Laser-induced fabrication of highly branched CuS nanocrystals with excellent near-infrared absorption properties

We report on the successful fabrication of highly branched Cu S nanocrystals by laser-induced photochemical reaction.Surprisingly, the single-crystalline nature with preferential alignment of the(107) orientation can be well improved during the moderate growth process. The branch length drastically increases from about 5 nm to 6 μm with an increase of photochemical reaction time(0-40 min). The absorption spectra of as-prepared Cu S nanodendrites show that localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) peaks can be modulated from about 1037 nm to 1700 nm with an increase of branch length. Our results have a promising potential for photodynamic therapy and biological imaging application.     

Electrochemical template-assisted fabrication of CdS micro/nanostructures

One-dimensional (1D) cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanostructures, including micro/nanorods, and nanostructures resembling flowers and cactus have been synthesized by electrochemical template deposition technique, using polycarbonate membranes, by controlling various reaction parameters. These 1D CdS nanostructures were characterized structurally through the X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies and morphologically through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that apart from the dimensions of the pores of the templates, the geometrical morphologies of the CdS 1D nanostructures were significantly influenced by the synthesizing parameters also. The optical characterization has been done by UV–visible absorption and room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) studies.     

Laser-induced fluorescence of cardiac tissue with calcinosis

Investigations of laser-induced fluorescence spectra for human cardiac valve tissue with calcinosis are performed as compared to similar spectra of bone and myocardial tissue of an animal that are excited by an excimer laser with a 248-nm wavelength. It is shown that a healthy tissue has a laser-induced fluorescence maximum in the region of 300–400 nm which corresponds to protein tissue luminescence. For tissue affected by calcinosis, the laser-induced fluorescence spectra differ significantly from the spectra of healthy tissue and have a maximum in the region of 400–500 nm. The obtained results offer the prospects for using laser-induced fluorescence to diagnose tissue with calcinosis in open-heart surgery. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 539–541, July–August, 1997.     

A facile strategy for the fabrication of uniform CdS nanowires with high yield and its controlled morphological growth with the assistance of PEG in hydrothermal route

A series of novel wurtzite cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanowires with uniform diameter were synthesized by using a rapid and simple solvothermal route. CdS nano structures with certain morphology could be selectively produced by only varying the concentration of poly ethylene glycol (PEG) as a surfactant in the reaction system with cadmium acetate, sulphur powder and ethelynediamine (EDA). We extensively studied UV-vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra after confirming CdS nanowires with diameter 24-25 nm and length ranging up to several nano meters by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Therefore we may definitely propose a new formation mechanism of CdS nanowires assisted by PEG with its illustrating optical properties.     

CdS及其包裹型纳米颗粒PVA基复合膜的特性研究

以聚乙烯醇 (PVA)、六偏磷酸钠为分散剂 ,采用溶胶法合成了 Cd S纳米胶体颗粒 ,制备出 Cd S及其包裹型纳米颗粒 PVA基复合膜。通过光子相干光谱粒度仪 (PCS)、紫外 -可见吸收光谱 (UV- VIS)、荧光光谱 (PL)对样品进行了初步表征。结果表明 ,Cd S纳米颗粒 PVA基复合膜的紫外 -可见吸收光谱有明显的蓝移现象 ,所发荧光主要由表面态发射引起 ;包裹型 PVA基复合膜所发荧光主要由带边发射引起     

利用激光诱导击穿光谱分析土壤成份

搭建了一套激光诱导击穿光谱实验装置,并通过配置特定样品,开展了一系列激光诱导击穿光谱探测实验。根据含有不同质量分数的同种元素样品的激光诱导击穿光谱实验结果,获得元素质量分数与谱线强度的关系曲线(定标曲线)。对中南民族大学附近的土壤进行激光诱导击穿光谱实验,发现土壤中含有Mg,Ca,Na等18种元素,对河南云台山茱萸峰岩石的激光诱导击穿光谱实验结果仅获得Fe,Mg,Ca 3种金属元素。比较这2种实际样品的激光诱导击穿光谱结果表明,检测样品的物理结构影响激光诱导光谱的实验结果。     

L-半胱氨酸修饰CdS量子点检测银离子

室温一步合成了L-半胱氨酸修饰的CdS量子点,具有水溶性和生物相溶性。在0．0050mol／L磷酸缓冲溶液中,于L-半胱氨酸存在下,银离子对CdS量子点荧光发射有显著的增敏作用,CdS量子点荧光发射峰位置逐渐由545nm向558nm红移,CdS量子点荧光强度与银离子的浓度成线性关系,方法的线性响应范围为2．0×10^-7-1．0×10^-6mol／L,检出限为2．1×10^-8mol／L。是一种简单,迅速,灵敏且可操作的检测银离子的新方法。     

Pt掺杂CdS光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,运用Castep计算分析了Pt元素掺杂CdS结构,对本征CdS和掺杂晶体的能带结构、态密度以及光学性质进行了分析对比, 由掺杂前后的结果分析发现：Pt掺杂闪锌矿相CdS产生了新的能带,带隙明显缩小;CdS的吸收边产生红移,禁带宽度变窄,在可见光区具有较大吸收系数,提高了可见光的利用率,表现出较好的可见光光催化活性。     

不同波长三倍频DKDP晶体的激光损伤

采用传统降温法,利用高纯原料从氘化程度为80%的溶液生长了四方相磷酸二氘钾（DKDP）晶体,并按Ⅱ类三倍频方式切割晶体。三倍频用DKDP晶体的最大问题在于其抗光伤阈值低于KDP晶体,严重限制了激光输出的能量密度和晶体使用寿命。考察了不同波长下三倍频DKDP晶体的损伤阈值,以及激光退火效应。实验表明,激光退火对于DKDP晶体的损伤阈值有显著的提升作用,基频、倍频、三倍频的提升效果分别达到1.4,1.9,2.7倍,是改善DKDP晶体抗光伤能力的有效途径。     

Pt掺杂CdS光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,运用Castep计算分析了Pt元素掺杂CdS结构,对本征CdS和掺杂晶体的能带结构、态密度以及光学性质进行了分析对比, 由掺杂前后的结果分析发现：Pt掺杂闪锌矿相CdS产生了新的能带,带隙明显缩小;CdS的吸收边产生红移,禁带宽度变窄,在可见光区具有较大吸收系数,提高了可见光的利用率,表现出较好的可见光光催化活性。     

不同波长三倍频DKDP晶体的激光损伤

采用传统降温法,利用高纯原料从氘化程度为80%的溶液生长了四方相磷酸二氘钾(DKDP)晶体,并按Ⅱ类三倍频方式切割晶体。三倍频用DKDP晶体的最大问题在于其抗光伤阈值低于KDP晶体,严重限制了激光输出的能量密度和晶体使用寿命。考察了不同波长下三倍频DKDP晶体的损伤阈值,以及激光退火效应。实验表明,激光退火对于DKDP晶体的损伤阈值有显著的提升作用,基频、倍频、三倍频的提升效果分别达到1.4,1.9,2.7倍,是改善DKDP晶体抗光伤能力的有效途径。     

UV-illuminated chemical bath deposition of CdS buffer layer for CIGSSe solar cells

In this paper, we compare the performance of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ (CIGSSe) thin film solar cells with a CdS buffer layer grown by chemical bath deposition (CBD) with UV irradiation of 365 nm or 254 nm at an output power of 8 W. The effects of UV light irradiation on the CBD-CdS thin film deposition mechanism were investigated through chemical and electro-optical studies. UV light irradiation during the solution process promotes the hydrolysis of thiourea, thereby inhibiting the formation of the intermediate products being developed on the reaction pathways and decreasing the solution pH. Therefore, the efficiency of the CdS/CIGSSe solar cells was improved because of the increased elemental ratio of S/(S + O) in the CdS thin film. This very simple and effective approach can be used to control the S/O ratio of the CdS thin film fabricated by the CBD process without artificially controlling the process temperature, solution pH or concentration.     

A quick algorithm of exposure distribution for fabrication of micro-optical structures

An approximate algorithm of exposure distribution on photoresist for the case of large exposure dose is obtained on the basis of the algorithm reported in [X. Dong, C. Du, S. Li, C. Wang, Y. Fu, Control approach for form accuracy of microlenses with continuous relief, Opt. Express 13 (2005) 1353-1360] via analyzing a PAC concentration distribution inside the photoresist. We analyzed the fabrication errors of the micro-optical structures which are caused by the approximate algorithm. The relief form error originating from the measurement errors of characteristics parameters of the photoresist is analyzed as well. A valid approach for a quick and accurate design of the exposure distribution is provided accordingly. As an example, a saw-tooth grating with 75 μm relief depth was designed and fabricated so as to verify the new algorithm. Our measurement results show that root mean square (rms) value is less than 0.81 μm. The quick algorithm can satisfy the requirements of micro-optical systems for practical applications.     

An estimate of shape distribution of small CdS particles with luminescence spectra

The optical properties of CdS particles with different shapes are compared. The particles, characterized by spherical and rectangular shapes, were obtained with chemical and pounding methods, respectively. Then the particles were calibrated against their shapes. Obtained particles were investigated with the help of transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence technique, and theoretical modeling. Absorption spectra were calculated via dissipative function in terms of local field approach. It was established that the comparison of experimental and theoretical results can give the additional information on particles, in particular, its shape and the shape distribution.     

Static quenching of bovine serum albumin conjugated with small size CdS nanocrystalline quantum dots

The author reports on a strong fluorescence quenching of a model transport protein, bovine serum albumin BSA, when bioconjugated with CdS quantum dots QDs. The 4.4 nm size CdS QDs were synthesized using wet chemistry method and were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy SEM and X-ray diffraction XRD techniques. It was found that the BSA fluorescence quenching increases linearly with increasing the CdS QDs concentrations in the range of 3×10⁻⁷-2.0×10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹. This quenching is explained in terms of Stern-Volmer equation and is ascribed to static quenching with quenching constant 1.321×10⁴ L mol⁻¹ at 300 K.     

Photoluminescence quenching of CdTe/CdS core-shell quantum dots in aqueous solution by ZnO nanocrystals

Photoluminescence (PL) properties of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) coated CdTe/CdS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) in aqueous solution in the presence of ZnO colloidal nanocrystals were studied by steady-state and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. The PL quenching of CdTe/CdS core-shell QDs with addition of purified ZnO nanocrystals resulted in a decrease in PL lifetime and a small red shift of the PL band. It was found that CdTe(1.5 nm)/CdS type II core-shell QDs exhibited higher efficiency of PL quenching than the CdTe(3.0 nm)/CdS type I core-shell QDs, indicating an electron transfer process from CdTe/CdS core-shell QDs to ZnO nanocrystals. The experimental results indicated that the efficient electron transfer process from CdTe/CdS core-shell QDs to ZnO nanocrystals could be controlled by changing the CdTe core size on the basis of the quantum confinement effect.     

Synthesis of CdSe/CdS with a simple non-TOP-based route

A convenient and non-TOP-based route for the synthesis of core-shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) is developed for the first time. Simple reagents, such as cadmium oxide, selenium powder, sodium sulfide, paraffin and oleic acid with obvious advantages are used to replace organometallics. This simple route allows the preparation of a series of core-shell CdSe/CdS QDs emitting in a wide wavelength range (from 510 to 615 nm). After passivation of CdSe by CdS shell using sodium sulfide as the source of sulfur at 80 °C, the quantum yields (QYs) are improved from 15-30% to 35-50% and remained stable at least for 4 months. A narrow bandwidth (FWHM<50 nm) indicates that the as-prepared QDs have uniform size distribution, desirable dispersibility and good fluorescence properties. The whole procedure can be carried out either open to air or under nitrogen atmosphere, which is simpler, greener and cheaper as compared with TOP-based route.     

6H-SiC的飞秒激光超衍射加工

利用飞秒激光直写微纳加工平台, 对6H-SiC材料进行了突破衍射极限的微纳结构加工研究. 使用中心波长和脉宽分别为800 nm和130 fs的钛蓝宝石激光器和荧光倒置显微镜搭建了飞秒激光直写微纳加工平台, 研究了在不同的实验条件下对6H-SiC的光学加工情况, 采用扫描电子显微镜对加工结构进行表征. 通过分析不同的激光功率和不同的曝光时间等实验条件下加工的分辨率, 发现分辨率随着激光功率的减小而提高, 随扫描速度的增大而提高, 且能突破光学衍射极限. 最终获得125 nm的加工线宽, 并加工了加工线宽240 nm, 周期1.0 μm的线阵列. 研究结果为微机电系统(MEMS)的微器件设计开创了新的思路, 对发展MEMS器件具有重要意义. 关键词： 飞秒激光直写 超衍射加工 6H-SiC 微机电系统     

He-Ne散射光检测光学薄膜激光损伤阈值

准确测定光学薄膜的激光损伤阈值可以衡量光学薄膜的抗激光损伤能力,测定损伤阈值的关键是准确地判定损伤的发生与否。建立了He-Ne散射光检测光学薄膜激光损伤阈值系统。通过测量同一样品点的He-Ne散射光能量变化来判断薄膜表面发生的损伤,并对制备的类金刚石薄膜与HfO₂/SiO₂反射膜进行了阈值测试。与等离子体闪光法的阈值测试结果进行比较,具有较好的一致性。分析表明：He-Ne散射光测试系统能有效地判断出激光诱导损伤,易于实现在线检测。