基于PCI总线的多通道图像数据高速采集

根据立体测绘相机的数据传输要求,需要将多个图像数据源产生的异步图像数据传输和存储到计算机上,研究和实现了一种实用的完整解决方案。采用FPGA对多个图像数据进行组合,在FPGA内部进行一级缓存,将异步的图像数据源,变换成同步数据,经过独立的FIFO芯片对图像数据进行缓存,方便总线繁忙时对图像进行缓存;然后通过专用的PCI接口芯片,将图像数据传输到PCI总线上;使用DriverWorks进行驱动程序的设计,将数据存入内存中,通过应用程序显示及存储于硬盘中。     

图像式光电编码器数据采集系统

提出了基于FPGA+USB的图像式角位移测量数据处理系统.首先,图像探测器的像素数据通过LVDS接口传输到FPGA中,在FPGA中实现对三行像素数据的按位接收及对图像探测器的指令控制;然后,FPGA将像素按照顺序整理并存入SRAM中;最后,USB传输芯片读取SRAM中的数据并传输到PC机中,通过VC++软件实现图像的显示.所使用的CMOS图像探测器的像素为1 280×1 024,经过设计成功实现了对3像素×1 280像素数据的图像的采集,并成功在上位机中实现了对图像的显示.     

焦平面图像红外无线传输系统中边沿位置调制的低功耗实现

在焦平面图像红外无线传输系统中,通过引入边沿位置调制(EPM)方式来代替传统的脉冲位置调制方式,提高了传输带宽效率。提出了基于反熔丝FPGA的EPM调制低功耗实现方案,包括输入接口、缓冲器与RLL(5,12)编码状态机的设计,以及数据恢复、脉冲提取等EPM解调关键技术的解决方案。实验系统利用EPM调制方式,在24MHz带宽条件下实现了320×240像素视频数据的低功耗红外无线实时传输,促进了焦平面图像红外无线输出的进一步实用化。     

通用化数据采集处理系统的LabVIEW实现

针对目前测控领域对自研数据采集系统的不同需求,提出一种基于LabVIEW的通用化设计。整个系统基于软硬件构架：硬件上采用“ADC FPGA PCI”的模块化接口设计,能方便搭载于各种测试平台;软件上采用图形化编程语言LabVIEW进行开发,包括基于NI-VISA的PCI驱动程序和生产者/消费者模式的上位机处理软件。前者通过直接访问底层寄存器进行控制,为同类芯片的通用驱动开发提供了参考方案;后者充分利用LabVIEW多线程处理的特点,从软件构架上改善数据流向,优化程序。实验结果表明,该系统工作稳定,人机交互良好,可实现数据存储、回放和时频分析等多项功能。     

阻性电子负载卡的设计及其在航空测试中的应用

阐述了采用PCI接口芯片和FPGA技术研制阻性电子负载卡的方法,重点分析了基于FPGA芯片控制逻辑的实现方法,总结了使用接口芯片开发PCI总线板卡的关键要点和开发驱动软件的步骤;通过在航空测试系统中的实际应用,验证了该PCI阻性电子负载卡的设计能够达到航空修理领域对电阻模拟的实时响应性、准确性的需求。     

HD-SDI视频嵌入式图像采集系统设计

为了满足光电测量系统中以HD-SDI接口的数字相机的视频图像处理需求,提出了基于HD-SDI接口的嵌入式图像采集系统解决方案;应用FPGA与TI公司的解码芯片将HD-SDI数字视频的串行数据转换成为并行的图像数据以满足DSP等处理器输入需要;利用FPGA外部扩展一定容量的存储单元来缓冲和重组图像数据,并以特定顺序发送给DSP;图像数据通过DSP的EMIF接口以DMA方式存入DSP内存,从而实现对HD-SDI视频的图像数据采集;系统集成HD-SDI数据链路均衡、解码以及数据采集功能,为DSP的后续图像处理提供了可以无缝连接的数据源。     

基于PCIE接口的光电图像采集系统设计与实现

在光电系统中,为了获得更高质量的光电图像,需增加传感器数量、提高传感器分辨率等,这使得光电图像采集系统采集的数据量剧增。为满足对大量光电图像数据的高速采集及实时显示,提出一种基于PCIE接口的光电图像采集系统,该系统以FPGA作为控制核心,利用专用桥接芯片PEX8311实现PCIE协议,采用模块化设计思想,并预留丰富拓展接口。测试结果表明,单通道采集实时光电图像数据与主机通讯实际速率达到170 MB/s,超出PCI理论带宽132MB/s约30%,能解决传统基于PCI接口的系统数据传输带宽不足等问题。     

基于FPGA的红外图像仿真注入系统

设计了一种新的图像注入系统来实现PC机仿真图像到红外处理系统的直接传输。首先,该系统利用USB2.0接收PC机对外场实测数据仿真得到的BMP格式文件,用FPGA控制由两个SDRAM组成的缓冲模块进行图像缓存,然后通过Camera Link接口传送出去。系统数据缓存采用乒乓操作,避免了数据处理时无法持续接收而丢失有效数据的现象。测试时用图像采集卡进行图像采集并显示。结果表明,该系统具有速度快、实时性好、稳定性高等特点,可替代光电跟瞄设备进行仿真训练及设备的动态检验。     

基于FPGA的红外图像仿真注入系统

设计了一种新的图像注入系统来实现PC机仿真图像到红外处理系统的直接传输。首先,该系统利用USB2.0接收PC机对外场实测数据仿真得到的BMP格式文件,用FPGA控制由两个SDRAM组成的缓冲模块进行图像缓存,然后通过Camera Link接口传送出去。系统数据缓存采用乒乓操作,避免了数据处理时无法持续接收而丢失有效数据的现象。测试时用图像采集卡进行图像采集并显示。结果表明,该系统具有速度快、实时性好、稳定性高等特点,可替代光电跟瞄设备进行仿真训练及设备的动态检验。     

基于FPGA的ARINC429总线嵌入式接口板的设计与实现

提出了在一块芯片内实现ARINC429总线协议,并将USB、PCI两种接口结合在一块接口板上的新构想;并根据板卡的功能和技术指标要求,设计了基于FPGA的ARINC429总线接口板;在硬件设计上采用模块化方法设计了系统的硬件电路,分析了各部分的功能,并对硬件接口进行了详细的设计;软件设计上从硬件和软件两方面论述了NIOS Ⅱ处理器的设计,从总体设计、发送通道、接收通道、接口逻辑等方面设计与实现了多通道总线协议IP核;最后对板卡的功能进行测试,结果表明设计的接口板能够达到ARINC429数据通信的要求,能够克服专用芯片中的数据格式固定,使用不够灵活方便等缺点。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.