弹性圆柱壳在轴向应力波传播过程中的非对称屈曲

讨论弹性圆柱壳端部受冲击载荷作用，在应力波传播过程中的非对称屈曲问题。通过求解扰动方程得到了动态屈曲的分叉条件、临界载荷和屈曲模态。数值结果表明，当壳壁厚不很薄时，轴对称屈曲临界载荷比非对称临界载荷高；反之，轴对称临界载荷会比非对称临界载荷低。不同的冲击载荷，屈曲模态也将不同。     

轴向冲击圆柱壳非弹性响应

简要论述承受轴向冲击载荷圆柱壳非弹性动屈曲响应的研究进展。采用Ｋａｒｍａｎ－Ｄｏｎｎｅｌｌ运动方程研究轴向流固冲击载荷作用下的圆柱壳轴对称弹塑性动屈曲问题。本构关系采用增量理论，借助增量数值方法求解动力方程组。研究不同边界条件对屈曲的影响，以及径向外压力在不同边界条件下对屈曲的影响。     

在轴向应力波传播和反射过程中弹性有限长圆柱壳非对称动态屈曲

本文讨论弹性有限长圆柱壳端部受冲击载荷作用，在轴向应力波传播和反射过程中的非对称动态屈曲问题。通过建立和求解扰动方程得到了动态屈曲的分叉条件，临界载荷和屈曲模态。数值结果表明：当壳壁厚不很薄时，轴对称屈曲临界载荷比非轴对称临界载荷高；反之，轴对称临界载荷会比非对称临界载荷低；由于应力波的反射，临界载荷降低，因而更容易发生屈曲，屈曲模态也有其不同特点。     

全长粘结化学植筋的载荷传递机理

运用弹性力学空间轴对称问题与剪切位移法的基本假定和解答方法,建立分析模型和界面应力基本方程,得到化学植筋的界面应力和植筋轴力的弹性解析解答,结合算例说明了界面应力的衰减曲线分布规律,提出载荷传递系数k并简要分析了它对载荷传递规律影响.     

非弹性动力学20年的进展

1.引言本综述涉及承受脉冲载荷从而发生显著塑性变形的工程结构—一梁、框架、板、壳,等等。假定材料是延性的(结构金属,接近于钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土之类的材料)。对“脉冲”载荷的限制将在适当的地方更具体地说明。感兴趣的实际问题包括:作用在建筑物框架上的爆炸压力,管道或保护壳内部爆炸压力,波浪对船舶或近海结构的冲击,车辆碰撞,以及“地面冲击”引起的地基加速度,例如在意外(但破坏性极大的)地震时发生的。这种载荷      

爆炸冲击下复合材料层合扁球壳的动力屈曲

研究计及横向剪切的复合材料层合扁球壳在爆炸冲击载荷作用下的非线性轴对称动力屈曲问题。通过在复合材料层合扁球壳非线性稳定性的基本方程中增加横向转动惯量项并引入R.H.Cole理论的爆炸冲击力,得到爆炸冲击下复合材料层合扁球壳的动力控制方程,应用Galerkin方法得到用顶点挠度表达的爆炸冲击动力响应方程,并采用Runge-Kutta方法进行数值求解,采用Budiansky-Roth准则确定冲击屈曲的临界载荷,讨论了壳体几何尺寸对复合材料层合扁球壳冲击屈曲的影响;数值算例表明,此方法是可行的。     

爆炸焊接界面波物质点法三维数值模拟

基于冲击动力学和爆炸焊接理论,采用物质点法对爆炸焊接界面波的形成进行三维数值模拟。通过数值模拟结果与爆炸焊接实验结果的对比,对复合界面材料的塑性流动变形以及界面波形成的机理进行探讨。结果表明:界面波是因为在碰撞点处的金属材料发生熔化并产生涡旋流动形成的;同时也说明采用物质点法模拟爆炸焊接界面波的形成是可行的。     

爆炸载荷特征参数对无限长圆柱壳弹性动态响应的影响

采用含有三角脉冲载荷和准静压载荷的爆炸载荷加载,利用单自由度模型对无限长圆柱壳体（即等效平面应变圆环）的弹性动态响应进行了力学分析,获得了径向位移响应解析解及准静压阶段弹性响应振幅的解析解。基于所得解析解,通过控制变量法分析了载荷压力及载荷分界点时刻（即三角脉冲载荷与准静压载荷作用的分界点时刻）对径向位移最大值、准静压阶段弹性响应振幅的影响规律,更加深入地研究了爆炸载荷对结构响应的影响。本文主要从准静压幅值与三角脉冲峰值的比值以及载荷分界点时刻两个主要特征参数入手,结合结构的呼吸振动频率来研究爆炸载荷对无限长圆柱壳弹性动态响应的影响。在研究中发现存在临界时刻:当载荷分界点时刻早于临界时刻时,径向位移最大值出现在准静压阶段;当载荷分界点时刻晚于临界时刻时,获得了便于直观判断径向位移达到最大值时所处载荷阶段的分区图。基于前述解析解的分析,还获得了不同影响因素导致的振幅变化的单调性分区图,便于判别载荷压力的变化所致的准静压阶段振幅的增减趋势。通过研究获得的爆炸压力载荷对结构响应的影响规律,可为爆炸容器设计以及结构防护基础研究提供参考。     

舱段结构在气泡射流作用下的毁伤效果

为研究水下爆炸气泡载荷对船舶局部结构的毁伤效果,设计建造了实尺度舱段模型,并进行水下 爆炸实验,测量了水中压力、气泡脉动周期、舱段外板结构的动应变与塑性变形。分析了不同冲击因子作用下 舱段结构的动态响应,并结合水中压力测量结果,探讨了气泡射流的成因。在此基础之上,分析了气泡射流载 荷的影响范围以及外板在不同载荷作用下的毁伤模式。实验结果表明,相比冲击波载荷,在某些情况下射流 冲击载荷引起的结构响应更剧烈,毁伤效果更严重,因此在中近场水下爆炸作用下,气泡射流冲击载荷对船体 结构的影响不能忽视。     

爆炸焊接复合界面波与温度场物质点法分析

爆炸焊接是一门双金属复合工程技术,在炸药爆轰载荷驱动下,飞板高速冲击基板时,两金属板复合界面处在高温高压作用下材料发生塑性流动并形成周期性波状界面,波状界面的形成与复合界面处的材料熔化和变形直接相关。本文应用物质点法对爆炸焊接界面波的形成和界面温度场进行数值模拟,同时开展双金属爆炸焊接实验,并结合物质点法的三维数值模拟对爆炸焊接界面波的形态和界面材料高温软化进行分析。     

The propagation of elastic stress waves in a conical shell under axial impulsive loading

The propagation of elastic stress waves in a conical shell subjected to axial impulsive loading is studied in this paper by means of the finite element calculation and model experiments. It is shown that there are two axisymmetrical elastic stress waves propagating with different velocities, i.e., the longitudinal wave and the bending wave. The attenuation of these waves while propagating along the shell surface is discussed. It is found in experiments that the bending wave is also generated when a longitudinal wave reflects from the fixed end of the shell, and both reflected waves will separate during the propagation due to their different velocities. Southwest Institute of Structural Mechanics     

Elastic waves from localized sources in composite laminates

This paper is concerned with the analysis of elastic waves generated by localized dynamic sources in structural composites. The source can be external, involving acoustic wave loading as in the so called leaky Lamb wave experiment, and low-velocity foreign object impact on the surface of the structure, or internal, as in sudden crack initiation and its rapid growth from existing internal flaws. All three problems are of critical importance in the safe operation of composite structures, due to their vulnerability to hidden delaminations that can occur in composite materials when they are subjected to this type of loads. It is well known that both the dynamic surface loading associated with impact, and the sudden “opening” of an internal crack associated with the extension of a preexisting flaw act as sources of elastic waves in the material of the structure. The research reported here consists of model-based analysis of the guided waves generated by surface loading and microcrack initiation in graphite epoxy composite laminates commonly used in aircraft and aerospace structures. The objective of this study is to develop a mechanics based understanding of the causal relationship between the properties of the source and the characteristics of the waves generated by its initiation and propagation. The results of this research are expected to be useful in developing effective health monitoring systems for new as well as aging aircraft and aerospace structures.     

Multiple impacts of two concentric hollow cylinders with zero clearance

The impact problem of two concentric, hollow, circular, elastic cylinders of same materials with zero clearance is studied, where the interior hollow cylinder is subjected to different uniformly distributed, exponentially decaying, interior pressures. The structural sizes and material parameters of the impacting system are unchanged. The influences of multiple collisions and multiple separations on interface impact pressures, dynamic radial displacements and stresses, are considered in the present investigation. The global histories of interface impact pressure have similar decay tendencies, and there exist three types of interface impact pressure branches. A so called ‘group’ phenomenon occurs in the histories of interface impact pressure, where several collisions take place closely together to form a cluster of interface impact pressure branches. Two neighboring cluster have an approximately constant time interval. The quasi-periodic growing of clusters means the impacting system is stable, and will result in quasi-periodic motions. A main frequency exists in the impacting system as well, which is different from the natural frequencies of two hollow cylinders.     

Dynamic analysis of thick short length FGM cylinders

In this paper a thick short length hollow cylinder made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) under internal impact loading is considered. The inner surface of the cylinder is pure ceramic, the outer surface is pure metal, and the material composition varies continuously along its thickness. Finite Element Method based on Rayleigh-Ritz energy formulation has been applied to study the propagation of elastic waves in FG thick hollow cylinders. The Newmark direct integration method is applied to solve the time dependent equations. The time histories of displacements, stresses, wave propagation in two directions and velocities of radial stress wave propagation for various values of volume fraction exponent have been investigated. Also by using fast Fourier transform, the first natural frequencies for FG cylinders with simply-simply and clamped-clamped ends conditions are illustrated. The model has been compared with result of a plane strain FG thick hollow cylinder which is subjected to an internal impact loading, and it shows very good agreement.     

轴向冲击载荷作用下锥壳中弹性应力波传播的计算和实验研究

本文利用有限元分析和模型实验研究了在轴向冲击载荷作用下,锥壳中弹性应力波的传播、计算和实验结果表明,结构中存在着弹性纵波和弹性弯曲波的传播,它们传播的速度各不相同,使壳面承受不同的应力状态;讨论了纵波和弯曲波随壳面的衰减;实验指出,由于边界的影响,即使纵波的反射也会产生新的反射弯曲波沿锥面传播。     

Wave propagation in transversely isotropic cylinders

Various approaches have been used for model1ing problems dealing with interaction of acoustic/elastic waves with transversely isotropic cylinders. The authors developed the first mathematical model for the scattering of acoustic waves from transversely isotropic cylinders [Honarvar, F., Sinclair, A.N., 1996. Acoustic wave scattering from transversely isotropic cylinders. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, 57–63.]. In the current paper, this model is used for derivation of the frequency equations of longitudinal and flexural wave propagation in free transversely isotropic cylinders. Consistency of this model with the physics of the problem is demonstrated and a systematic solution to the corresponding equations is developed. Numerical results obtained for a number of transversely isotopic cylinders are used for verification of the mathematical model.     

The symmetrical adhesive contact problem for circular elastic cylinders

The rolling contact problem involving circular cylinders is at the heart of numerous industrial processes, and critical to any elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis is an accurate knowledge of the associated contact pressure for the static dry problem. In a recent article [1] the authors have obtained new horizontal pressure distributions, both exact and approximate for various problems involving the symmetrical contact of circular elastic cylinders. In [1] it is assumed that only the circumferential horizontal displacement is prescribed in the contact region while the vertical circumferential displacement is left arbitrary and is assumed to take on whatever value is predicted by the deformation. The advantage of this assumption is that the problem reduces to a single singular integral equation which by transformations can be simplified to an integral equation involving the standard finite Hilbert transform. Here we consider the more general displacement boundary value problem within the contact region, and to be specific we examine the problem with zero vertical circumferential displacement and prescribed horizontal circumferential displacement. The solution of this problem involves two coupled singular integral equations for the horizontal and vertical pressure distributions. Basic equations and some approximate analytical solutions are obtained for symmetrical contact of circular elastic cylinders by both parallel plates and circular cylinders which are either rigid or elastic. Numerical results for the approximate analytical solutions are given for contact by rigid parallel plates and rigid circular cylinders.     

The influence of Murnaghan constants on the propagation of a torsional wave in pre-stretched compound circular cylinders

The propagation of torsional waves in prestressed compound circular cylinders is investigated modeling them by a piecewise-homogeneous body and using the three-dimensional linearized theory of elastic waves in prestressed body. It is assumed that the elastic relations for the components of the cylinders include the Murnaghan potential. The numerical investigations are performed for bronze (Br) or brass (Pr) (for the solid cylinder) and steel (St) (for the hollow cylinder). The effect of the variation of the geometric (the ratio of the thickness of the outer cylinder to the radius of the inner cylinder) and mechanical parameters on the dispersion curves are analyzed using the numerical results obtained     

多个椭圆柱波浪力的一种解析解

波浪在大尺寸结构表面产生不可忽略的散射波, 该散射波在多柱体体系中继续传播, 并在同体系中的其他柱体上产生高次散射波. 本文基于椭圆坐标系和绕射波理论首先推导了波浪作用下椭圆单柱体产生的散射波压力公式, 随后考虑该散射波在多柱体系中的传播, 将其视为第二次入射波, 推导出柱体上第二次散射波压力公式, 同理可以推导出高次散射波压力公式, 最后得到椭圆多柱体波浪力解析解, 并用数值解验证了本文解析方法的正确性. 本文以双柱体和四柱体体系为例, 分析了不同参数(波数、净距、波浪入射角度等)下, 高次散射波对柱体上波浪作用的影响. 结果表明: 波数较大的情况下, 高次散射波引起柱体上的波浪力不能忽略; 结构间距较大的情况下, 虽然高次波的作用有减小的趋势但仍然明显; 高次散射波来自多个柱体对入射波的散射, 柱体数目的增加后, 高次波的影响会增加, 结构所受的高次波作用因参数变化而起的波动会变剧烈; 高次波对上游柱体波浪力的贡献较对下游柱体的贡献大.      

Numerical Analysis of Stationary Dynamic Processes in Anisotropic Inhomogeneous Cylinders

Efficient numerical-analytical approaches are proposed for analyzing stationary dynamic processes. The approaches are used to study the propagation of elastic waves in anisotropic inhomogeneous cylinders with circular and noncircular cross sections and the natural vibrations of anisotropic solid and hollow cylinders of finite length with different end conditions. The dependence of the dynamic characteristics of cylinders on their geometrical and mechanical parameters is analyzed __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 8, pp. 3–40, August 2005.