New infrared undulator beamline at FLASH

At the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) free electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH) an infrared (IR) beamline is being built to allow novel pump-and-probe experiments combining coherent IR pulses with the FEL radiation in the VUV spectral range. It will provide useful IR radiation generated by a purpose built undulator over the wavelength range from 200 μm to 10 μm and possibly even shorter. The commissioning of the beamline has started this summer and first light will be delivered to the experimental hall by autumn 2007. Another important application of the beamline will be electron diagnostics of the longitudinal charge distribution of the electron bunches.     

The sapphire backscattering monochromator at the Dynamics beamline P01 of PETRA III

We report on a high resolution sapphire backscattering monochromator installed at the Dynamics beamline P01 of PETRA III. The device enables nuclear resonance scattering experiments on Mössbauer isotopes with transition energies between 20 and 60 keV with sub-meV to meV resolution. In a first performance test with ¹¹⁹Sn nuclear resonance at a X-ray energy of 23.88 keV an energy resolution of 1.34 meV was achieved. The device extends the field of nuclear resonance scattering at the PETRA III synchrotron light source to many further isotopes like ¹⁵¹Eu, ¹⁴⁹Sm, ¹⁶¹Dy, ¹²⁵Te and ¹²¹Sb.     

The high‐resolution diffraction beamline P08 at PETRA III

The new third‐generation synchrotron radiation source PETRA III located at the Deutsches Elektronen‐Synchrotron DESY in Hamburg, Germany, has been operational since the second half of 2009. PETRA III is designed to deliver hard X‐ray beams with very high brilliance. As one of the first beamlines of PETRA III the high‐resolution diffraction beamline P08 is fully operational. P08 is specialized in X‐ray scattering and diffraction experiments on solids and liquids where extreme high resolution in reciprocal space is required. The resolving power results in the high‐quality PETRA III beam and unique optical elements such as a large‐offset monochromator and beryllium lens changers. A high‐precision six‐circle diffractometer for solid samples and a specially designed liquid diffractometer are installed in the experimental hutch. Regular users have been accepted since summer 2010.     

Fast continuous energy scan with dynamic coupling of the monochromator and undulator at the DEIMOS beamline

In order to improve the efficiency of X‐ray absorption data recording, a fast scan method, the Turboscan, has been developed on the DEIMOS beamline at Synchrotron SOLEIL, consisting of a software‐synchronized continuous motion of the monochromator and undulator motors. This process suppresses the time loss when waiting for the motors to reach their target positions, as well as software dead‐time, while preserving excellent beam characteristics.     

Resonant scattering and diffraction beamline P09 at PETRA III

The resonant scattering and diffraction beamline P09 at PETRA III is designed for X‐ray experiments requiring small beams, energy tunability, variable polarization and high photon flux. It is highly flexible in terms of beam size and offers full higher harmonic suppression. A state‐of‐the‐art double phase‐retarder set‐up provides variable linear or circular polarization. A high‐precision Psi‐diffractometer and a heavy‐load diffractometer in horizontal Psi‐geometry allow the accommodation of a wide variety of sample environments. A 14 T cryo‐magnet is available for scattering experiments in magnetic fields.     

Investigations of Solid State Dynamics at the NRSSR Beamline at PETRA II. An Overview

The present status of the new nuclear resonance beamline PETRA 1 at HASYLAB, DESY, Hamburg is described. Besides an overview of the experimental setup some examples of recent experiments are given. Those cover the main applications, i.e., inelastic scattering from iron alloys and quasielastic scattering from glass-forming liquids. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The LUCIA beamline at SOLEIL

Commissioned in May 2004 on the SLS machine, the LUCIA beamline was moved to the synchrotron SOLEIL during the summer of 2008. To take advantage of this new setting several changes to its design were introduced. Here, a review of the various improvements of the mechanics and, mostly, of the optics is given. Described in detail are the results of a new multilayer grating monochromator implemented on the Kohzu vessel already holding the two‐crystal set‐up. It consists of a grating grooved onto a multilayer (replacing the first crystal) associated to a multilayer (as a second crystal). It allows a shift of the low‐energy limit of the beamline to around 500 eV with an energy resolution and a photon flux comparable with those of the previous couples of crystals (KTP and beryl).     

The gas phase photoemission beamline at Elettra

Respiratory diseases are one of the greatest causes of morbidity and mortality in humans, affecting people at all stages of their lives. Indeed, respiratory failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants, asthma is a common disease in children, and pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, and asthma are all major health issues in adults [1 Scott, I.A. 2008. Chronic disease management: A primer for physicians. Intern Med J., 38(6): 427–37. [PubMed] , [Google Scholar]]. Our research at SPring-8 has mainly focused on the transition to air-breathing at birth, but has also focused on adult lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and asthma, which has resulted from the application of new imaging developments.     

The synchrotron infrared beamline SISSI at ELETTRA

The infrared synchrotron radiation emitted from a bending magnet of the third generation storage ring ELETTRA is studied in detail by ray-tracing techniques. Constant magnetic-field and edge infrared emissions are taken into account in the project of the bending vacuum chamber and on the beamline design. Moreover the gain in flux and brightness with respect to a conventional source of the infrared radiation are calculated and discussed.     

Geometrical layout and optics modelling of the surface science beamline station at the SESAME synchrotron radiation facility

The layout and the optical performance of the SGM branch of the D09 bending‐magnet beamline, under construction at SESAME, are presented. The beamline is based on the Dragon‐type design and delivers photons over the spectral range 15–250 eV. One fixed entrance slit and a movable exit slit are used. The performance of the beamline has been characterized by calculating the mirror reflectivities and the grating efficiencies. The flux and resolution were calculated by ray‐tracing using SHADOW. The grating diffraction efficiencies were calculated using the GRADIF code. The results and the overall shapes of the predicted curves are in reasonable agreement with those obtained using an analytical formula.     

Nuclear-resonance beamline at ESRF

Summary The Nuclear-Resonance Beamline at ESRF is dedicated to the excitation of nuclear levels by synchrotron radiation. The source of radiation and optical elements are optimized to provide an intense, highly monochromatic, collimated and stable X-ray beam of small cross-section at the M?ssbauer transition energies between 6 keV and 30 keV. The set-up of the beamline allows to perform studies in diffraction, small-angle scattering, forward scattering and incoherent scattering. Equipment is available to maintain the sample at variable temperature and magnetic field. Fast detectors and timing electronics serve to separate the delayed nuclear scattering from the ?prompt? electronic scattering and to measure the time spectra of nuclear radiation with sub-nanosecond resolution. The general layout and the parameters of the beamline are reported. Typical domains of applications are discussed and illustrated by first experimental results. Paper presented at ICAME-95, Rimini, 10–16 September 1995.     

Search for new flavour production at PETRA

The topological distribution of hadrons from the reaction e⁺e^?→multihadrons has been studied at PETRA energies between $\text{s}\text{=22}\text{and}\text{31.6 GeV}$. No evidence is seen for spherical events which would be expected if massive particles bearing new flavours were produced.     

Searching for Higgs at PETRA using the Wilczek mechanism

We present numerical estimates for the various signatures of a neutral Higgs particle produced in the radiative decaysV→H+γ, of a heavy vector onium stateV(≡J/ _ψ ,Υ,Υ _t ). We suggest to enhance the Higgs signal by requiring a correlation with weakly decaying states (τ, charm, bottom) or with strange particles from charm and bottom. Rates for the processes $$\begin{gathered} e^ + e^ - \to V \to H + \gamma \to \geqq 1lepton + \gamma + anything, \hfill \\ \geqq 2kaons + \gamma + anything \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ are presented, and the effects of the lepton energy cuts on the first of the two processes are evaluated.     

Tests of QED and elektroweak theories at PETRA

We review experimental results from PETRA on the reactions:e ⁺ e ^?→e ⁺ e ^?, μ⁺ μ^?, τ⁺ τ^?, and γγ at centre-of-mass energies up to 36.7 GeV. The data are compared with the predictions of quantum electrodynamics and electroweak theories. The implication of the total cross section measurements fore ⁺ e ^?→q \(\bar q\) →hadrons with respect to the weak mixing angle is discussed.