Oxygenated acids of the reserve lipids of Rumex paulsenianus

The composition of the fatty mono- and dihydroxy acids of the fruit ofRumex paulsenianus Rech. fil. (familyPolygonaceae) has been determined by a combination of IRS, UVS, GLC, and mass-spectrometric methods. (22) Monohydroxy acids of the C₁₄–C₂₀ series, including isomers and isologues, and four dihydroxy acids from C₁₈ to C₂₀, including a new isomeric 9-OH-10, 12–17:2 acid have been detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 762–765, November–December, 1991.     

General characteristics of the polysaccharides of brown algae

Summary From an acetonic extract of the roots ofFerula samarcandica Kor. have been isolated farnesiferol A, gummosin, and two new coumarin substances, samarcandin C₂₄H_30–32O₅ and samarcandone C₂₄H_28–30O₅. Samarcandin has been converted into samarcandone and their probable structures-I and II-have been established.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 73–77, 1968     

Chromatopolarographic determination of the alkaloids from the seeds ofHaplophyllum perforatum

Summary 1. The polarographic behavior of haploperine, haplopine, haplophyllidine, and perforine in Britton-Robinson buffer solutions and in (C₂H₅)₄NOH solutions has been studied. Optimum conditions for their quantitative determination in solutions within the range of concentrations from 5×10^–4 to 1×10^–2 M have been found.2. A method for the separate quantitative determination of the alkaloids in the seeds ofH. perforatum has been developed.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 333–337, 1966     

Alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides tricrotonyltetramine

Summary From the fraction of strong bases ofSophora alopecuroides (flowering stage) a base C₁₂H₂₄N₄, mp 101–103°C, has been isolated which has been identified as tricrotonyltetramine. Its stereoconfiguration has been established.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 752–754, November–December, 1974.     

Alkaloids of Stephania hernandifolia VIII. Methylhernandine

Summary A new hasubanan alkaloid with the composition C₂₀H₂₇O₆N, mp 152–153°C (ether-methanol) has been isolated from the herbStephania hernandifolia and has been called methylhernandine. The alkaloid has been shown to be identical with the methylamino alcohol obtained in the hydrolysis of hernandifoline.All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 455–457, July–August.     

Phospholipase A2 from the venom of the spider Eresus niger

A phospholipase A₂ with a molecular mass of 12–14 kDa has been isolated from the venom of the spiderEresus niger by three-stage column chromatography. Asparagine has been identified as the N-terminal amino acid.Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 557–560, July–August, 1991.     

Co-hydrolysis products of tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane in the presence of tetramethylammonium ions: Part 2 [1]

²⁹Si NMR peaks due to species with the double four-membered ring siloxane backbone composed of both Si(O^–)_4/2 and CH₃Si(O^–)_3/2 units, (CH₃) _n Si₈O _{20 – n} ^{/(8 – n) –} (n=1–3), formed by co-hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane in the presence of tetramethylammonium ions in methanol have been assigned. It has been found that ²⁹Si NMR peaks due to Si(OSi)₃(O^–) units shift to lower frequencies by replacement of the adjacent Si(O^–)_4/2 units by CH₃Si(O^–)_3/2 units, in other words, with increasing m value in Si[OSi(O^–)₃]_{3 – m} [OSi(CH₃) (O^–)₂] _m (O^–) (m=0–2). Peaks from CH₃ Si(OSi)₃ units in the species have also appeared as separated due to the kind of neighbor structural units. On the basis of the assignments, positions of CH₃Si(O^–)_3/2 units in the cubic octameric siloxane framework of (CH₃) _n Si₈O _{20 – n} ^{/(8 – n) –} (n=2, 3), for both of which three isomers are present, have been estimated.     

Synthesis of racemic 5,9-dimethylheptadecane, the sex pheromone of Leucoptera scitella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetidae)

A new synthesis of racemic 5,9-dimethylheptadecane, from the readily available geranyl acetate, has been effected. Field trials have revealed its high attraction activity forL. scitella males.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Biological Methods of Plant Protection, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 844–847, November–December, 1991.     

Investigation of the biological properties of Central Asian sea buckthorn growing in the province of Kansu (China)

The Central Asian sea buckthorn growing in the province of Kansu in China (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.,subsp. turkestanica Rousi) [1] has been studied for the presence of biochemical substances: amino acids, microelements, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, free fatty acids, vitamins A and C, and flavonoids. A comparison of it with Chinese sea buckthorn in relation to a number of biochemical components has been made.Analytical and Experimental Center, Kansu Province, Lan-chow, China. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 135–137, January–February, 1991.     

Development of a method for determining bornyl acetate in the products of the processing of Abies sibirica

Summary The conditions for the reaction of esters—bornyl acetate—with an alkaline solution of hydroxylamine have been studied by the method of steepest ascent. A method has been developed for determining esters in a CO₂ extract ofAbies sibirica.Krasnodar Scientific-Research Institute of the Food Industry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 303–306, May–June, 1976.     

An isomer of coronopilin

Conclusions From the racemes ofC. xanthifolia Fresen. have been isolated a sesquiterpene lactone C₁₆H₂₀O₄, the structural (+)-isomer of (–)-coronopilin, which has not been studied previously; structure I has been proposed for it.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 375–377, 1969     

Alkaloids ofUngernia severtzovii (RG1) B. Fed.

Summary 1.Ungernia severtzovii has yielded lycorine, hippeastrine, 1-narwedine, d-narwedine, dl-narwedine, ungerwine, unsevine, galanthamine, tazettine, pancratine, and ungminorine; 1-narwedine and unsevine have been obtained from the plant for the first time.2. Unsevine has the structure of 9, 10-methylenedioxy-5-methoxy-12-hydroxy-N-methylbenzopyranoindole with a double bond between C_3a and C₄.3. Interconversions of unsevine, ungerine, and hippeastrine have been effected.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 322–328, 1965     

Investigation of a CO2 extract of the fruit of Capsicum annuum

Summary The composition of a CO₂ extract of the fruit of the pepperCapsicum annuum L. with respect to the main classes of compounds has been studied. A method has been developed for the extraction and quantitative determination of capsaicine.Krasnodar Scientific-Research Institute of the Food Industry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 481–485, July–August, 1974.     

Extraction of the total alkaloids from the epigeal part of Aconitum orientale

The process of extracting the total alkaloids fromAconitum orientale with aqueous solutions of a number of electrolytes has been investigated. It has been established that it is most desirable to use 2% solutions of H₂SO₄ and 5% solutions of CH₃COOH. The optimum parameters of the process have been found, under which the degree of extraction of the total alkaloids averages 96%.I. G. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Georgian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 816–821, November–December, 1991.     

Coumarins of Fraxinus mandschurica and F. potamophila

Summary The leaves ofFraxinus mandschurica Rupr. and the bark ofF. potamophila Herd. have yielded esculetin, fraxinol, and a new coumarin C₁₀H₈O₅, mp 228–230°C which we have called isofraxetin. On the basis of NMR and UV spectroscopy it has been established that isofraxetin is 5,7-dihydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Turkmen SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 493–497, July–August, 1973.     

A new acid from the oil of the seeds of Sambucus nigra

Summary A new keto hydroxy acid (I) C₁₈H₃₀O₆ has been isolated from the fatty oil of the seeds ofSambucus nigra in an amount of 2% of the total fatty acids. A study of its chemical properties and spectral characteristics has shown that it is probably 11-hydroxy-9,15,16-trioxooctadeconoic acid, and that it consists of a keto-enol mixture containing about 30% of the two equiprobable tautomers (II and III); it has been given the name of caprifolonic acid.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–8, January–February, 1972.     

New quinone from a marine sponge of the order dictyoceratida

Two pigments of quinoid nature, one of which has been identified as ilimaquinone, have been isolated from a hexane extract of a marine spongeHyatella sp., family Spongiidae, order Dictyoceratida. The second was a new benzoquinone of the drimane series with the composition C₂₂H₃₂O₅, which has been called hyatoquinone. Its structure has been established on the basis of spectral characteristics and chemical transformations.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, USSR Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 793–796, November–December, 1987.     

The structure of a sesquiterpene lactone from Artemisia fragrans

Summary From the epigeal part ofArtemisia fragrans Willd. a new sesquiterpene lactone C₁₅H₂₀O₄ has been isolated which has been called alkhanin.It has been shown that alkhanin has the structure (I).V. L. Komarov Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaidzhan SSR, Baku. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 75–77, January–February, 1978.     

The structures of chimganin and chimgin

Summary The roots ofFerula tschimganica Lipsky have yielded two new compounds with the compositions C₁₈H₂₄O₄ (mp 85°C) and C₁₇H₂₂O₃ (mp 155°C), which have been calledchimganin andchimgin. On the basis of their UV, IR, and NMR spectra and the products of alkaline hydrolysis, it has been shown that chimganin is the ester of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid and chimgin that of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with (+)-borneol.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 59–63, January–February, 1972.