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人参中人参皂苷的直接高压微波辅助降解 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用法测定了人参提取液中的人参皂苷. 考察了天然人参皂苷发生降解的条件, 同时研究了单体人参皂苷Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2和Rd的降解, 并对降解产物进行了分析. 结果表明, 随着提取压力的升高, 提取液中天然人参皂苷的含量逐渐减少, 同时产生多种次级人参皂苷. 当微波提取压力达到600 kPa, 提取时间为10 min时, 提取液中的主要天然人参皂苷达到完全降解, 次级人参皂苷Rg3含量达到最高. 在单体人参皂苷Rb1, Rc, Rb2和Rd的降解产物中均得到人参皂苷Rg3. 相似文献
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Fast determination of ginsenosides in ginseng by high‐performance liquid chromatography with chemometric resolution
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Ginseng is a well‐known traditional Chinese medicinal herb, and ginsenosides are its major active components. A method for the fast determination of ginsenosides in ginseng samples by high‐performance liquid chromatography was developed and used for the quantitative analysis of four ginsenosides in three different ginseng samples. In this method, instead of time‐consuming gradient elution, isocratic elution was used to speed up the analysis. Under strong isocratic elution, all the ginsenosides are eluted in 2.3 min. Although the measured signal is composed of overlapped peaks with the interferences and background, the signal of ginsenosides can be extracted by chemometric resolution. A non‐negative immune algorithm was employed to obtain the chromatographic information of the target components from the data. Compared with conventional chemometric approaches, the method can perform the extraction for one‐dimensional overlapping signals. The method was validated by the determination of four ginsenosides in three different ginseng samples. The recoveries of the spiked samples were in the range of 94.08–107.3%. 相似文献
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Ligor T Ludwiczuk A Wolski T Buszewski B 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2005,383(7-8):1098-1105
Ginseng saponins (ginsenosides) were extracted from the root and leaves of locally cultivated American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.). For the isolation of compounds from plant samples three different extraction methods were utilized: accelerated solvent
extraction, the ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction and mechanical shaking assisted solvent extraction. The separation
of compounds was achieved with a water–acetonitrile gradient system using a C18 reversed-phase column. Target compounds were
identified in MS2 and MS3 experiments. The relative distribution of these ginsenosides in each root and leaf extract was established. The limit of
detection of the method was less than 30 ng/ml. Recovery of ginseng saponins in spiked samples exceeded 80%, while the relative
standard deviation ranged from 7.1 to 9.1%. The total concentrations of ginsenosides were 41 and 13 mg/g in root and leaves. 相似文献
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人参与藜芦配伍化学成分变化的HPLC-ESI-MS与ESI-MS研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)和高效液相色谱与电喷雾质谱联用技术(HPLC-ESI-MS), 对人参与藜芦配伍过程中人参皂苷和藜芦生物碱的变化规律进行了系统研究. 在人参与藜芦配伍的共煎液中鉴定出八种人参皂苷, 其中有六种人参皂苷含量有所降低, Rf和Rb2的含量基本不变; 此外还鉴定出八种藜芦生物碱, 其中有六种生物碱的含量随人参加入而明显增高. 人参与藜芦配伍, 煎煮液中人参皂苷的含量下降, 藜芦总碱的含量上升. 人参的加入有利于藜芦生物碱的溶出. 因藜芦总碱的毒性较强, 所以人参“反”藜芦具有一定道理. 相似文献
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建立了快速、灵敏、准确的超高效液相色谱方法,用来分析4种商品人参(人参、红参、人参叶、人参须)中12种人参皂苷的含量,并用化学计量学方法评价了商品人参的质量。采用ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm),以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱。对所建立的测定12种人参皂苷的UPLC方法进行了线性方程、准确度、重复性、回收率等方法学考察。采用聚类分析和主成分分析的化学计量学方法对4种商品人参进行分析,评价了其质量。结果表明聚类分析和主成分分析2种化学计量学方法非常适合大样本、多成分的中药材质量分析。 相似文献
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Rong-Rong Zhou Jian-Hua Huang Dan He Zi-Yang Yi Di Zhao Zhao Liu Shui-Han Zhang Lu-Qi Huang 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(10)
In this study, a green and effective extraction method was proposed to extract two main compounds, ginsenosides and polysaccharides, from American ginseng by combining deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with aqueous two-phase systems. The factors of type of DESs, water content in DESs, the solid–liquid ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time were studied in the solid–liquid extraction. Then, the aqueous two-phase system (DESs-ethylene oxide–propylene oxide (EOPO)) and salty solution exchange (EOPO-salty solution) was applied for the purification of polysaccharides. The content of the polysaccharides and ginsenosides were analyzed by the anthrone–sulfuric acid method and HPLC method, which showed that the extraction efficiency of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was better than conventional methods. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of ginseng polysaccharides and their cytotoxicity were further assayed. The advantages of the current study are that, throughout the whole extraction process, we avoided the usage of an organic reagent. Furthermore, the separated green solvent DESs and EOPO could be recovered and reused for a next cycle. Thus, this study proposed a new, green and recyclable extraction method for extracting ginsenosides and polysaccharides from American ginseng. 相似文献
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固相萃取-超临界流体色谱-质谱联用同时快速测定中成药和保健食品中的12种抗过敏化学药物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了固相萃取-超临界流体色谱-质谱联用(SPE-SFC-MS/MS)快速检测中成药和保健食品中12种抗过敏化学药物的分析方法。样品经甲醇超声提取,Oasis MCX固相萃取柱净化。采用Waters Trefoil CEL1色谱柱(150 mm×3.0 mm,2.5 μ m),以CO2为流动相A,甲醇-氨水(100:0.1,v/v)为流动相B,进行梯度洗脱。流速为1.2 mL/min,柱温和背压分别为45℃和12.4×106 Pa。12种抗过敏化学药物以电喷雾离子源在正离子或负离子模式下用多反应监测(MRM)方式进行监测,整个分析过程在10 min内完成。结果表明,12种化学药物在5~250 μ g/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均≥ 0.998,检出限(LOD)为0.141~0.262 μ g/L,定量限(LOQ)为0.703~1.308 μ g/L。3种加标水平(10、20和100 μ g/L)下,12种化学药物的平均回收率为76.1%~112.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%~8.3%。该法简便,灵敏性高,实用性强,可用于抗过敏类中成药和保健食品中非法添加抗过敏化学药物的检测。 相似文献
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人参与附子、黄连配伍的HPLC-ESI-MS研究及抗氧化活性测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用高效液相色谱与电喷雾质谱联用技术(HPLC-ESI-MS)对不同比例的人参与附子或黄连的水煎液、药渣和沉淀进行研究, 共鉴定了8种人参皂苷, 发现加入附子或黄连后, 溶液中人参皂苷含量明显减少, 进一步研究证明附子或黄连中的某些成分阻止了皂苷的溶出; 同时以抗坏血酸作对照, 应用铁离子还原/抗氧化能力测定法(FRAP)测定了人参单煎液及人参与附子、黄连共煎液中正丁醇提取物和水提取物的抗氧化活性. 结果证明, 共煎液中正丁醇提取物的抗氧化活性高于人参单煎液, 同时也高于人参与附子或黄连单煎混合液的抗氧化活性, 但水提取物抗氧化活性的变化规律有所不同, 这可能与煎煮过程中物质之间的相互作用有关. 相似文献
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Red ginseng has been gradually discovered to have pharmacological and physiological effects. It is well known that the most important bioactive components of ginseng are ginsenosides. The nootropic effect of ginsenosides from nine different red ginseng extracts was evaluated here. Nine groups of mice were perfused with different concentrations of nine red ginseng extracts, respectively, and two groups of mice with distilled water. The nootropic effect of ginsenosides on mice was evaluated with behavior tests and a biochemical indicator study. The extracts were identified by rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(RRLC-Q-TOF-MS). Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) was used to analyze the contribution of chemical components from different ginseng groups. The extracts with the most and the weakest effective nootropic were found. It is notable that extract processing is a very important factor to decide pharmacological functions of ginseng extracts. As a conclusion, the most effective extract method for ginsenosides has been found. A panel of 13 ginsenosides has been screened out as chemical markers with nootropic effect, which include high level ginsenosides Ra0, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rd, and Rg1 and low level ginsenosides mRb1, mRc, mRb2, mRd, and F2. Low level ginsenosides were first time to be discovered as possible nootropic compounds. This method may shed light on fast discovery of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants with low level compounds. 相似文献
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Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), a perennial herb, possesses immunostimulatory, anticarcinogenic, antiemetic, and antioxidative biological activities. In recent years, more and more people have paid attention to the extraction methods and quality evaluation of ginseng. China, the United States, Europe, Japan, and Korea have all had the quality standards and content determination methods of ginseng. The different treatment methods are adopted before the determination of ginseng samples and the content limits of the index components, such as ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, and ginsenoside Re exist differences. The similarities and differences of ginseng content detection methods in pharmacopoeias of different countries have been analyzed by a research group, but the comparison of the effects of different methods on the ginsenoside content and structural transformation has not been reported. In this paper, ginsenosides in ginseng were extracted according to four national pharmacopoeias and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS and HPLC-UV. It was illustrated that the pretreatment method has a significant influence on the content determination of ginseng. The yield of rare saponins was increased by heating concluded from both the qualitative and quantitative comparison. Finally, a simple and feasible extraction method was optimized by response surface method at room temperature. The analysis of the preparation method and process optimization of the four pharmacopoeias can provide important reference information for the revision of ginseng standards. 相似文献
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液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱法分析人参中的人参皂甙 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了用反相高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱(HPLC/APCI-MS)分析人参皂甙的方法。液相色谱采用乙腈-水流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用正负离子同时扫描并结合二级质谱进行定性,用选择反应离子模式(SRM)测定检测限。实验发现虽然人参皂甙是热不稳定物质,但在大气压化学电离质谱的高温汽化过程中仍能检测到很强的负离子分子离子峰,而且随着汽化温度的升高,人参皂甙的负离子分子离子峰的强度增加。该方法对人参皂甙Rb1和Rg1的检测限分别为1.2×10-13 g和3.0×10-14 g,并检测出白参中包括丙二酰人参皂甙在内的29种人参皂甙。该法灵敏度高,重复性好,结果准确,能有效地对药材提取物中的多种人参皂甙进行检测和结构分析。 相似文献
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ZHANG Yu-chi PI Zi-feng LIU Chun-ming SONG Feng-rui LIU Zhi-qiang LIU Shu-ying 《高等学校化学研究》2012,28(1):31-36
A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry( HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the analysis and identification of ginsenosides in the extracts of raw Panax ginseng(RPG) and steamed Panax ginseng at high temperatures(SPGHT). A total of 25 ginsenosides were extracted include of which 10 low-polar ginsenosides, such as ginsenosides F4, Rk3, Rh4, 20S-Rg3, 20R-Rg3 and so on, were identified according to their HPLC retention time and MS/MS data. The results indicated that the low polar ginsenosides were seldom found in RPG. For the exploration of the transformation pattern of the ginsenosides in steam processing, the standards of ginsenosides Re, Rg1, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd were selected and hydrolyzed at a temperature of 120 ℃. The results show that these polar ginsenosides can be converted to low-polar ginsenosides such as Rg2, Rg6, F4, Rk3 and Rg5 by hydrolyzing the sugar chains. 相似文献
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液质联用技术研究人参与干姜或赤芍配伍前后人参皂苷及其抗氧化活性的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用高效液相色谱与电喷雾质谱联用技术(HPLC-ESI-MS),对不同质量比的人参与干姜或赤芍配伍过程中人参皂苷的变化进行了研究,发现随加入的干姜量增加,共煎液中的人参皂苷含量依次降低;少量的赤芍可以使各皂苷的溶出量增加;同时测定了人参单煎液、人参与干姜、赤芍共煎液中正丁醇提取物和水提物的抗氧化活性。 以抗坏血酸(500 μmol/L)作对照,人参与干姜、赤芍配伍溶液的抗氧化活性比人参单煎液要好,同时人参与干姜、赤芍共煎液中正丁醇提取物的FRAP(铁离子还原/抗氧化能力测定)值分别为1562.29和2969.78 μmol/L,高于人参与2种药单煎液(1260.27和2502.07 μmol/L)之和。 相似文献
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A new extraction method for ginsenosides from ginseng roots, ginseng leaves and ginseng drug preparations by Sep-Pak C18 cartridges has been studied. Ginsenoside extraction by Sep-Pak cartridges is a rapid, efficient, reproducible method. In addition, the extracts were analyzed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The major components of ginseng saponins were effectively separated using an ODS-120T column. 相似文献
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建立了用于聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑料中短链氯化石蜡(SCCPs)含量测定的气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱法。采用超声萃取法对PVC塑料中的SCCPs进行萃取,萃取时间为1.5 h;然后用浓硫酸法对萃取溶液进行净化处理;最后用气相色谱-质谱法在负化学电离模式、离子源温度为160 ℃、甲烷反应气流速为1.5 mL/min等条件下对样品中的SCCPs进行定性定量分析。该方法不受样品中中链氯化石蜡(MCCPs)的干扰,可对样品中的SCCPs进行准确的定量分析。分析的12批次样品均检出SCCPs,含量在0.3×102~3.5×104mg/kg范围内。依据欧盟对SCCP的限值(1%)要求,4批次样品不符合法规要求,不符合率为33.3%。可见,PVC塑料具有较高的SCCPs污染风险。 相似文献