Riesz transforms for multi-dimensional Laguerre function expansions

Riesz transforms and conjugate Poisson integrals for multi-dimensional Laguerre function expansions of type α are defined and investigated. It is proved that for any multi-index α=(α₁,…,αd) such that αi?−1/2, the appropriately defined Riesz-Laguerre transforms , j=1,2,…,d, are Calderón-Zygmund operators in the sense of the associated space of homogeneous type, hence their mapping properties follow from the general theory. Similar results are obtained for all higher order Riesz-Laguerre transforms. The conjugate Poisson integrals are shown to satisfy a system of equations of Cauchy-Riemann type and to recover the Riesz-Laguerre transforms on the boundary.     

Heat-diffusion maximal operators for Laguerre semigroups with negative parameters

We prove L^p boundedness for the maximal operator of the heat semigroup associated to the Laguerre functions, , when the parameter α is greater than -1. Namely, the maximal operator is of strong type (p,p) if p>1 and , when -1<α<0. If α?0 there is strong type for 1<p?∞. The behavior at the end points is studied in detail.     

Bornitude et continuité de la transformation de Lévy en analyse

In our previous papers (Adv. in Math. 138 (1) (1998) 182; Potential Anal. 12 (2000) 419), we have obtained a decomposition of |f|, where f is a function defined on , that is analogous to the one proved by H. Tanaka for martingales (the so-called “Tanaka formula”). More precisely, the decomposition has the form , where is (a variant of ) the density of the area integral associated with f. This functional (introduced by R.F. Gundy in his 1983 paper (The density of area integral, Conference on Harmonic Analysis in Honor of Antoni Zygmund. Wadsworth, Belmont, CA, 1983, pp. 138-149.)) can be viewed as the counterpart of the local time in Euclidean harmonic analysis. In this paper, we are interested in boundedness and continuity properties of the mapping (which we call the Lévy transform in analysis) on some classical function or distribution spaces. As was shown in [4,5], the above (non-linear) decomposition is bounded in L^p for every p∈[1,+∞[, i.e. one has , where C_p is a constant depending only on p. Nevertheless our methods (roughly speaking, the Calderón-Zygmund theory in [4], stochastic calculus and martingale inequalities in [5]) both gave constants C_p whose order of magnitude near 1 is O(1/(p−1)). The aim of this paper is two-fold: first, we improve the preceding result and we answer a natural question, by proving that the best constants C_p are bounded near 1. Second, we prove that the Lévy transform is continuous on the Hardy spaces H^p with p>n/(n+1).     

The Bellman functions of dyadic-like maximal operators and related inequalities

For each p>1 we precisely evaluate the main Bellman functions associated with the dyadic maximal operator on and the dyadic Carleson imbedding theorem. Actually, we do that in the more general setting of tree-like maximal operators. These provide refinements of the sharp L^p inequalities for those operators. For this we introduce an effective linearization for such maximal operators on an adequate set of functions.     

Riesz transforms and conjugacy for Laguerre function expansions of Hermite type

Riesz transforms and conjugate Poisson integrals for multi-dimensional Laguerre function expansions of Hermite type with index α are defined and investigated. It is proved that for any multi-index α=(α₁,…,αd) such that αi?−1/2, αi∉(−1/2,1/2), the appropriately defined Riesz transforms , j=1,2,…,d, are Calderón-Zygmund operators, hence their mapping properties follow from a general theory. Similar mapping results are obtained in one dimension, without excluding α∈(−1/2,1/2), by means of a local Calderón-Zygmund theory and weighted Hardy's inequalities. The conjugate Poisson integrals are shown to satisfy a system of Cauchy-Riemann type equations and to recover the Riesz-Laguerre transforms on the boundary. The two specific values of α, (−1/2,…,−1/2) and (1/2,…,1/2), are distinguished since then a connection with Riesz transforms for multi-dimensional Hermite function expansions is established.     

Dimension free estimates for discrete Riesz transforms on products of abelian groups

Let G be a lca group with a fixed g₀∈G, spanning an infinite subgroup. Let τ_j, acting on L²(Gⁿ), be translation by g_o in the jth coordinate; the discrete derivatives ∂_j=I−τ_j define a discrete Laplacian and discrete Riesz transforms . We get dimension-free estimates

     

Riesz transforms associated to Schrödinger operators on weighted Hardy spaces

Let w be some Ap weight and enjoy reverse Hölder inequality, and let L=−Δ+V be a Schrödinger operator on Rn, where is a non-negative function on Rn. In this article we introduce weighted Hardy spaces associated to L in terms of the area function characterization, and prove their atomic characters. We show that the Riesz transform ∇L−1/2 associated to L is bounded on for 1<p<2, and bounded from to the classical weighted Hardy space .     

The principle of general localization on unit sphere

In this paper we study the general localization principle for Fourier-Laplace series on unit sphere SN⊂RN+1. Weak type (1,1) property of maximal functions is used to establish the estimates of the maximal operators of Riesz means at critical index . The properties Jacobi polynomials are used in estimating the maximal operators of spectral expansions in L₂(SN). For extending positive results on critical line , 1?p?2, we apply interpolation theorem for the family of the linear operators of weak types. The generalized localization principle is established by the analysis of spectral expansions in L₂. We have proved the sufficient conditions for the almost everywhere convergence of Fourier-Laplace series by Riesz means on the critical line.     

Functional properties of rearrangement invariant spaces defined in terms of oscillations

Function spaces whose definition involves the quantity f^**-f^*, which measures the oscillation of f^*, have recently attracted plenty of interest and proved to have many applications in various, quite diverse fields. Primary role is played by the spaces S_p(w), with 0<p<∞ and w a weight function on (0,∞), defined as the set of Lebesgue-measurable functions on R such that f^*(∞)=0 and

     

Blow-up of solutions to a degenerate parabolic equation not in divergence form

We study nonglobal positive solutions to the Dirichlet problem for u_t=u^p(Δu+u) in bounded domains, where 0<p<2. It is proved that the set of points at which u blows up has positive measure and the blow-up rate is exactly . If either the space dimension is one or p<1, the ω-limit set of consists of continuous functions solving . In one space dimension it is shown that actually as t→T, where w coincides with an element of a one-parameter family of functions inside each component of its positivity set; furthermore, we study the size of the components of {w>0} with the result that this size is uniquely determined by Ω in the case p<1, while for p>1, the positivity set can have the maximum possible size for certain initial data, but it may also be arbitrarily close to the minimal length π.     

Characterizations of Besov-type and Triebel-Lizorkin-type spaces via maximal functions and local means

Let s∈R. In this paper, the authors first establish the maximal function characterizations of the Besov-type space with and τ∈[0,∞), the Triebel-Lizorkin-type space with p∈(0,∞), q∈(0,∞] and τ∈[0,∞), the Besov-Hausdorff space with p∈(1,∞), q∈[1,∞) and and the Triebel-Lizorkin-Hausdorff space with and , where t^′ denotes the conjugate index of t∈[1,∞]. Using this characterization, the authors further obtain the local mean characterizations of these function spaces via functions satisfying the Tauberian condition and establish a Fourier multiplier theorem on these spaces. All these results generalize the existing classical results on Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces by taking τ=0 and are also new even for Q spaces and Hardy-Hausdorff spaces.     

Kernels of Gramian operators for frames in shift-invariant subspaces

For an invertible n×n matrix B and Φ a finite or countable subset of L²(Rⁿ), consider the collection X={?(·-Bk):?∈Φ,k∈Zⁿ} generating the closed subspace M of L²(Rⁿ). Our main objects of interest in this paper are the kernel of the associated Gramian G(.) and dual Gramian operator-valued functions. We show in particular that the orthogonal complement of M in L²(Rⁿ) can be generated by a Parseval frame obtained from a shift-invariant system having m generators where . Furthermore, this Parseval frame can be taken to be an orthonormal basis exactly when almost everywhere. Analogous results in terms of dim(Ker(G(.))) are also obtained concerning the existence of a collection of m sequences in the orthogonal complement of the range of analysis operator associated with the frame X whose shifts either form a Parseval frame or an orthonormal basis for that orthogonal complement.     

On an inhomogeneous slip-inflow boundary value problem for a steady flow of a viscous compressible fluid in a cylindrical domain

We investigate a steady flow of a viscous compressible fluid with inflow boundary condition on the density and inhomogeneous slip boundary conditions on the velocity in a cylindrical domain Ω=Ω₀×(0,L)∈R³. We show existence of a solution , p>3, where v is the velocity of the fluid and ρ is the density, that is a small perturbation of a constant flow (, ). We also show that this solution is unique in a class of small perturbations of . The term u⋅∇w in the continuity equation makes it impossible to show the existence applying directly a fixed point method. Thus in order to show existence of the solution we construct a sequence (vn,ρn) that is bounded in and satisfies the Cauchy condition in a larger space L_∞(0,L;L₂(Ω₀)) what enables us to deduce that the weak limit of a subsequence of (vn,ρn) is in fact a strong solution to our problem.     

The vanishing order of certain Hecke L-functions of imaginary quadratic fields

Let −D<−4 denote a fundamental discriminant which is either odd or divisible by 8, so that the canonical Hecke character of exists. Let d be a fundamental discriminant prime to D. Let 2k−1 be an odd natural number prime to the class number of . Let χ be the twist of the (2k−1)th power of a canonical Hecke character of by the Kronecker's symbol . It is proved that the vanishing order of the Hecke L-function L(s,χ) at its central point s=k is determined by its root number when , where the constant implied in the symbol ? depends only on k and ?, and is effective for L-functions with root number −1.     

Carleson embeddings for Sobolev spaces via heat equation

Let u(t,x) be the solution of the heat equation (∂_t-Δ_x)u(t,x)=0 on subject to u(0,x)=f(x) on Rⁿ. The main goal of this paper is to characterize such a nonnegative measure μ on that f(x)?u(t²,x) induces a bounded embedding from the Sobolev space , p∈[1,n) into the Lebesgue space , q∈(0,∞).