Effective Polytropic Indices of Anisotropic Planetary Magnetosheath Plasmas with Magnetoacoustic Waves

Magnetosheath models for the planets Earth, Jupiter and Saturn are developed within the frame of the double‐adiabatic Chew‐Goldberger‐Low approximation. It is shown that in all three magnetosheaths slow and fast magnetoacoustic waves are generated, the dispersions of which considerably differ from that of isotropic systems. If slow magnetoacoustic waves exist in the magnetosheaths, then the effective polytropic coefficient of the plasma may be smaller than unity ‐ that means compression of the plasma is accompanied, in the average, by cooling. Such polytropic coefficients are not obtained when fast magnetoacoustic waves are excited (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Streaming instability of dust-acoustic mode with helical wavefronts

Making use of the kinetic approach for plasma species, the electrostatic twisted dust-acoustic (DA) waves are studied in a collisionless unmagnetized multi-component dusty plasma consisting of electrons, singly ionized positive ions and charged massive dust grains. The Vlasov-Poisson equations are coupled together to obtain a generalized response function by using the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) perturbed electrostatic potential and distribution function in the paraxial limit. The dispersive properties and growth rate instability of twisted DA waves are examined with distinct OAM states in a multi-component dusty plasma. Various significant modifications associated with the real wave frequency and growth rate are shown with respect to twist parameter and dust concentration. It is examined that dust concentration enhances the growth rate of twisted DA waves, whereas an increase in twist parameter reduces the growth rate instability. The excitation of twisted DA mode is also found to enhance with streaming speed of inertialess electrons. Our results may be useful for particle transport and trapping phenomena due to wave excitation in laboratory dusty plasmas.     

The mutual transformation of magnetoacoustic waves in plane inhomogeneous systems

In this paper an approach is given to the generation of slow magnetoacoustic waves by fast ones and vice versa and to the reflection of magnetoacoustic waves at plasma and magnetic field inhomogeneities. The cases of very strong and very weak fields as well as the case when the Alfvén velocity is of the order of the sound velocity are closely investigated. General conclusions are drawn on the mutual transformation of magnetoacoustic waves.     

Effect of an external magnetic field on the propagation velocities of magnetoacoustic waves in a magnetic fluid

Theoretical results on the propagation of magnetoacoustic waves in an ideal magnetic fluid with frozen magnetization are generalized. Expressions for the propagation velocity of fast and slow magnetoacoustic waves and Alfven waves are derived. Agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is demonstrated for the fast magnetoacoustic waves propagating in a water-based magnetic fluid.     

Interaction of a Low Frequency Coherent Magneto-Acoustic Wave with a Turbulent Spectrum of Extra-Ordinary Waves

Starting from nonlinear evolution equations of a three-dimensional extra-ordinary wavepacket in a magnetized plasma and introducing a correlation function, equations are derived that describe interaction of a coherent low-frequency magneto-acoustic wave with a turbulent spectrum of high frequency extra-ordinary waves. These equations are used to derive the dispersion relation for a low frequency magnetoacoustic wave in the presence of a spectrum of turbulent high frequency extra-ordinary waves. In the narrow spectrum case, it is found that a small but finite spread in the spectrum of turbulence has a stabilizing influence on the instability which exists for vanishing spectral width. In the wide spectrum case, the effect of a weak turbulent spectrum of extra-ordinary waves is to produce a slight shift in frequency of the coherent low frequency magneto-acoustic wave and to damp or excite the wave.     

Propagation of magnetoacoustic surface waves along static plasma slab surrounded by moving plasma and neutral gas

The existence and propagation of fast and slow magnetoacoustic surface waves (MASW) is investigated in our work by taking a theoretical model of a static plasma slab as the middle layer with a moving plasma region at the top and neutral gas medium as the bottom layer. Applying linear MHD, the dispersion relation is obtained and the propagation of magnetoacoustic surface waves, in the compressional limit for steady flow and for different values of dimensionless wave numbers, is analyzed. Steady flow of plasma along a structured atmosphere may cause enhancement of existing surface modes, disappearance of some modes and generation of new surface wave modes. The possible regions for the propagation of fast and slow surface and body waves for different mass density ratios and magnetic field ratios and with a small flow velocity are studied. Our discussion may help in analyzing more complicated cases.     

Weak magnetohydrodynamic turbulence of a magnetized plasma

A weak turbulence of the magnetohydrodynamic waves in a strongly magnetized plasma was studied in the case when the plasma pressure is small as compared to the magnetic field pressure. In this case, the principal nonlinear mechanism is the resonance scattering of fast magnetoacoustic and Alfvén waves on slow magnetoacoustic waves. Since the former waves are high-frequency (HF) with respect to the latter, the total number of HF waves in the system is conserved (adiabatic invariant). In the weak turbulence regime, this integral of motion generates a Kolmogorov spectrum with a constant flux of the number of HF waves toward the longwave region. The shortwave region features a Kolmogorov spectrum with a constant energy flux. An exact angular dependence of the turbulence spectra is determined for the wave propagation angles close to the average magnetic field direction.     

Magnetoacoustic solitons in pair-ion fullerene plasma

ABSTRACT

The propagation of magnetoacoustic (fast magnetohydrodynamic) waves in pair-ion (PI) fullerene plasma is studied in the linear and nonlinear regimes. The pair-ion (PI) fullerene plasma is theorized as homogeneous, magnetized, warm and collisionless. Employing multi-fluid magnetohydrodynamic model, the dispersion relation is obtained and wave dispersion effects which appear through ion inertial length are discussed. Using reductive perturbation technique (RPT), the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation is derived and its solution for small but finite amplitude magnetoacoustic solitons propagating in the direction perpendicular to the external magnetic field is presented. The compressive magnetoacoustic soliton (i.e. positive potential pulse) propagating with super Alfvénic speed is obtained in magnetized PI fullerene plasma. The variations in the amplitude and width of the magnetoacoustic soliton structures are also illustrated by using numerical values of the plasma parameters such as ions' density, temperature difference between fullerene ions and magnetic field intensity, which have been taken from the PI plasma experiments already published in the literature.     

Gradient Driven Azimuthal Ion Acoustic Waves

An instability of a magnetized plasma column in the frequency range has been identified as an ion acoustic one. The waves are azimuthally driven by the electron diamagnetic velocity due to the radial gradient of a fast electron tail. The strongest peaks in the frequency spectrum correspond to m = 6 or 8 wave lengths on one turn. This selection can be explained as an optimum value between increasing growth rate and the resonance disturbing phase mismatch at higher mode numbers.     

Brillouin spectroscopy of nonlinear magnetoacoustic resonances in a layered YIG/GGG structure

Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy is used to visualize the spatial structure of magnetoacoustic resonances in an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film on a gadolinium–gallium garnet (GGG) substrate under the strong influence of nonlinear processes of three magnon decay. It is shown that the decay processes result in the simultaneous excitation of magnetoacoustic resonances at two frequencies: those of the input signal and its half frequency. The distribution of coupled magnetic and elastic waves becomes much more complicated and the excitation threshold of magnetoacoustic resonances arises.     

Effect of relativistic elliptical beam modulation on excitation of surface plasma waves in a magnetized dusty plasma column with elliptical cross section

Abstract

The excitation of surface plasma waves due to the interaction of an elliptical relativistic density modulated electron beam with the magnetized dusty plasma column with elliptical cross-section has been studied. The dispersion relation of surface plasma waves has been retrieved from the derived dispersion relation by considering that the beam is absent and there is no dust in the plasma elliptical cylinder. It is shown that the Cherenkov and fast cyclotron interactions appear between the beam and eigen-modes of plasma column. The growth rate of the instability increases with the beam density and modulation index as one-third power of the beam density in Cherenkov interaction and is proportional to the square root of beam density in fast cyclotron interaction. The numerical results and graphs are presented, too.     

Magnetoacoustic Oscillations of a Plasma Containing Two Species of Ions

Numerical calculations of linear magnetoacoustic resonant phenomena in a plasma containing two species of ions have been made for a cylindrical plasma with a model which includes the effects of collisional damping and radial non-uniformities in temperature and number density. At sufficiently high temperatures two frequencies are predicted at which magnetoacoustic resonances for the first radial mode will occur. These are expected from considerations of the effects of the ion-ion hybrid resonance.     

On a new scenario for the saturation of the low-threshold two-plasmon parametric decay instability of an extraordinary wave in the inhomogeneous plasma of magnetic traps

The most probable scenario for the saturation of the low-threshold two-plasmon parametric decay instability of an electron cyclotron extraordinary wave has been analyzed. Within this scenario two upperhybrid plasmons at frequencies close to half the pump wave frequency radially trapped in the vicinity of the local maximum of the plasma density profile are excited due to the excitation of primary instability. The primary instability saturation results from the decays of the daughter upper-hybrid waves into secondary upperhybrid waves that are also radially trapped in the vicinity of the local maximum of the plasma density profile and ion Bernstein waves.     

Surface waves at the boundaries of relativistic plasma streams

A study is made of stable and unstable electromagnetic surface waves at the boundaries of the plane and cylindrical relativistic plasma streams in the frequency range corresponding to positive values of the plasma permittivity. It is demonstrated that there are critical parameters for the transition from slow to fast waves, namely, the angle between the velocity and the wave vector in plane geometry and the smallest mode number in cylindrical geometry. It is shown that the critical parameter for the onset of the firehose instability of an electron stream is the transverse size of the stream. Higher firehose modes of the stream are shown to be suppressed by applying a strong longitudinal magnetic field.     

Explosive instability of quasi-phonon triads in antiferromagnet under frequency modulated electromagnetic field

Compensation of nonlinear frequency shift of hybrid magnetoelastic waves (quasi-phonons) in the process of parametric three-boson coupling is studied theoretically and experimentally. The singular frequency modulation of electromagnetic pumping is proposed for the observation of explosive instability of quasi-phonon triads. The explosive supercritical dynamics is simulated theoretically on the basis of strong nonlinear equations of magnetoelastic dynamics and observed in α-Fe₂O₃ magnetoacoustic resonator.     

Alfvén Wave Amplification as a Result of Parametric Quasi-Resonant Interaction with Magnetoacoustic Waves in Heat-Releasing Isentropically Unstable Plasma

Russian Physics Journal - Quasi-resonant parametric decay of a magnetoacoustic wave into two Alfvén waves in a heat-releasing plasma is considered. It is shown that in the case of isentropical...     

Cylindrical magnetoacoustic solitons in plasma

Nonlinear cylindrical magnetoacoustic perturbations in a plasma are considered in the framework of the two-liquid collisionless electromagnetic model. The method of power expansion in a small parameter in extended space-time coordinates is used to obtain the cylindrical Korteweg-de Vries equation that describes nonlinear radial cylindrical waves. An approximate solution to this equation has the form of a cylindrical magnetoacoustic compression soliton.     

Parametric instabilities in single-walled carbon nanotubes

Parametric instabilities induced by the coupling excitation between the high frequency quantum Langmuir waves and the low frequency quantum ion-acoustic waves in single-walled carbon nanotubes are studied with a quantum Zakharov model. By linearizing the quantum hydrodynamic equations, we get the dispersion relations for the high frequency quantum Langmuir wave and the low frequency quantum ion-acoustic wave. Using two-time scale method, we obtain the quantum Zaharov model in the cylindrical coordinates. Decay instability and four-wave instability are discussed in detail. It is shown that the carbon nanotube＇s radius, the equilibrium discrete azimuthal quantum number, the perturbed discrete azimuthal quantum number, and the quantum parameter all play a crucial role in the instabilities.     

Propagation and Damping of Two-Fluid Magnetohydrodynamic Waves in Stratified Solar Atmosphere

An extreme ultra-violet(EUV) wave is characterized as a bright pulse that has emanated from the solar eruption source and can propagate globally in the solar corona. According to one leading theory, the EUV wave is a fast magnetoacoustic wave, as the coronal counterpart of the Moreton wave in the chromosphere. However, previous observations have shown that the EUV wave differs significantly from the Moreton wave in both velocity and lifetime. To reconcile these differences, here we analyze the wave characteristics of a two-fluid MHD model in the stratified solar atmosphere with a height-dependent ionization rate. It is found that the collision between neutral and ionized fluids is able to attenuate the wave amplitude, while causing a slight change in its propagation velocity. Because the chromosphere has the lower ionization rate and the stronger magnetic fields than the corona,the velocity of the Moreton wave is much higher than that of the EUV wave. In contrast to the Moreton waves damped strongly by the collision between neutral and ionized fluids, the EUV wave in the fully ionized corona is able to propagate globally on a time scale of several hours. Our results support the previous theory that fast magnetoacoustic waves account for both EUV and Moreteon waves in the different layers of the solar atmosphere.     

On the Nonlinear Processes During Generation of Current Drive

The manifestations of the induced scattering effects in the generation process of current driven by lower-hybrid (LH) waves are studied taking into account the radiative-resonant interactions. The influence extent of the LH wave modulational instability on current drive is estimated. It is shown that the induced scattering of LH waves on plasma particles leads to a change of the LH waves spectrum and through this leads to an essential influence on fast electrons generation rate and the steady-state current drive. The modulational instability of LH waves can provide a “spectral gap” filling in the case of sufficiently strong LH wave pumping.