甲基化的β-环糊精与十六烷基三甲基溴化胺的相互作用

环糊精与表面活性剂的相互作用已有许多研究,但多局限于β－环糊精（β－CD）,而修饰的β－环糊精与表面活性剂的相互作用研究较少[1－3]．分子内扭转电荷转移（TICT）激发态对介质极性高度敏感性,已成功地用于探针环糊精与表面活性剂的相互作用[4]．研究表明,β－CD能够诱     

Micellization of Cationic Surfactant Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide in Mixed Water-Alcohol Media

The effect of methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol on cmc and degree of counter ion binding, β, of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been studied conductometrically. The micellization of CTAB in these water-alcohol media have been found to be both dependent on nature as well as the concentration of alcohol in water. The cmc values shift toward higher concentration with increase in alcoholic content up to certain concentration beyond which decrease in cmc is registered in case of all the alcohols. However, the maximum in the cmc versus concentration of alcohol shifts to lower concentration with the increase in number of carbons in alcohol. β shows the inverse peaked behaviour in conformity with the cmc variation. The effects viz. solvent modifying tendency of alcohols and their tendency of penetration into the micelles have been used to interpret their effect on micellization of CTAB.     

Triplet excitation dynamics of β-carotene studied in three solvents by ns flash photolysis spectroscopy

Upon anthracene-sensitizing, triplet excitation dynamics of β-carotene(β-Car) were studied in nhexane, in methanol, and in acetonitrile, respectively, by ns flash photolysis spectroscopy. In n-hexane,only the bleaching of the ground state absorption(GSB) and the excitation triplet(~3Car*) absorption were observed, and there were no cationic species detected. In both methanol and acetonitrile, similar excitation dynamics were observed, i.e.,~3Car* having a similar lifetime to that in n-hexane, and the immediate generation of the cation dehydrodimer(~#[Car]2~+) upon excitation following transformation into the radical cation Car*~+, since Car*~+ has much longer lifetime in acetonitrile than in methanol. The results prove that both solvent and carotenoid structure determine the triplet excitation mechanism.     

Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide as a Regulator in Paper Separation of Pentachlorophenol Herbicide and Methyl Orange Dye

An experimental investigation is presented for separation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and methyl orange (MO) from an aqueous solution by use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a regulator in the paper capillary permeation adsorption process (PCPA). The effects of pH, concentration of CTAB, and ionic strength on the separatability of the molecules were studied. The maximum separatability of nearly 100% PCP and MO was obtained in the optimum pH range 5–11 and 7–11, respectively. The ionic strength has an appreciable effect on separatability. The recovery of PCP and MO from paper by elution with acetone: isooctane solvent gradients was also studied. The selective separation of PCP and MO admixed in aqueous solution by a developed solvent elution technique was also reported. It was believed that PCP and MO were separated as their ion pairs with CTA cations by adsorption on the fiber surface.     

New Screen‐Printed Ion‐Selective Electrodes for Potentiometric Titration of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide in Different Civilic Media

The performance of home‐made printed carbon ink in the fabrication of a simple screen‐printed carbon paste electrodes (SPCPEs) was studied. Such electrodes are applied for the potentiometric titration and hence determination of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in different pharmaceuticals and water samples. The performances of the new screen printed electrodes towards CTAB are compared with those for carbon paste, coated‐wire, coated graphite and polyvinyl chloride electrodes. SPCPEs have been successfully used for the potentiometric titration of CTAB in the analytical grad solutions, with a potential jump amounts to 1050 mV. The effect of plasticizer type, carbon content, binding materials, printing ink formulation, response time and printing process are optimized. The method is applied for pharmaceutical preparations with a percentage recovery of 99.20 % and RSD=0.45. The electrodes passes a near‐Nernstian cationic slope of 58.70±1.3 and 56.32±2.4 mV and lower detection limit of 6.8×10^?7 and 5.80×10^?7 M with a reproducibility of 0.145 and 3.25 % and response time of about 3 s and exhibit adequate shelf‐life of 6 and 2 months for SPCPE and CPE, respectively. The frequently used CTAB of analytical and technical grade as well as different water samples has been successfully titrated and the results obtained agreed with those obtained with commercial electrode and standard two phase titration method. The sensitivity of the proposed method is comparable with the official method indicating its possibility to be used in field measurements.     

Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide as a Surface Modifier in Paper Separation of 2,4‐D and Silvex Herbicides from Aqueous Solutions

The paper capillary permeation adsorption (PCPA) separation of 2,4‐D and silvex herbicides from water by the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was studied. The effect of pH, CTAB concentration, and the type of PCPA treatment on separatability has been investigated. A nearly 100% separatability was obtained for each of 2,4‐D and silvex at pH values larger than 7 and 5, respectively. The separatability is greater than that without an addition of CTAB. It was confirmed that 2,4‐D and silvex are adsorbed as molecules on the fiber surface that contains ion pairs CTA⁺COO^? formed by the combination of CTA⁺ cations with the carboxyl groups bonded in the fiber surface.     

溴代十六烷基三甲基铵敏化吡罗红B-核酸作用的共振光散射增强法测定核酸

基于表面活性剂溴代十六烷基三甲基铵（CTMAB）对吡罗红B-核酸作用的共振光散射增强效应有敏化作用,建立了一种高灵敏测定核酸的新方法。在pH7．4时,吡罗红B在328nm处的共振光散射的增强与核酸浓度有良好的线性关系。在最佳实验条件下,对小牛胸腺DNA（ct-DNA）、鲱鱼精DNA（fs-DNA）、酵母RNA（yeast—RNA）测定的线性范围分别为0．0～1．2mg／L、0．0～0．8mg／L和0．04～1．4mg／L。检出限分别为6．1μg／L、11．2μg／L和8．6μg／L。该法简便、快捷、重现性好,对合成样品进行了测定,结果令人满意。     

Activation of β2-Adrenergic Receptor Induced by Three Catecholamine Agonists: a Docking and Molecular Dynamics Study

We studied the activation of β₂-adrenergic receptor(β₂AR) by norepinephrine, epinephrine and isoproterenol using docking and molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. The simulation was done on the assumption that β₂AR was surrounded with explicit water and infinite lipid bilayer membrane at body temperature. So the result should be close to that under the physiological conditions. We calculated the structure of binding sites in β₂AR for the three activators. We also simulated the change of the conformation of β₂AR in the transmembrane regions(TMs), in the molecular switches, and in the conserved DRY(Aspartic acid, Arginine and Tyrosine) motif. This study provides detailed information concerning the structure of β₂AR during activation process.     

保留型与反转型β-木糖苷酶活性位点的分子动力学模拟

木聚糖是潜在的重要可再生能源, 如何提高其降解效率已成为近年来的研究热点. β-木糖苷酶是木聚糖降解过程中的关键酶之一, 按其水解机制可分为保留型与反转型酶. 目前虽然对于这两种催化机制的研究不断深入, 但很少有工作从溶液环境的角度出发探究它们的差异. 本文采用分子动力学模拟方法, 对4 个典型的β-木糖苷酶进行了显式溶剂模拟研究, 详细分析了酶的催化氨基酸间的距离和质子供体氨基酸pK_a值的动态变化. 结果显示, 反转型酶催化氨基酸间的距离约为0.8-1.0 nm, 大于保留型的0.5-0.6 nm, 与先前对糖苷酶晶体结构的统计分析结果一致. 令人意外的是, 保留型酶的质子供体通过与其附近组氨酸的相互作用, 其pK_a在两个不同的高、低值之间交替变换, 使保留型酶的双取代反应得以发生; 而反转型酶的质子供体则由附近的天冬氨酸调节, 其pK_a稳定在某个较高值, 这可能有利于其在反应pH值下获得水溶液中的氢离子, 进行反转型酶特有的单取代反应. 因此, 本工作加深了人们对β-木糖苷酶保留型与反转型水解机制的认识, 并为后续酶的理性改造与高效利用提供具有指导价值的结构与机理信息.     

Microenvironment Effect on the Location Distribution of Phenothiazine in Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide/<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Pentanol/H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O W/O and Bi-continuous Microemulsions

In cetyltrimethylammonium/n-pentanol/H₂O W/O (W/O = water in oil microemulsion) mixtures and bi-continuous microemulsions, phenothiazine (PTZ) molecules exist in the membrane phase of the dispersion either with the N atom or with the S atom pointed toward the polar head of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTAB). Cyclic voltammetry has been used to investigate the effects of the compositions and structures of the microemulsions, pH, and the salt on the location distribution of PTZ in the membrane phase of the dispersion in CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O W/O and bi-continuous microemulsions. The results show that the location distribution of PTZ in the membrane phase of the dispersion in microemulsions is mainly dependent on the hydrogen bond between PTZ and n-C₅H₁₁OH (or the counterion), and on the electrostatic attractive interaction between the N atom in PTZ and the polar head of CTAB.     

Difluoroboron β-diketonate dye with intense red/near-infrared fluorescence in solutions and solid states

We reported a difluoroboron β-diketonate dye that displays bright red/NIR fluorescence in both solutions and solid states.     

表面活性离子液体溴化N-十二烷基异喹啉与非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100在水溶液中的混合胶束

用等温滴定微量热法测定表面活性离子液体溴化N-十二烷基异喹啉([C₁₂iQuin]Br)与非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100混合物在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度。并以¹H核磁共振(NMR)和二维核Overhauser效应增强谱(2D NOESY)研究[C₁₂iQuin]Br与Triton X-100在混合胶束中的作用机理。研究结果显示：混合胶束中,Triton X-100分子的苯环定位于混合胶束的内核,聚氧乙烯链卷曲在异喹啉环周围。本文还应用规则溶液理论和浊点法对比研究了十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)-Triton X-100混合胶束体系的相关性质。     

分子动力学模拟方法研究结构水在糖原合成酶激酶-3β中的作用

用分子动力学模拟的方法揭示了结构水分子在糖原合成酶激酶-3β(GSK-3β)中的作用. 如果没有结构水, ATP嘌呤环的结合位置将发生偏移以填补结构水留下的空间; ATP结合口袋中的氢键网络将被破坏, 保守残基Lys85与ATP的磷酸根侧链只能形成一个保守氢键, 无法维持磷酸根转移所需的线性关系; 由于失去了氢键网络的稳定作用, Glu97和Lys85会向远离ATP的方向移动, 并导致Arg96的侧链发生偏转, 使Arg96无法保持与Arg180和Lys205之间正常的相对位置, 最终影响GSK-3β与底物的结合.     

Interaction of β‐Cyclodextrin with Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide in the Presence of Neutral Red and Its Application to the Spectrophotometric Determination of β‐Cyclodextrin

The effects of addition of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) to the neutral red‐cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) associates in pH 7 phosphate buffer solutions were investigated. Addition of β‐CD to neutral red‐CTAB association causes decomposition of the associate by displacement of neutral red with β‐CD. The inclusion complex of CTAB with β‐CD is more stable than that with neutral red. The results indicate that formation of inclusion complex of CTAB with β‐CD prevents its association with neutral red, and inclusion complex formation of β‐CD and neutral red in the presence of CTAB takes place after total consumption of CTAB. The competition of β‐CD and neutral red on the interaction with CTAB can be used for the simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of β‐CD.     

非线形CS2 分子单重态和三重态的密度泛函理论

The geometrical optimizations on nonlinear CS2 in the singlet and triplet states have been made using two Density Function Theory（DFT）methods（B3LYP and B3PW91）with 6-311+G* and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets. Three Singlet states 1A1 and five triplet states（3A2、3B1 and 3B2）have been found,and the frequency analysis confirms that there are no image frequencies for these states,indicating that they are geniune minima at the potential energy surface. At their respective equilibrium geometries,the lowest-lying electronic states are predicted to have an energy ordering by 4t 3B2相似文献   

分子动力学模拟研究β-BAB2O4熔体的结构

The local structure of β-BaB2O4 melt at 1400 K has been studied by using the method of molecular dynamics simulation. The radial functions simulated show agreement with the recent experimental results of X-ray diffraction. The calculation of bond order parameters indicates that the local structure of the melt can be described by the model of linear combination of 0.11 tetrahedrons BO4 and 0.89 planar triangles BO3. In the process of crystal growth the existing of many planar triangles BO3 in the melt maybe favorable for the forming of planar boroxol rings B3O6 near the crystal interface. The statistics of rings and chains have been done and some isolated BO3, pyroborate B2O5,chain（－B－O－）n and isolated B3O6 rings are found in the melt which is in agreement with HTRS experimental results. A large (－B－O－)n network is also found and it is suggested that the planar BO3 units are mainly existed in the network but isolated.     

β 沸石中铝的状态及归属

The states of aluminum in zeolites β were investigated with FTIR spectroscopy. Three kinds of aluminium, framework, nonframework and transient state aluminium, were detected in template-removed zeolite β. The states of aluminium in our samples strongly depends on the nature of the compensating cation, consistent with Brougeat-Lami et al's conclusion. But some new assignments of aluminum species and new opinions about the states of aluminum and their transformation are proposed. From the experimental results, we suggest that, the distortion and tension of zeolite lattice occur when protons, which possess high electron affinity , are located at cationic sites, leading to the breakage of Al-- O bond and the removal of aluminium. The distortion is released when H+ is replaced by other cations (e.g. Na+ ) so that transient state aluminium can go back into the framework, while the cationic nonframework aluminium species enter the solution upon the ion-exchange.     

Self‐Assembly of Two Agents in a Core‐Shell‐Corona Multicompartment Micelle Studied by Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations

Summary: Dissipative particle dynamics simulations are performed on the distributions of two agents in a core‐shell‐corona multicompartment micelle. The simulated results show that when the agents are weakly hydrophobic, their distributions in the multicompartment micelle are largely affected by the interactions between the agents and the blocks; while for strongly hydrophobic agents, the self‐assembly of solubilized species in the micelle is also affected largely by the interactions between the species. This work confirms that a multicompartment micelle can store two agents within separate nanoscopic compartments simultaneously, and shows that the distributions of the agents can be tailored easily by changing the interactions presented. This provides molecular‐level information that is useful for the future rational design of new micellar systems with tailored properties.

Simulated cross sections of the multicompartment micelles with strongly hydrophobic solubilized agents (the solvent and block A are omitted for clarity, block B is dark gray, block C is light gray, agent P is white, and agent Q is black).     

二面角动力学分析结合Zn2+的淀粉样蛋白Aβ40和Aβ42的多态性特征

淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ)和金属离子与阿尔茨海默病的发病机理密切相关,金属离子与Aβ的相互作用如何导致Aβ动力学行为的变化是从分子水平上理解金属离子调控Aβ聚集生成具有细胞毒性的寡聚体的关键问题之一.利用二面角动力学分析策略,即结合粗粒度模型分析结合Zn2+的Aβ40(Aβ40-Zn2+)和Aβ42(Aβ42-Zn2+)单个二面角的势能分布,利用二面角主成分分析刻画Aβ40-Zn2+和Aβ42-Zn2+的二维势能面,以及应用马尔科夫模型建立Aβ40-Zn2+和Aβ42-Zn2+构象转变的动态网络.结果表明:Aβ40-Zn2+和Aβ42-Zn2+单个二面角的势能分布具有很大的相似程度,其中由Val24-Gly25-Ser26-Asn27构成的二面角差异最大;Aβ40-Zn2+和Aβ42-Zn2+的势能面均很平坦,反映了结合Zn2+的Aβ构象转变需要克服的能垒较低,不同构象处于动态平衡,呈现多态性的特征;马尔科夫模型进一步揭示了Aβ40-Zn2+和Aβ42-Zn2+构象转变的动态特征,由一定相似程度的构象聚类而成的微观状态均处于折叠网络的中转节点,从动力学上反映了结合Zn2+的Aβ构象转变容易发生.特别的,与实验结果一致,发现β折叠结构在含Zn2+的Aβ构象中作用微小.