Operators on the space of vector-valued totally measurable functions

Let L(X,Y) stand for the space of all bounded linear operators between real Banach spaces X and Y, and let Σ be a σ-algebra of sets. A bounded linear operator T from the Banach space B(Σ,X) of X-valued Σ-totally measurable functions to Y is said to be σ-smooth if ‖T(fn)Y_‖→0 whenever a sequence of scalar functions (‖fn(⋅)X_‖) is order convergent to 0 in B(Σ). It is shown that a bounded linear operator is σ-smooth if and only if its representing measure is variationally semi-regular, i.e., as An↓∅ (here stands for the semivariation of m on A∈Σ). As an application, we show that the space Lσs(B(Σ,X),Y) of all σ-smooth operators from B(Σ,X) to Y provided with the strong operator topology is sequentially complete. We derive a Banach-Steinhaus type theorem for σ-smooth operators from B(Σ,X) to Y. Moreover, we characterize countable additivity of measures in terms of continuity of the corresponding operators .     

A generalization of Kneser's Addition Theorem

Let A=(A₁,…,Am) be a sequence of finite subsets from an additive abelian group G. Let Σ?(A) denote the set of all group elements representable as a sum of ? elements from distinct terms of A, and set . Our main theorem is the following lower bound:

     

On the unitary equivalence of absolutely continuous parts of self-adjoint extensions

The classical Weyl-von Neumann theorem states that for any self-adjoint operator A₀ in a separable Hilbert space H there exists a (non-unique) Hilbert-Schmidt operator C=C^? such that the perturbed operator A₀+C has purely point spectrum. We are interesting whether this result remains valid for non-additive perturbations by considering the set ExtA of self-adjoint extensions of a given densely defined symmetric operator A in H and some fixed . We show that the ac-parts and of and A₀ are unitarily equivalent provided that the resolvent difference is compact and the Weyl function M(⋅) of the pair {A,A₀} admits weak boundary limits M(t):=w-lim_y→+0M(t+iy) for a.e. t∈R. This result generalizes the classical Kato-Rosenblum theorem. Moreover, it demonstrates that for such pairs {A,A₀} the Weyl-von Neumann theorem is in general not true in the class ExtA.     

Embeddability of L1(μ) in dual spaces, geometry of cones and a characterization of c0

In this article we suppose that (Ω,Σ,μ) is a measure space and T an one-to-one, linear, continuous operator of L₁(μ) into the dual E′ of a Banach space E. For any measurable set A consider the image T(L⁺₁(μ_A)) of the positive cone of the space L₁(μ_A) in E′, where μ_A is the restriction of the measure μ on A. We provide geometrical conditions on the cones T(L⁺₁(μ_A)) which yield that the measure μ is atomic, i.e., that L₁(μ) is lattice isometric to , where denotes the set of atoms of μ. This result yields also a new characterization of c₀(Γ).     

Non-selfadjoint matrix Sturm-Liouville operators with spectral singularities

In this paper we investigate discrete spectrum of the non-selfadjoint matrix Sturm-Liouville operator L generated in L²(R₊,S) by the differential expression

     

The numerical range of a tridiagonal operator

Let r be a real number and A a tridiagonal operator defined by Aej=ej−1+rjej+1, j=1,2,…, where {e₁,e₂,…} is the standard orthonormal basis for ?²(N). Such tridiagonal operators arise in Rogers-Ramanujan identities. In this paper, we study the numerical ranges of these tridiagonal operators and finite-dimensional tridiagonal matrices. In particular, when r=−1, the numerical range of the finite-dimensional tridiagonal matrix is the convex hull of two explicit ellipses. Applying the result, we obtain that the numerical range of the tridiagonal operator is the square

     

Norm equality for a basic elementary operator

Let be the algebra of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space H. For , define the elementary operator M_A,B by M_A,B(X)=AXB (). We give necessary and sufficient conditions for any pair of operators A and B to satisfy the equation ‖I+M_A,B‖=1+‖A‖‖B‖, where I is the identity operator on H.     

On Bernardi's integral operator and the Briot-Bouquet differential subordination

Let A,B,D,E∈[−1,1]. Conditions on A,B,D and E are determined so that

     

Converse theorem for the Minkowski inequality

Let (Ω,Σ,μ) a measure space such that 0<μ(A)<1<μ(B)<∞ for some A,B∈Σ. Under some natural conditions on the bijective functions φ,φ₁,φ₂,ψ,ψ₁,ψ₂:(0,∞)→(0,∞) we prove that if

     

Asymptotic type for sectorial operators and an integral of fractional powers

There is a standard notion of type for a sectorial linear operator acting in a Banach space. We introduce a notion of asymptotic type for a linear operator V, involving estimates on the resolvent ⁻¹(λI+V) as λ→0. We show, for example, that if V is sectorial and of asymptotic type ω then the fractional power Vα is of asymptotic type αω for a suitable range of positive α. Moreover, we establish various properties of the operator ; in particular, this operator is of asymptotic type 0, for a sectorial operator V. This result has an application to the construction of operators satisfying the well-known Ritt resolvent condition.     

The structure of a tridiagonal pair

Let K denote a field and let V denote a vector space over K with finite positive dimension.We consider a pair of K-linear transformations A:V→V and A^∗:V→V that satisfy the following conditions: (i) each of A,A^∗ is diagonalizable; (ii) there exists an ordering of the eigenspaces of A such that A^∗V_i⊆V_i-1+V_i+V_i+1 for 0?i?d, where V_-1=0 and V_d+1=0; (iii) there exists an ordering of the eigenspaces of A^∗ such that for 0?i?δ, where and ; (iv) there is no subspace W of V such that AW⊆W,A^∗W⊆W,W≠0,W≠V.We call such a pair a tridiagonal pair on V. It is known that d=δ and for 0?i?d the dimensions of coincide.In this paper we show that the following (i)-(iv) hold provided that K is algebraically closed: (i) Each of has dimension 1.(ii) There exists a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form 〈,〉 on V such that 〈Au,v〉=〈u,Av〉 and 〈A^∗u,v〉=〈u,A^∗v〉 for all u,v∈V.(iii) There exists a unique anti-automorphism of End(V) that fixes each of A,A^∗.(iv) The pair A,A^∗ is determined up to isomorphism by the data , where θ_i (resp.) is the eigenvalue of A (resp.A^∗) on V_i (resp.), and is the split sequence of A,A^∗ corresponding to and .     

Cyclic-type cohomology of strict inductive limits of Fréchet algebras

We present methods for the computation of the Hochschild and cyclic-type continuous homology and cohomology of some locally convex strict inductive limits of Fréchet algebras A_m. In the pure algebraic case it is known that, for the cyclic homology of A, for all n?0 [Cyclic Homology, Springer, Berlin, 1992, E.2.1.1]. We show that, for a locally convex strict inductive system of Fréchet algebras such that

0→A_m→A_m+1→A_m+1/A_m→0     

On the periodicity of Coxeter transformations and the non-negativity of their Euler forms

We show that for piecewise hereditary algebras, the periodicity of the Coxeter transformation implies the non-negativity of the Euler form. Contrary to previous assumptions, the condition of piecewise heredity cannot be omitted, even for triangular algebras, as demonstrated by incidence algebras of posets.We also give a simple, direct proof, that certain products of reflections, defined for any square matrix A with 2 on its main diagonal, and in particular the Coxeter transformation corresponding to a generalized Cartan matrix, can be expressed as , where A₊, A_- are closely associated with the upper and lower triangular parts of A.     

On the cohomology of joins of operator algebras

By analogy with the join in topology, the join A*B for operator algebras A and B acting on Hilbert spaces H and K, respectively, was defined by Gilfeather and Smith (Amer. J. Math. 116 (1994) 541-561). Assuming that K is finite dimensional, they calculated the Hochschild cohomology groups for A*B with coefficients in L(K⊕H). We assume that A is a maximal abelian von Neumann algebra acting on H, A is a subalgebra of , and B is an ultraweakly closed subalgebra of M_n(A) containing A⊗1_n. We show that B may be decomposed into a finite sum of free modules. In this context, we redefine the join of A and B, generalize the calculations of Gilfeather and Smith, and calculate , for all m?0.     

Some properties of sharp Hessenberg pairs

Let F denote a field and let V denote a vector space over F with finite positive dimension. We consider an ordered pair of F-linear transformations A:V→V and A^∗:V→V that satisfy the following conditions: (i) each of A,A^∗ is diagonalizable on V; (ii) there exists an ordering of the eigenspaces of A such that A^∗V_i⊆V₀+V₁+?+V_i+1 for 0?i?d, where V_-1:=0 and V_d+1:=0; (iii) there exists an ordering of the eigenspaces of A^∗ such that for 0?i?δ, where and . We call such a pair a Hessenberg pair on V. It is known that if the Hessenberg pair A,A^∗ on V is irreducible then d=δ and for 0?i?d the dimensions of V_i and coincide. We say a Hessenberg pair A,A^∗ on V is sharp whenever it is irreducible and .In this paper, we give the definitions of a Hessenberg system and a sharp Hessenberg system. We discuss the connection between a Hessenberg pair and a Hessenberg system. We also define a finite sequence of scalars called the parameter array for a sharp Hessenberg system, which consists of the eigenvalue sequence, the dual eigenvalue sequence and the split sequence. We calculate the split sequence of a sharp Hessenberg system. We show that a sharp Hessenberg pair is a tridiagonal pair if and only if there exists a nonzero nondegenerate bilinear form on V that satisfies 〈Au,v〉=〈u,Av〉 and 〈A^∗u,v〉=〈u,A^∗v〉 for all u,v∈V.     

On various restricted sumsets

For finite subsets A₁,…,A_n of a field, their sumset is given by . In this paper, we study various restricted sumsets of A₁,…,A_n with restrictions of the following forms: