Runge-Lenz vector, accidental SU(2) symmetry, and unusual multiplets for motion on a cone

We consider a particle moving on a cone and bound to its tip by 1/r or harmonic oscillator potentials. When the deficit angle of the cone divided by 2π is a rational number, all bound classical orbits are closed. Correspondingly, the quantum system has accidental degeneracies in the discrete energy spectrum. An accidental SU(2) symmetry is generated by the rotations around the tip of the cone as well as by a Runge-Lenz vector. Remarkably, some of the corresponding multiplets have fractional “spin” and unusual degeneracies.     

Bohlin transformation for a two-dimensional singular oscillator in a constant magnetic field

Bohlin transformation for a circular singular oscillator in a constant magnetic field is considered. It is shown that this transformation leads to a two-dimensional Kepler problem with an additional centrifugal potential from the constant magnetic field whose strength decreases inversely proportional to the distance from the center of attraction of the system. The energy spectrum of the considered system is obtained.     

Two charges on a plane in a magnetic field: II. Moving neutral quantum system across a magnetic field

The moving neutral system of two Coulomb charges on a plane subject to a constant magnetic field B$B$ perpendicular to the plane is considered. It is shown that the composite system of finite total mass is bound for any center-of-mass momentum P$P$ and magnetic field strength; the energy of the ground state is calculated accurately using a variational approach. Its accuracy is cross-checked in a Lagrange-mesh method for B=1$B=1$  a.u. and in a perturbation theory at small B$B$ and P$P$. The constructed trial function has the property of being a uniform approximation of the exact eigenfunction. For a Hydrogen atom and a Positronium a double perturbation theory in B$B$ and P$P$ is developed and the first corrections are found algebraically. A phenomenon of a sharp change of energy behavior for a certain center-of-mass momentum and a fixed magnetic field is indicated.     

Influence of a weak constant magnetic field on the Hβ line of a t-tube plasma

Measurements of the additional shift of the Hβ spectral line emitted by a plasma in a magnetic field are performed. The magnitudes of the shift are distinguished by good reproducibility. The magnetic field strength was 0.5 and 2.1 T. Comparison is made of the Hβ line profiles recorded in the presence of the magnetic field and without it, all other things being equal. Consideration is given to a number of possible causes of the additional shift (they include the dependence of the shift on the density of electrons, their temperature, and on the velocity of the plasma flux). The additional shift of the Hβ line in the presence of the magnetic field is qualitatively substantiated. Presented at the 1th Belorussian-Yugoslavian Symposium on the Physics and Diagnostics of Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, 1–3 July, 1996, Misnk. Institute of Physics, 4, Obradović St., Novi Sad, 21000, Yugoslavia. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 5, pp. 566–574, September–October, 1997.     

Reversal of coherent‐state spins in square magnetic nanodots induced by a magnetic microwave field

We study the coherent state excitation of spins in square nanodots induced by a magnetic microwave field. We present a new mechanism of spin reversal in nanodots. That is, the microwave field directly induces the reversal of the coherent‐state spins instead of indirectly through the magnetic vortex. We obtain the space distribution of coherent‐state spins in terms of a quantum theory, and calculate the time of spin reversal. This spin‐reversal process may be used to serve as a storage mechanism of binary information.     

Spin precession of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field on a static space-time

We investigate the ratio of spin precession frequency to orbital frequency for a spinning charged particle confined to circular orbit in the equatorial plane of a compact object, with a uniform magnetic field, as described by the Wald and the Ernst potentials. In order to see the difference in behaviours for particles with differentg values we consider the cases of electron and proton separately.     

永磁体空间磁场的分析计算及其在永磁磁力轴承中的应用

在介绍三种永磁体空间磁场计算模型的基础上,利用泛函理论分别推导出等效磁荷模型和等效电流模型对应的变分形式,并就等效磁荷模型详细地介绍了有限元法．由于等效磁荷模型使用仅有一个自由度的标量磁位,因而计算起来比具有三个自由度的矢量磁位的等效电流法更简便．从永磁磁力轴承磁场的计算算例中可以看出,用等效磁荷模型的有限元法计算永磁体空间磁场是非常简便和有效的．     

Operators of observables for a neutral particle with anomalous magnetic moment in an electromagnetic field

The explicit form of operators of kinetic momenta and spin projection for a neutral particle with an anomalous magnetic moment in constant homogeneous electromagnetic field is found. The possible applications of the obtained results in neutrino physics are considered.     

有限磁场作用下等离子体背景中的切伦可夫不稳定性研究

较高密度的相对论电子束注入等离子体中将会形成离子通道,在考虑了离子通道的影响下,推导出圆柱波导中更普遍的色散方程,并计算出考虑离子通道和不考虑离子通道效应时的色散关系及电磁波的增长率。     

有限磁场作用下等离子体背景中的切伦可夫不稳定性研究

 较高密度的相对论电子束注入等离子体中将会形成离子通道，在考虑了离子通道的影响下，推导出圆柱波导中更普遍的色散方程，并计算出考虑离子通道和不考虑离子通道效应时的色散关系及电磁波的增长率。     

磁耦合效应对半无限超晶格中表面电子态的影响

在有效质量近似理论下，采用有效垒高方法，研究了在沿超晶格生长方向加一有限磁场时磁耦合效应对半无限半导体超晶格中表面电子态的影响.当考虑超晶格中阱层和垒层之间电子有效质量的差别时，沿超晶格生长方向的磁场将导致磁耦合效应的出现.研究结果表明，磁耦合效应不仅引起表面电子能级的量子化，而且表面电子能级的大小及其在表面附近的局域程度也依赖于磁场的大小和朗道指数.此外，研究表明布洛赫波数的虚部可以作为一个衡量表面电子态局域程度的物理量. 关键词： 超晶格中的电子态 表面态 磁场     

Influence of a parallel magnetic field on microwave-induced zero-resistance states and magnetoplasmon resonance

In an ultra-clean two-dimensional electron system (2DES), we have observed the magnetoplasmon resonance (MPR) through its microwave-photoconductivity, concurrently with the microwave-induced resistance oscillations (MIRO) and zero-resistance states (ZRS). It is found that the MIRO/ZRS is strongly suppressed by a moderate magnetic field () parallel to the 2DES, while the MPR is robust against a parallel magnetic field. These findings have not been addressed by current models proposed to explain the MIRO/ZRS.     

Force and torque on a sphere with electric dipole moment moving in a dielectric fluid in the presence of a uniform magnetic field

The torque exerted by a magnetic field on a sphere with permanent electric dipole moment moving steadily in a dielectric fluid is calculated to lowest order in the dipole moment. Hence the force exerted on a steadily rotating sphere with electric dipole moment is found by Onsager symmetry. The modification from the vacuum values of torque and force depends only on the slip parameter and the static dielectric constant of the fluid. It is suggested that for a macroscopic ferro electric sphere the calculated effects could be measured experimentally without great difficulty.     

Effects of magnetic field on the evolution of the wave function of a charged particle with an angular momentum

We have calculated the effect of a magnetic field on the evolution of angular momentum eigenfunctions of a charged particle. An additional harmonic potential is supplemented to trap the wave packet. We find the probability density of the wave function is oscillating in the radial direction with a time period determined by the strength of the effective harmonic potential. When the magnetic field is along the z direction, if the initial wave function is an eigenfunction of ${\hat{L}}_{z}$, the probability density of the particle remains axis-symmetric. While for the case of an eigenfunction of ${\hat{L}}_{x}$, it is anisotropic in the x−y plane and rotates with a time period inverse proportional to the strength of the external magnetic field. We also extend the results in a phenomenological way to the case with an external magnetic field that varies harmonically in time.     

Magnetic property of pyrolytic carbon prepared on diamond powder in applied magnetic field

We have prepared pyrolytic carbon samples from triethylamine on diamond powder in applied magnetic field of 6 T and investigated their magnetic properties. A ferromagnetic sample was obtained from the pyrolysis products even at room temperature, with spontaneous magnetization of 6.4 A m²/kg at 300 K, which is twice as large as that of the sample prepared without diamond powder. Therefore, the diamond powder seems to promote the formation of a three-dimensional ferromagnetic structure in pyrolytic carbon.     

带电粒子在正交电场和磁场中轨迹的形成及曲率半径

本文讨论了带电粒子在正交的电场和磁场中于不同条件下的旋轮线轨迹,并讨论了这些不同形状的旋轮线是怎样由圆轮的纯滚动形成的,使带电粒子的运动过程更加直观,并且运用物理方法导出了旋轮线曲率半径的普遍公式.     

Acceleration of a test particle in the gravitational field of central mass with a large number of magnetic monopoles

In a Kerr－Newman－Kasuya field we have obtained expressions of the acceleration effect and also studied the special case (v^i=0). We find that in this field, the acceleration of a falling particle has both radial and transverse components. The acceleration effects of electric charge q and magnetic charge φ are also discussed, separately.     

Time-dependent correlations for a one-component plasma in a uniform magnetic field

We derive various sum rules for the time-displaced structure function of a classical one-component plasma subjected to an external uniform magnetic field. When the plasma has some translational invariance (i.e., homogeneous or translation-invariant along the field), we find that there are long-wavelength oscillations with well-defined frequencies. The results are obtained from linear response and macroscopic electrodynamics, as well as from the microscopic equations of motion (BBGKY hierarchy). In the presence of the magnetic field, the time-displaced structure function has a polynomial decay at large distances, even in the homogeneous case. When the plasma has no translational invariance, examples show a more complicated temporal behaviour in the long-length-scale limit, involving a superposition of oscillations over a continuous range of frequencies.     

反场构型等离子体靶压缩过程中强磁场对α粒子能量的约束效应

基于一维弹塑性磁流体力学程序（SSS-MHD）,研究了反场构型（FRC）等离子体靶在磁驱动固体套筒压缩过程中强磁场对α粒子能量约束效应,分析了α粒子的非局域和局域自加热对FRC等离子靶压缩峰值温度的影响,以及α粒子能量在整个压缩过程中端部损失效应。等离子体部分采用多温单流体的模型,能量的计算中引入了DT离子、电子及α粒子多成分温度的能量方程,同时考虑了等离子体压缩过程热平衡下的核反应和非局域自加热问题。研究结果表明,磁化靶聚变等离子体在压缩过程中具有较好的稳定性,能够保持刚性转子的靶结构,压缩过程形成的强磁场能够将α粒子的能量约束在O点附近的区域,有利于等离子体靶的点火及燃烧;α粒子对等离子体的自加热效应主要集中在等离子体电流中心区,而非等离子体中心轴处;α粒子对DT等离子体局域和非局域自加热过程存在差异,局域自加热过程的功率大于非局域自加热过程的功率,FRC等离子靶压缩峰值状态温度相差0.5倍。在反场构型的刮离层区,α粒子的能量端部损失在FRC等离子体靶的压缩和膨胀过程中逐渐增大。