吸附式增湿饱和器

本文介绍了美国GE公司DPG—300分流湿度发生器的工作原理。针对该发生器的增湿饱和度不够的缺陷,提出了改进措施。改进的方法是通过在增湿饱和器内放置能够吸附水的吸附材料而实现的。     

Humidity Sensitive Properties of a Silicone-containing Polyelectrolyte Material

Humidity sensors have found wide applications in industry production, process control, environment monitoring, storage, electrical applications, etc.. Polymer electrolytes have been used in the preparation of resistive-type humidity sensors in the past ye…     

高分子膜湿度传感器的制备

近年来对高分子电解质湿敏材料的研制十分活跃,本文报道以聚γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷季铵化合物的湿敏材料及其元件性能。 试剂 γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(盖县化工厂),使用前蒸馏,折光指数n_D~(20)为1.4190;碘甲烷、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、甲苯、无水乙醇皆为分析纯。     

温度调控的动态湿度响应褶皱图案

本工作利用光响应温敏聚合物构筑了温控湿度响应褶皱图案,并探索其响应机制与应用.将1-乙烯基-3-蒽甲基氯化咪唑鎓(IMAN)、 N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)与聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯(OEGMA)三元共聚物P(IMAN-co-NIPAM-co-OEGMA)作为表层,与聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)基底形成双层褶皱体系.蒽基团的光二聚交联能够使体系区域选择性起皱,含NIPAM结构的聚合物链则赋予其温度控制的湿度响应性.在室温、加湿条件下,该褶皱图案消失,其响应机制是聚合物吸湿过程中的模量降低和应力松弛;而在较高温度下,褶皱图案无法由湿度擦除,这是由于顶层聚合物链疏水性增强所导致的.这种同时具有光敏性与温度控制的湿度响应性褶皱图案,在湿度传感、智能显示、智能窗户等领域具有潜在的应用前景.     

光电露点仪湿度测量的误差分析

指出用光电露点仪进行湿度测量时引入误差的各种因素,提出相应的解决方法。     

低霜点校准系统

介绍了一种能产生低于－１００℃霜点的校准系统，该系统将一股干气与一股湿气进行混流，干气用一个液氮冷槽产生。同时还介绍了几个有用的设计特点，如；在气流通路中不含一头封闭的支路，取消了干气通路上的阀门和流量计。通过在－９０－－５８℃霜点范围内校准氧化铝湿度计探头，对该系统进行了验证。     

SURFACE REARRANGEMENTS OF OXYGEN PLASMA TREATED POLYSTYRENE： SURFACE DYNAMICS AND HUMIDITY EFFECT

The time evolution of oxygen plasma treated polystyrene(PS)surfaces was investigated upon storing them in theair under controlled humidity conditions.The methods of water contact angle,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),sumfrequency generation(SFG)vibrational spectroscopy,and atomic force microscopy(AFM)were used to infer the surfaceproperties and structure.Chemical groups containing oxygen were formed on the PS surface with the plasma treatment,demonstrated by water contact angle and XPS.The surface polarity decayed markedly on time,as assessed by steady increasein the water contact angle as a function of storage time,from zero to around 60°.The observed decay is interpreted as arisingfrom surface rearrangement processes to burying polar groups away from the uppermost layer of the surfaces,which is incontact with air.On the other hand,XPS results show that the chemical composition in the first 3 nm surface layer isunaffected by the surface aging,and the depth profile of oxygen is essentially the same with time.A possible change of PSsurface roughness was examined by AFM,and it showed that the increase of water contact angle during surface aging couldnot be attributed to surface roughness.Thus,it is concluded that surface aging is attributable to surface reorganization andthe motion of oxygen containing groups is confined within the XPS probing depth.SFG spectroscopy,which is intrinsicallyinterface-specific,was used to detect the chemical structure of PS surface at the molecular level after various aging times.The results are interpreted as follows.During the aging of the plasma treated PS surfaces,the oxygen containing groupsundergo reorientation processes toward the polymer bulk and/or parallel to the surface,while the CH_2 moiety stands up onthe PS surface.Our results indicate that the surface configuration changes do not require large length scale segmentalmotions or migration of macromolecules.Motions that are responsible for surface configuration changes could be relativelysmall rotational motions.The aging behaviors under different relative humidity conditions were shown to be similar from18% to 91%,whereas the kinetics of surface polarity decays were faster in higher relative humidity.Here,the surfacerearrangement of polystyrene films that were previously treated by oxygen plasma and aged,and was investigated in terms ofcontact angle after the water immersion.The contact angles of the water-immersed samples were found to change andapproach the initial values before the immersion asymptotically.     

试验箱温、湿度校准装置的研制

介绍试验箱温、湿度校准装置的模型建立,温、湿度传感器的选择及软硬件构成,利用温、湿度精密测量,多路信号输入,单片机控制等功能,实现装置的温、湿度多点校准。通过验证试验证明该装置测量准确可靠。     

分流式湿度发生器温度控制系统的设计

采用控制加热的方法对分流式湿度发生器的增湿饱和器进行精密的温度控制。介绍了增湿饱和器的结构及温度控制电路、温度控制软件的设计要点。通过精密控制增湿饱和器的温度，减少了环境温度变化对分流式湿度发生器输出湿度的影响，提高了湿度校准的准确度。     

A micrometer head integrated microfluidic device for facile droplet size control and automatic measurement of a droplet size

A novel microfluidic droplet generator is proposed, which can control the droplet size through turning an integrated micrometer head with ease, and the size of the produced micro-droplet can be automatically and real-time monitored by an open-sourced software and off-the-shelf hardware.     

Generation of molecular graphs for QSAR studies: an approach based on supergraphs

A new algorithm for generation of substituted derivatives of a given structure and its software implementation are described. The program has deterministic and stochastic generation modes and efficiently supports various types of structural constraints. The problem of exhaustive and irredundant generation is discussed, and a new algorithm of the complete rejection of isomorphic molecular graphs is proposed. The main application of the generator is QSAR studies; however, applications in combinatorial chemistry are also possible.     

Virtual Computational Chemistry Laboratory – Design and Description

Internet technology offers an excellent opportunity for the development of tools by the cooperative effort of various groups and institutions. We have developed a multi-platform software system, Virtual Computational Chemistry Laboratory, http://www.vcclab.org, allowing the computational chemist to perform a comprehensive series of molecular indices/properties calculations and data analysis. The implemented software is based on a three-tier architecture that is one of the standard technologies to provide client-server services on the Internet. The developed software includes several popular programs, including the indices generation program, DRAGON, a 3D structure generator, CORINA, a program to predict lipophilicity and aqueous solubility of chemicals, ALOGPS and others. All these programs are running at the host institutes located in five countries over Europe. In this article we review the main features and statistics of the developed system that can be used as a prototype for academic and industry models.     

The software and information system for development of neutron activation techniques with optimal characteristics

An optimal software and information system for NAA techniques has been developed. The system includes a data base and software complex. A number of original analog simulation algorithms of the gamma-spectrum of an activated sample were tested. The calculations of the metrological characteristics of optimal AA conditions were used as a basis. The analog simulation program for activation in a reactor, neutron generator, or with a²⁵²Cf radiation source simulates the -spectrum of a sample taking into account the decay chains up to the 15th link. A research of the optimal activation conditions for the determination of elements is conducted within a wide range of variations using the data base management system.     

A computer-based programmable waveform generator

The programmable waveform generator, which is capable of producing complex voltage—time programs, is based on a PDP-$\text{11}\text{34}$ minicomputer with associated DIGITAL hardware. The desired waveform is obtained by clock-controlled output of a symmetrical triangular voltage sweep. The software can be readily adapted to any computer system. Ramp sections of 1 mV s^-1—50 V s^-1 and potential pulses of 50 μs—500 s can be obtained.     

还原态脒类LED光产碱剂的合成及性能研究

光产碱剂作为光固化材料体系中的关键组分,对光固化速率及固化材料性能有重要影响。本文以氧杂蒽酮作为生色团,脒类化合物DBN作为强碱基团,设计并合成了一种新型单组分氧杂蒽酮还原态脒类光产碱剂,并系统探究了其光物理和光化学行为。结果表明,氧杂蒽酮还原态脒类光产碱剂在345 nm区域具有较强吸收,光解后释放的强碱DBN可有效引发巯基-环氧体系聚合。与商品化苄基还原态脒类光产碱剂相比,氧杂蒽酮生色团的引入使光产碱剂的吸收波长红移,能更好地匹配365 nm LED光源;与离子型硫杂蒽酮光产碱剂相比,氧杂蒽酮还原态脒类光产碱剂在光解过程中不产生二氧化碳,且催化效率更高,具有良好的应用前景。     

一体化湿度校准装置的研制

介绍一体化湿度校准装置的原理、实现方法和性能特点。根据分流法原理研制湿度发生单元,根据露点法原理研制湿度控制单元,通过软硬件系统实现闭环控制,组成一体化的湿度校准装置。对其测量不确定度进行了评定,在露点–50~20℃范围内,扩展不确定度U=0.3℃(k=2);在露点–70~–50℃范围内,扩展不确定度U=0.5℃(k=2)。该装置具有自动化程度高、量值准确可靠、平衡时间短、便于移动或携带等特点,能够扩展分流法湿度发生器的应用领域。