放射性束引起的重离子碰撞中敏感于对称能的几个观测量

利用同位旋与动量相关的强子输运模型，我们研究了放射性束引起的中能重离子碰撞中几个观测量的对称能效应。我们发现自由核子发射的非对称度的快度分布，中快度中－质比的横动量分布，的动能分布，以及同位旋相分化（fractionation）的时间演化都敏感于对称能。     

现代数字物理教学连载⑥——关于势模型问题的教学

在大学物理教学内容中,势模型的教学是特别重要的.传统教材受到数学技术上的限制,使学生实际接触到的势模型寥寥无几,而数字化教学大大丰富了势模型问题的教学,在提高教学效益与质量上发挥了巨大的作用.     

Revisiting the interacting model of new agegraphic dark energy

In this paper,a new version of the interacting model of new agegraphic dark energy(INADE)is proposed and analyzed in detail.The interaction between dark energy and dark matter is reconsidered.The interaction term Q=bH0ραdeρ1αdm is adopted,which abandons the Hubble expansion rate H and involves bothρde andρdm.Moreover,the new initial condition for the agegraphic dark energy is used,which solves the problem of accommodating baryon matter and radiation in the model.The solution of the model can be given using an iterative algorithm.A concrete example for the calculation of the model is given.Furthermore,the model is constrained by using the combined Planck data(Planck+BAO+SNIa+H0)and the combined WMAP-9 data(WMAP+BAO+SNIa+H0).Three typical cases are considered:(A)Q=bH0ρde,(B)Q=bH0√ρdeρdm,and(C)Q=bH0ρdm,which correspond toα=1,1/2,and 0,respectively.The departures of the models from theΛCDM model are measured by the BIC and AIC values.It is shown that the INADE model is better than the NADE model in the fit,and the INADE(A)model is the best in fitting data among the three cases.     

Uniform convergence of the free energy of the classical Heisenberg model to that of the gaussian model

We show that the free energy of the classical Heisenberg model converges to the free energy of the Gaussian in the low-temperature limit. The limit is uniform as the field is taken to zero.     

A novel car-following model by sharing cooperative information transmission delayed effect under V2X environment and its additional energy consumption

A novel car-following model is offered based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect involving headway and velocity under V2X environment. The stability conditions and mKdV equation of the new model are obtained via the linear and nonlinear analysis. Through numerical simulation, the variation trend of headway and hysteresis phenomenon are studied. In addition, we investigate the additional energy consumption of the vehicle during acceleration. In brief, theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm that the new car-following model based on the cooperative information transmission delayed effect can improve traffic stability and reduce additional energy consumption.     

用推广的Maxwell速度分布律证明转动、振动方式能均分定理

将描述分子平动速度分布的Maxwell速度分布律推广到转动和振动方式,并用推广的Maxwell分布律成功地证明了转动、振动方式的能均分定理．     

Fermionic dispersion relations at finite temperature and non-vanishing chemical potentials in the minimal standard model

We calculate the fermionic dispersion relations in the minimal standard model at finite temperature in presence of non-vanishing chemical potentials due to the CP-asymmetric fermionic background. The dispersion relations are calculated for a vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field equal to zero (unbroken electroweak symmetry). The calculation is performed in the real time formalism of the thermal field theory at one-loop order in a general ζ gauge. The fermionic self-energy is calculated at leading order in temperature and chemical potential and this fact permits us to obtain gauge-invariant analytical expressions for the dispersion relations.     

The thermodynamics of the Curie-Weiss model with random couplings

We study the Curie-Weiss version of an Ising spin system with random, positively biased couplings. In particular, the case where the couplings _ij take the values one with probabilityp and zero with probability 1 –p, which describes the Ising model on a random graph, is considered. We prove that ifp is allowed to decrease with the system sizeN in such a way thatNp(N) asN , then the free energy converges (after trivial rescaling) to that of the standard Curie-Weiss model, almost surely. Similarly, the induced measures on the mean magnetizations converge to those of the Curie-Weiss model. Generalizations of this result to a wide class of distributions are detailed.     

Systematic study of global optical model potentials in (d,p) transfer reactions

In the T-matrix form of the transfer reaction, the optical model potentials (OMPs) are used to compute the scattering wave function and transition operator. For most cases, the elastic scattering cross sections, normally used to generate the OMPs, are not directly given in the same experiment. Then, the global OMPs, which fit the experimental data over a broad mass and energy range, are widely used in the theoretical calculations. Different sets of global OMPs with different parameter sets can reproduce the scattering cross section equally well within the uncertainty. Here, we apply different global OMPs to calculate the (differential) cross sections of \begin{document}$ (d,p) $\end{document} transfer reactions on the target nuclei \begin{document}$ ^{12}{\rm{C}} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ ^{48}{\rm{Ca}} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ ^{124}{\rm{Sn}} $\end{document} , and \begin{document}$ ^{208}{\rm{Pb}} $\end{document} at different energies. The results demonstrate that the effects of deuteron and nucleon global OMPs on transfer (differential) cross sections vary with energy and target mass. Furthermore, the influences of the spin-orbit coupling term of deuteron and nucleon global OMPs on the transfer cross sections are not negligible.     

摩擦微观能量耗散机理的复合振子模型研究

提出无磨损界面摩擦微观能量耗散机理的复合振子模型，指出滑动摩擦过程同时存在整体做低频弹性振动的宏观振子和界面原子受激励产生热振动的微观振子，并在此基础上分析了宏观振子和微观振子对摩擦能量耗散的不同影响. 通过对界面原子的动力学分析，指出摩擦过程界面激励力的频率是能量转换的关键:在平衡力作用阶段，界面作用力的频率趋于零，因而可以直接作用到每个原子，力的作用效果是整体和均匀的；在失稳跳跃阶段,由于界面激励力的频率极高，造成摩擦界面原子获得的能量分布很不均匀，从而产生不可逆的能量耗散过程. 与目前通用的独立振子模型比较，复合振子模型能够更准确描述摩擦能量耗散过程，可为摩擦控制提供理论指导. 关键词： 摩擦 能量耗散机理 复合振子模型 独立振子模型     

New initial condition of the new agegraphic dark energy model

The initial condition Ω_de(z_ini)=n²(1+z_ini)^-2/4 at z_ini=2000 widely used to solve the differential equation of the density of the new agegraphic dark energy (NADE) Ω_de, makes the NADE model be a single-parameter dark-energy cosmological model. However, we find that this initial condition is only applicable in a flat universe with only dark energy and pressureless matter. In fact, in order to obtain more information from current observational data, such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), we need to consider the contribution of radiation. For this situation, the initial condition mentioned above becomes invalid. To overcome this shortage, we investigate the evolutions of dark energy in the matter-dominated and the radiation-dominated epochs, and obtain a new initial condition Ω_de(z_ini)=n²(1+z_ini)^-2(1+√F(z_ini)²/4 at z_ini=2000, where F(z)≡Ω_r0(1+z)/[Ω_m0+Ω_r0(1+z)] with Ω_r0 and Ω_m0 being the current density parameters of radiation and pressureless matter, respectively. This revised initial condition is applicable for the differential equation of Ω_de obtained in the standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe with dark energy, pressureless matter, radiation, and even spatial curvature, and can still keep the NADE model being a single-parameter model. With the revised initial condition and the observational data of type Ia supernova (SNIa), CMB, and BAO, we finally constrain the NADE model. The results show that the single free parameter n of the NADE model can be constrained tightly.     

也谈转动和振动的概率分布与能均分定理的证明

严格推导出分子转动角速度、振动位移概率分布,指明三种概率分布并不局限于近独立子系,它们适用于有相互作用的很多系统。     

相对论平均场理论框架下对能的系统研究

在相对论平均场模型的框架内,沿原子核的稳定线,以每隔4个质子或中子提取样本的方法,计算了核谱图上数十个原子核的对能,特别是研究了氧同位素偶-偶核的对能随核子数的变化规律,发现在固定能隙Δ的条件下,对能的大小和核的壳结构有关,由此提出了一种检验闭壳效应的简便方法,进而发现中子数N=6不仅在轻核的丰中子区是一个新幻数,而且在丰质子区也是一个可能的新幻数. 关键词： 相对论平均场模型 对能 能隙 幻数     

Coulomb system equivalent to the energy spectrum of the Calogero-Sutherland-Moser (CSM) model

The purpose of this paper is to prove an equivalence between the energy spectrum of the CSM model and the electrostatic energy of a one-dimensional lattice of quantized point charges interacting via Coulomb potential with Dirichlet boundary conditions. This paper is dedicated to B. Jancovici in honor of his 65th birthday.     

Implementation of a separate fluid-neutral energy equation in SOLPS-ITER and its impact on the validity range of advanced fluid-neutral models

In plasma edge transport codes for nuclear fusion devices, fluid-neutral models offer an interesting alternative to the currently used kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, especially for cases of high ion-neutral collisionality. In this paper, we elaborate a separate neutral energy equation in the state-of-the-art SOLPS-ITER code suite, which previously assumed perfect ion-neutral temperature equilibration. Furthermore, we study the coupled plasma-neutral solutions for a range of divertor operating regimes, proving the validity of these fluid-neutral models for high-recycling and detached regimes.     

Transport properties of the continuous-time random walk with a long-tailed waiting-time density

We derive asymptotic properties of the propagatorp(r,t) of a continuous-time random walk (CTRW) in which the waiting time density has the asymptotic form(t)T /t ⁺¹ whentT and 0<<1. Several cases are considered; the main ones are those that assume that the variance of the displacement in a single step of the walk is finite. Under this assumption we consider both random walks with and without a bias. The principal results of our analysis is that one needs two forms to characterizep(r,t), depending on whetherr is large or small, and that the small-r expansion cannot be characterized by a scaling form, although it is possible to find such a form for larger. Several results can be demonstrated that contrast with the case in which t= ₀ ()d is finite. One is that the asymptotic behavior ofp(0,t) is dominated by the waiting time at the origin rather than by the dimension. The second difference is that in the presence of a fieldp(r,t) no longer remains symmetric around a moving peak. Rather, it is shown that the peak of this probability always occurs atr=0, and the effect of the field is to break the symmetry that occurs when t. Finally, we calculate similar properties, although in not such great detail, for the case in which the single-step jump probabilities themselves have an infinite mean.     

Modification of Spalart-Allmaras model with consideration of turbulence energy backscatter using velocity helicity

The correlation between the velocity helicity and the energy backscatter is proved in a DNS case of 256³-grid homogeneous isotropic decaying turbulence. The helicity is then proposed to be employed to improve turbulence models and SGS models. Then Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model (SA) is modified with the helicity to take account of the energy backscatter, which is significant in the region of corner separation in compressors. By comparing the numerical results with experiments, it can be concluded that the modification for SA model with helicity can appropriately represent the energy backscatter, and greatly improves the predictive accuracy for simulating the corner separation flow in compressors.     

Interfacial free energy of the two-dimensional Ising model from the renormalization group

The interfacial free energy of a two-dimensional Ising model is calculated by using various renormalization group schemes. The results obtained are quantitatively consistent with known exact results. In addition, a general discussion of various drawbacks within different renormalization group approximations is given. The best result are obtained with the 4×4 finite cluster approximation, while the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation seems to be inherently unsuitable for calculation of interfacial properties.     

Dynamical Localization II with an Application to the Almost Mathieu Operator

Several recent works have established dynamical localization for Schrödinger operators, starting from control on the localization length of their eigenfunctions, in terms of their centers of localization. We provide an alternative way to obtain dynamical localization, without resorting to such a strong condition on the exponential decay of the eigenfunctions. Furthermore, we illustrate our purpose with the almost Mathieu operator, H _{, ,} =–+ cos(2(+x)), 15 and with good Diophantine properties. More precisely, for almost all , for all q>0, and for all functions ²( ) of compact support, we show that The proof applies equally well to discrete and continuous random Hamiltonians. In all cases, it uses as input a repulsion principle of singular boxes, supplied in the random case by the multi-scale analysis.     

A random covering interpretation for the phase transition of the random energy model

The random energy model is related to a random covering of the real line. The phase transition is interpreted as the passage from a regime where a family of random intervals covers the line (high temperature) to a noncovering regime (low temperature).