微管换热器流动与传热的实验研究

本文对自制微管换热器的流动与传热性能进行了实验研究。提出了微细圆管换热器管内单相强制对流换热努摩尔数准则式,并与已有相关文献提出的关联式做了对比,结果表明:微管管内换热系数比常规尺度计算公式预测值要高,同时本文分析了微细管内的压力降、摩擦阻力系数f随雷诺数的关系。研究表明微管管内压降、摩擦系数都比常规尺度预测值要高。     

含不同形状内热源的圆管内纳米流体自然对流及换热数值研究

采用格子玻尔兹曼方法对有三种恒温热源(圆形、三角形、方形)参与的圆管内纳米流体(铜-水)自然对流进行数值研究.主要研究瑞利(Ra)数,纳米颗粒体积分数以及热源几何形状等控制参数对纳米流体的流动与传热的影响.结果发现纳米颗粒体积分数的增加有利于强化传热,且在Ra数较小时,平均努塞尔(Nu)数增加的幅度要优于Ra数较大的情...     

Upshot of Chemical Species and Nonlinear Thermal Radiation on Oldroyd-B Nanofluid Flow Past a Bi-directional Stretched Surface with Heat Generation/Absorption ina Porous Media

A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed to examine the flow of nonlinear thermal radiation Oldroyd-B nanofluid past a bidirectional linearly stretched surface in a porous medium. The flow is induced by temperature dependent thermal conductivity, chemical reaction and convective heat and mass conditions. Novel characteristics of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are accompanied by magnetohydrodynamic and heat generation/absorption. Self-similar transformations are employed to convert the system of nonlinear partial differential equations to a system of ordinary differential equations with high nonlinearity and are solved by strong analytic technique named as Homotopy Analysis method (HAM). Effects of varied arising parameters on involved distributions are reflected through graphical illustrations. From this study, it is perceived that strong magnetic field hinders the fluid's motion and leads to rise in temperature that eventually lowers heat transfer rate from the surface. Further, decrease in heat transfer rate is also observed for enhanced values of thermal radiation parameter. To validate our results, a comparison with already published paper in limiting case is also given and results are found in excellent oncurrence; hence reliable results are being presented.     

Simulation of Variable Viscosity and Jeffrey Fluid Model for Blood Flow Through a Tapered Artery with a Stenosis

Non-Newtonian fluid model for blood flow through a tapered artery with a stenosis and variable viscosity by modeling blood as Jeffrey fluid has been studied in this paper.The Jeffrey fluid has two parameters,the relaxation time λ1 and retardation time λ2.The governing equations are simplified using the case of mild stenosis.Perturbation method is used to solve the resulting equations.The effects of non-Newtonian nature of blood on velocity profile,temperature profile,wall shear stress,shearing stress at the stenotsis throat and impedance of the artery are discussed.The results for Newtonian fluid are obtained as special case from this model.     

Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics of Microchannel with Oval-Shaped Micro Pin Fins

A novel microchannel heat sink with oval-shaped micro pin fins (MOPF) is proposed and the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer are studied numerically for Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 157 to 668. In order to study the influence of geometry on flow and heat transfer characteristics, three non-dimensional variables are defined, such as the fin axial length ratio (α), width ratio (β), and height ratio (γ). The thermal enhancement factor (η) is adopted as an evaluation criterion to evaluate the best comprehensive thermal-hydraulic performance of MOPF. Results indicate that the oval-shaped pin fins in the microchannel can effectively prevent the rise of heat surface temperature along the flow direction, which improves the temperature distribution uniformity. In addition, results show that for the studied Reynolds number range and microchannel geometries in this paper, the thermal enhancement factor η increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of α and β. In addition, except for Re = 157, η decreases first and then increases with the increase of the fin height ratio γ. The thermal enhancement factor for MOPF with α = 4, β = 0.3, and γ = 0.5 achieves 1.56 at Re = 668. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of a microchannel heat exchanger.     

碳氢燃料流动换热与裂解反应的建模及仿真

碳氢燃料的化学热沉的释放特性不仅与燃料自身的化学性质有关,还受燃料温度和驻留时间等流动换热因素的影响,是高超声速热防护技术中的重要研究课题。考虑流动换热对裂解反应的影响及裂解反应所引起的组分变化对流动换热过程的影响,本文提出了一个一维非稳态的模型来研究碳氢燃料的裂解反应与流动换热过程的耦合特性.并对不同的温度、工作压力...     

Effects of Heating Load on Flow Resistance and Convective Heat Transfer in Micro-pin-fin Heat Sinks with Different Cross-section Shapes

The flow and convective heat transfer characteristics under different heating loads in micro-pin-fins of circle, diamond and triangle are experimentally investigated with Reynolds number ranging from 0–1,000. The pressure drops, friction factors, thermal resistance and Nusselt number in micro-pin-fins with different cross-section shapes are obtained when the heating load changes from 50 to 150 W. Basing on the experimental results, the mechanisms of the influence of heating load on the resistance and heat transfer characteristics in micro-pin-fins with different cross-section shapes are detailed analysed. It is found that pressure drops in three types of micro-pin-fins all become large with the increase of the heating load, and the change of pressure drop in triangular micro-pin-fins is larger than those in the other two micro-pin-fins. At low Re, the friction factors in the three types of micro-pin-fins become large with the increase of the heating load, but this phenomenon disappears when Re>400 for the circle and diamond micro-pin-fins, and Re>250 for the triangular micro-pin-fins. The convective heat transfer in micro-pin-fins with cross-section shapes of circle, diamond and is enhanced by increasing the heating load, but the convective heat transfer coefficients and Nu in the triangular micro-pin-fins becomes slightly smaller when Re>250.     

Impact of Internal Heat Source on Mixed Convective Transverse Transport of Viscoplastic Material under Viscosity Variation

This communication addresses the impact of heat source/sink along with mixed convection on oblique flow of Casson fluid having variable viscosity. Similarity analysis has been utilized to model governing equations, which are simplified to set of nonlinear differential equations. Computational procedure of shooting algorithm along with 4th order Range-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme is opted to attain the velocity and temperature distributions. Impact of imperative parameters on Casson fluid flow, temperature, significant physical quantities such as skin friction, local heat flux and streamlines are displayed via graphs.     

Mixed Convection Heat and Mass Transfer in a Micropolar Fluid with Soret and Dufour Effects

A mathematical model for the steady, mixed convection heat and mass transfer along a semi-infinite vertical plate embedded in a micropolar fluid in the presence of Soret and Dufour effects is presented. The non-linear governing equations and their associated boundary conditions are initially cast into dimensionless forms using local similarity transformations. The resulting system of equations is then solved numerically using the Keller-box method. The numerical results are compared and found to be in good agreement with previously published results as special cases of the present investigation. The non-dimensional velocity, microrotation, temperature and concentration profiles are displayed graphically for different values of coupling number, Soret and Dufour numbers. In addition, the skin-friction coefficient, the Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown in a tabular form.     

Modeling Chemically Reactive Flow of Sutterby Nanofluid by a Rotating Disk in Presence of Heat Generation/Absorption

In this article we investigate the flow of Sutterby liquid due to rotating stretchable disk. Mass and heat transport are analyzed through Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis. Further the effects of magnetic field, chemical reaction and heat source are also accounted. We employ transformation procedure to obtain a system of nonlinear ODE's. This system is numerically solved by Built-in-Shooting method. Impacts of different involved parameter on velocity, temperature and concentration are described. Velocity, concentration and temperature gradients are numerically computed. Obtained results show that velocity is reduced through material parameter. Temperature and concentration are enhanced with thermophoresis parameter.     

磁流体热疗中热质传递耦合作用研究

为研究肿瘤磁流体热疗过程中温度梯度与浓度梯度间的耦合效应对磁微粒的弥散及肿瘤内传热的影响,本文根据非平衡热力学唯象定律建立了包含浓度场及温度场的耦合传热传质模型,以常数形式的热扩散系数表征温度梯度对传质过程的影响程度。通过有限元法求解,得到考虑双场耦合作用时肿瘤内的浓度分布和温度分布。模拟结果表明,与不考虑耦合效应的情...     

The Effects of Wettability on Primary Vortex and Secondary Flow in Three-Dimensional Rotating Fluid

The secondary flow driven by the primary vortex in a cylinder,generating the so called "tea leaf paradox",is fundamental for understanding many natural phenomena,industrial applications and scientific researches.In this work,the effect of wettability on the primary vortex and secondary flow is investigated by the three-dimensional multiphase lattice Boltzmann method based on a chemical potential.We find that the surface wettability strongly affects the shape of the primary vortex.With the increase of the contact angle of the cylinder,the sectional plane of the primary vortex gradually changes from a steep valley into a saddle with two raised parts.Because the surface friction is reduced correspondingly,the core of the secondary vortex moves to the centerline of the cylinder and the vortex intensity also increases.The stirring force has stronger effects to enhance the secondary flow and push the vortex up than the surface wettability.Interestingly,a small secondary vortex is discovered near the three-phase contact line when the surface has a moderate wettability,owing to the interaction between the secondary flow and the curved gas/liquid interface.     

超临界二氧化碳在突扩管中对流换热的流动特性研究

对流动分岔后的超临界二氧化碳在平面对称突扩管中进行强迫对流换热进行了数值模拟,研究了热流密度在流体发生流动分岔现象后流动特性的影响。计算结果表明:随着热流密度的增加,临界雷诺数和转换雷诺数减小,流动稳定性遭到削弱;对应于相同的雷诺数,由于流动分岔引起的不对称压力分布随着热流密度的增加对应于突扩管上、下半部有不同变化规律,这使得对应回流区的大小分别减小和增大。     

Internal Flow Patterns on Heat Transfer Performance of a Closed-Loop Oscillating Heat Pipe with Check Valves

This article presents the experimental results of an evaluation of the influence of internal flow patterns on the heat transfer performance of a closed-loop oscillating heat pipe with check valves. It was found that the internal flow patterns could be classified according to four flow patterns: dispersed bubble flow, bubble flow, slug flow, and annular flow, respectively. The main regime of each flow pattern can be determined from a flow pattern map. The map can be used to predict the trend of the heat transfer rate in the closed-loop oscillating heat pipe with check valves.     

六面体单元上的控制体有限元方法

针对四面体单元在三维几何域的网格剖分中单元数过大，导致计算中过多占用机时与内存的问题，建立了六面体单元上的控制体有限元方法，采用散度定理将对结点所建立在控制体上的体积分转化为在相应控制面上的面积分，使之对对流项变量可采用迎风插值格式，通过算例表明，在受计算机内存及速度的限制下，该方法可作为三维流动与传热问题数值模拟的一种有效方法。     

微通道换热器大温差条件下流动换热研究

随着高效预冷器在航天航空领域发挥越来越重要的作用,紧凑高效换热器的研究成为了人们关注的热点。本文基于紧凑微通道换热器的几何特征,针对矩形截面平行流道换热器内超临界压力低温流体(氢和氦)在大温差条件下的流动换热现象进行数值模拟研究。通道截面边长小于1 mm,热流体氦和冷流体氢的进出口温差均大于600 K。通道内流体换热系数在顺流和逆流条件下有不同的变化趋势,并出现峰值。换热量随着通道宽度的增大而增大,流动压降随着通道宽度的增大而减小。冷热流体逆流时换热量大,压降较小,但对换热器材料要求较高。     

微通道换热器大温差条件下流动换热研究

随着高效预冷器在航天航空领域发挥越来越重要的作用,紧凑高效换热器的研究成为了人们关注的热点。本文基于紧凑微通道换热器的几何特征,针对矩形截面平行流道换热器内超临界压力低温流体(氢和氦)在大温差条件下的流动换热现象进行数值模拟研究。通道截面边长小于1 mm,热流体氦和冷流体氢的进出口温差均大于600 K。通道内流体换热系数在顺流和逆流条件下有不同的变化趋势,并出现峰值。换热量随着通道宽度的增大而增大,流动压降随着通道宽度的增大而减小。冷热流体逆流时换热量大,压降较小,但对换热器材料要求较高。     

周期性波纹通道内换热与流动的数值研究

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLER算法,数值研究了一种紧凑换热器中波纹通道内周期性充分发展的层流流动与换热情况,流动Re数的范围为100~1100,Pr数为0.7.计算考察了不同波纹高度、波纹间距对流动与换热的影响,并对模型参数进行了性能评价.计算结果表明,整体Nu数及fRe数随着流动Re数的增加而增加.随着波纹高度的增加或波纹间距的减小,换热增强,特别是在高Re数下波纹高度的增加更加强化换热.最佳波纹高度和间距分别为1.15 mm和13 mm.     

Mixed Convection in Viscoelastic Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Sheet

An investigation is carried out on mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible and electrically conducting viscoelastic fluid over a linearly stretching surface in which the heat transfer includes the effects of viscous dissipation, elastic deformation, thermal radiation, and non-uniform heat source/sink for two general types of non-isothermal boundary conditions. The governing partial differential equations for the fluid flow and temperature are reduced to a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations which are solved analytically using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Graphical and numerical demonstrations of the convergence of the HAM solutions are provided, and the effects of various parameters on the skin friction coefficient and wall heat transfer are tabulated. In addition, it is demonstrated that previously reported solutions of the thermal energy equation given in [1] do not converge at the boundary, and therefore, the boundary derivatives reported are not correct.