scFv)核苷酸序列, 经分子设计和密码子优化后, 通过化学方法合成CEA二硫键稳定性单链抗体(Disulfide stabilized single chain Fv fragments, scdsFv)基因片段. 将凋亡素基因(Apoptin)通过一段柔性连接肽(Linker)连接在CEA scdsFv基因下游, 并克隆入大肠杆菌表达载体质粒pET28a, 转化BL21感受态菌后经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, IPTG)诱导, 表达融合蛋白CAtin. SDS-PAGE和Western-Blot分析表明, 目的蛋白得到良好表达, 经条件优化后表达量最高可达44.1 mg/L. 融合蛋白经分步洗涤法和谷胱甘肽对表达的目的蛋白进行初步纯化和复性后, 利用人肝癌细胞(HCC)对所制备融合蛋白进行亲和力测定、细胞结合活性测定和特异性细胞杀伤活性分析. 结果显示, 所制备融合蛋白不仅能够有效地与上述肿瘤细胞结合, 并对其具有明显的杀伤活性, 表明成功制备了具有特异性识别和特异性杀伤活性的双特异抗肿瘤免疫导向制剂.     

Electro‐nano Diagnostic Platforms for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Cancer Biomarkers

In this study, a bimetallic nanomaterial‐based electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cancer biomarkers at the same time. CEA and VEGF biomarkers are indicators for colon and breast cancers and stomach cancers, respectively. During the study, gold nanoparticle (AuNp), lead nanoparticle (PbNp), copper nanoparticle (CuNp) and magnetic gamma iron(III)oxide (γFe₂O₃ Np) were synthesized, characterized and used together for the first time in the structure of an electrochemical biosensor based on anti‐CEA and anti‐VEGF. For this purpose, Au SPE based sandwich immunosensor was fabricated by using labeled anti‐CEA (labeled with Pb⁺²) and labeled anti‐VEGF (labeled with Cu⁺²). As a result, CEA and VEGF biomarkers were detected following the oxidation peaks of label metals (Pb⁺² and Cu⁺²) by using differential pulse voltammetry. After the experimental parameters were optimized, the linear range was found in the concentration range between 25 ng/mL and 600 ng/mL with the relative standard deviation (RSD) value of (n=3 for 600 ng/mL) 3.33 % and limit of detection (LOD) value of 4.31 ng/mL for CEA biomarker. On the other hand, the linear range was found in the concentration range between 0.2 ng/mL and 12.5 ng/mL with the RSD value of (n=3 for 12.5 ng/mL) 5.31 % and LOD value of 0.014 ng/mL for VEGF biomarker. Lastly, sample application studies for synthetic plasma sample and interference studies with dopamine, ascorbic acid, BSA, cysteine and IgG were carried out.     

The Effect of Temperature and Standings Can Cause Deviations in Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Assays

Abstract

Blood samples were assayed for PSA values immediately after sampled or by standing for an assigned period. Variation of the free‐ (f), total‐ (t) values, and the free to total (f/t) ratios were determined. Mathematical models were used to interpret the phenomena of deviation. Smaller values of PSA values changed randomly with time and temperature of standings, resulting in varying f/t ratios, while larger initial PSA values were relatively unaffected to any significant extent.

Model interpreted that the changes of PSA values might be caused by higher temperature and time of standings, and conformational participation was also possible.     

Synthesis of Novel Hydrophobic Media and Purification of Recombinant HBsAg

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毛细管电泳法检测结核杆菌蛋白多肽类抗原活性成分研究

采用毛细管电泳法分离检测结核杆菌耐热抗原样品中的活性成分。熔融石英毛细管55cm(40cm处检测窗口)×50μm i.d.;缓冲液:0.15mol·L-1硼酸盐(含5g·L-1PEG-4000,pH=10.92);分离电压:+12 kV;进样压力:0.5 psi(3.45 kPa),进样时间3.0s;分离温度:25℃;UV-Vis检测器检测波长:200nm。本方法能分离溶菌酶标准蛋白和牛血清白蛋白标准品,根据分子量大小能有效分离结核杆菌耐热抗原样品活性成分,线性回归方程相关系数r2在0.99673以上,定量限在19.47μg·mL-1左右。样品加标回收率在96.09%左右,相对标准偏差小于8.13%,本方法与快速蛋白液相色谱法结果一致。该方法简便、灵敏、快速、可靠、重现性好,能用于结核杆菌耐热抗原样品中活性成分测定。     

毛细管电泳免疫分析法研究癌胚抗原与抗体相互作用

采用毛细管电泳免疫分析法研究癌胚抗原和抗体相互作用.探讨了缓冲体系、癌胚抗原和抗体的配比、进样时间,进样电压等因素对分离检测的影响.结果表明分离电压为14 kV,进样时间为10 s, 在pH值为5.92的Tris-乙酸缓冲体系（TAE）中, 癌胚抗原及其复合物得到较满意的分离.     

Fabrication of a Colorimetric Carcino-Embryonic Antigen Sensor Using High-Activity DNAzyme as a Catalytic Label

Detection of biomarkers in a biologically complex mixture remains a major challenge. Herein, an ultrasensitive colorimetric sandwich sensor for carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) detection is introduced. The DNAzyme was tethered to biotinylated monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) which serve as the sensing element to recognize the target protein and was then introduced on to the CEA-McAbs assembled micro plate. The CEA was captured in a sandwich assay by the McAbs. The peroxidase-like DNAzyme catalyzed the oxidation of 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), which generated a blue-green colorimetric signal. This method detected CEA in a serum-containing medium at a concentration as low as 10 nM. This strategy is a promising tool for bioanalytical and clinical applications.