纳米SiO2/HPAM/SDS分散体系稳定性的改进及其对驱油性能的影响

分析了60℃、1. 0×104mg/L氯化钠盐水和模拟地层水中纳米SiO2/HPAM/SDS分散体系的浊度实验及Zeta电位,发现Ca2+、Mg2+离子是体系失去稳定性的主要原因。根据沉降实验及Zeta电位分析仪探讨了降低p H值和添加络合剂对模拟地层水中纳米SiO2/HPAM/SDS体系稳定性的改善效果及机理,同时利用流变仪及界面张力仪分析了两种方法对体系驱油性能的影响。结果表明,p H值降低,体系的Zeta电位绝对值降低,但SiO2周围H+保护层的形成及水化作用力的增强改善了体系的稳定性;络合剂Na2EDTA、ATM P和Na4EDTA均能增强体系的稳定性,Na2EDTA和ATM P络合Ca2+、Mg2+的同时降低了体系的p H值,而体系的黏度随p H值的降低急剧下降; Na4EDTA加入后,体系的p H值增大,稳定配位化合物的形成使体系的Zeta电位绝对值、黏度、储能模量和损耗模量增加,降低界面张力的能力增强。因此,在SiO2质量分数为0. 5%的体系中加入质量分数为0. 4%的Na4EDTA(最佳质量分数),采收率提高了3. 1%。     

高分散性SiO2/PMMA复合材料的制备与表征——纳米SiO2在MMA中的分散

用硅烷偶联剂3-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)对分散于乙醇中的纳米SiO2进行偶联改性,再通过介质置换和原位本体聚合制得SiO2/甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)单体分散液和SiO2/PMMA复合材料.红外光谱分析(FTIR)和热重分析(TG)结合洗提实验考察了SiO2表面MPS的偶联率和偶联效率,透射电镜(TEM...     

原位分散紫外光固化SiO2纳米复合材料的性质

丙烯酸酯聚合物;原位分散紫外光固化SiO2纳米复合材料的性质     

PTFE/纳米SiO2复合材料的制备及其力学性能

聚合物／纳米级无机粒子复合材料是纳米材料中的一种具有重要价值的新型材料,可广泛应用于橡胶、塑料、纤维三大合成材料之中。采用纳米级无机粒子填充聚合物基复合材料,可以在材料的补强、增韧等改性中获得良好的效果。本文以纳米SiO2为填料,将其经过有机处理后,制备了FIFE／纳米SiO2复合材料,并研究了纳米SiO2的含量对PTFE复合材料性能的影响。     

吸附相反应技术制备纳米TiO2/SiO2复合材料

以SiO₂表面形成的吸附层为反应器,在载体表面制备了纳米TiO₂粒子.溶剂置换实验直接给出了吸附层的存在以及吸附层作为纳米反应器的实验证据,TEM,XRD和电子能谱分析表明,载体表面形成一层比较均匀的纳米粒子.初步探讨了温度和反应物浓度对产物分布的影响,分析了各种现象产生的可能成因.     

纳米级SiO2填充PVC/CPE复合材料研究

80年代以后发展起来的纳米材料被称为"21世纪最有前途的材料",已成为材料学中跨世纪的研究热点[1].纳米级无机粒子/聚合物复合材料是纳米材料中的一种具有重要价值的新型材料,可广泛应用于橡胶、塑料、纤维三大合成材料之中[2].其中,纳米级SiO2是纳米材料中的重要一员,它被称作跨世纪的高科技材料[3].因此, 本文就纳米级SiO2填充PVC/CPE复合材料进行探讨.     

高分散性SiO2/PMMA复合材料的制备与表征——SiO2在纤维内的分散

将复杂接枝(接枝率为1540.3％)、简单接枝(接枝率为484.4％)和未接枝3种具有不同接枝交联结构的SiO2/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合材料作为无机预分散母料,通过与PMMA树脂的溶液共混,制得一系列PMMA/SiO2/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)高分子溶液,再将其应用于静电纺丝制备相应的电纺复合纤维.发现,只有简单接枝复合材料所制共混高分子溶液具有较好的可纺性,且通过纺丝工艺和配方的改变,即可较方便地调控电纺纤维的尺寸和SiO2含量.进一步通过粒度分析(DLS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)考察SiO2在高分子溶液和电纺复合纤维内的分散状态;通过超声水洗、氢氟酸刻蚀并结合马弗炉锻烧实验,定量评估SiO2在电纺复合纤维体系各部分中的分布情况.结果表明,通过上述简单过程,即可较方便地实现绝大部分简单接枝SiO2在PMMA/DMF高分子溶液和PMMA电纺纤维内初级粒子形式的高度均匀稳定分散.     

尼龙66/SiO2纳米微粒复合材料的结晶行为

采用双螺杆熔融共混法制备了尼龙66/S iO2纳米微粒复合材料,用X射线衍射法和示差扫描量热法比较了干态和湿态两种制备条件下复合材料的结晶行为;并用修正的Avram i方程的Jeziorny法研究了纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学行为.     

LLDPE/纳米SiO2膜的光学性能

LLDPE;农膜;LLDPE/纳米SiO2膜的光学性能     

单分散空心SiO2纳米微球的合成与表征

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)功能化的聚苯乙烯(PS)粒子在SiO2包覆的同时被乙醇/氨水介质溶解, 得到了单分散空心SiO2纳米微球. 该空心SiO2纳米微球的尺寸和形态可以通过PVP, NH4OH和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)的用量来调节. PVP用量增加导致PS粒子变小, 从而得到较小的空心SiO2纳米微球; NH4OH用量增加, 空心SiO2纳米微球表面变得粗糙; TEOS用量增加, 空心SiO2纳米微球的壳层厚度增加. 包覆(溶解)温度是控制空心SiO2纳米微球形成的最有效手段. 在70 ℃的包覆(溶解)温度下可以获得全部空心的SiO2纳米微球.     

An ab initio MO study on structures and energetics of CH2Si2, CH2Si2, and CH2Si2

The geometric structures and isomeric stabilities of various stationary points in CH₂Si₂ neutral, cation and anion are investigated at the coupled-cluster singles, doubles (triples) (CCSD(T)) level of theory. For the geometrical survey, the basis sets used are of the cc-pVTZ for the neutral and cation. The final energies are calculated by the use of the CCSD(T) level of theory with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set at their optimized geometries. To the competitive two-anion isomers, the aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets are applied. The global minimum (N-1) of the CH₂Si₂ neutral has a quite different framework from those of the C₃H₂ (cyclopropenylidene) and Si₃H₂ (trisilacyclopropenylidene) neutrals. No competitive low-lying isomers are found in the CH₂Si₂ neutral. The attractive conformer (C-1) is predicted for the most stable cation, where its framework is quite different from that of the neutral N-1. Both H atoms are connected to the same C atom, but each C–H bond length is different from each other. Two competitive anion isomers with positive (real) electron affinities are predicted. The framework of the most stable anion A-1 is quite similar to that of the cation C-1, whereas both H atoms are equally connected to the same C atom. The framework of the anion isomer A-2 is the same as that in the neutral N-1. The vertical and adiabatic ionization potentials from the most stable neutral N-1 are 9.02 and 8.71 eV, respectively. The adiabatic electron affinity of the lowest lying isomer N-1 is only 0.43 eV and the vertical electron detachment energy form the global minimum anion (A-1) is 2.02 eV. The multi-centered Si–H–Si bonds are found in the neutral, cation, and anion.     

Eu2O3修饰对纳米TiO2热稳定性及光催化活性的影响

通过浸渍过程实现了Eu2O3对溶胶水热法合成的锐钛矿相TiO2纳米粒子的表面修饰改性.重点研究了表面修饰对纳米锐钛矿相热稳定性及光催化活性的影响.结果表明,Eu2O3表面修饰抑制了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变,相变温度由550℃左右升高到700℃左右,提高了纳米锐钛矿相TiO2的热稳定性,这与Eu2O3修饰在表面而阻碍了锐钛矿纳米粒子的直接接触有关.与未修饰的TiO2相比,经过700℃高温热处理的Eu2O3修饰的TiO2样品表现出了较高的光催化活性,这与其结晶度提高而有利于光生电荷分离有关.     

CeO2/TiO2光催化剂的制备及其可见光脱氮性能

采用溶胶-凝胶和浸渍掺杂两步法合成了CeO₂/TiO₂光催化剂,并对催化剂的理化结构进行表征分析;以吡啶-正辛烷体系为模拟油品氮源,研究了该催化剂在可见光作用下的光催化脱氮行为,并探究了光催化脱氮的最佳反应条件。 结果表明,掺杂的铈主要以CeO₂的形式存在,且增强了催化剂在可见光区的吸收;在可见光辐照150 min的条件下,铈的掺杂量质量分数为8%,所制备的CeO₂/TiO₂催化剂投入量为1.0 g/L时,模拟油品中吡啶的脱氮率高达76.45%。     

High performance hybrid supercapacitor based on hierarchical MoS2/Ni3S2 metal chalcogenide

Herein, we synthesized hierarchical MoS₂/Ni₃S₂ structures as electrode materials grown on nickel foam by a facile hydrothermal strategy. The hierarchical MoS₂/Ni₃S₂ structures show high specific capacitance.     

Yb_2O_3助剂对Ni/SiC催化剂甲烷二氧化碳重整性能的影响

采用浸渍法制备了Ni/SiC和Ni-Ybx/SiC(x=2%、4%、6%、10%,质量分数)催化剂,在固定床反应装置中考察了催化剂在甲烷二氧化碳重整反应中的性能。利用BET、ICP-AES、XRD、H2-TPR、TG-DTA、XPS和TEM等技术对催化剂进行了表征。实验结果表明,Yb的适宜添加量为4%~6%。在800℃条件下Ni-Yb4/SiC和Ni-Yb6/SiC催化剂具有优异的催化活性和稳定性,在100 h的重整反应中,甲烷和二氧化碳的转化率始终保持在90%以上。Yb2O3助剂能够抑制镍颗粒的生长和减少碳沉积量,因此,Ni-Yb/SiC催化剂在连续反应中表现出稳定的活性。     

High-pressure modifications of CaZn2, SrZn2, SrAl2, and BaAl2: Implications for Laves phase structural trends

High-pressure forms of intermetallic compounds with the composition CaZn₂, SrZn₂, SrAl₂, and BaAl₂ were synthesized from CeCu₂-type precursors (CaZn₂, SrZn₂, SrAl₂) and Ba₂₁Al₄₀ by multi-anvil techniques and investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (SrAl₂ and BaAl₂), X-ray single-crystal diffraction (CaZn₂), and electron microscopy (SrZn₂). Their structures correspond to that of Laves phases. Whereas the dialuminides crystallize in the cubic MgCu₂ (C15) structure, the dizincides adopt the hexagonal MgZn₂ (C14) structure. This trend is in agreement with the structural relationship displayed by sp bonded Laves phase systems at ambient conditions.     

Research and application of ultralow interfacial tension oil displacement agent

An ultralow interfacial tension (IFT) oil displacement agent, which was a surfactant combinational system (HCS) with good salt and heat resistance, was synthesized using amphoteric betaine (AMS)/anionic sulfonate (AKS)/nonionic alkyl amide (NIS). The interface tensiometer was used to test the IFT. The results showed that the oil–water IFT could be as low as 10^?4 mN/m when the salinity is 10,000～50,000?mg/L, the concentration is 1～5?g/L, and the temperature is 40～80°C. The surfactant system has good emulsification stability. The displacement simulation experiments demonstrated that the increment of the recovery ratio can be up to 14.1%. The surfactant system could meet the demands of site operation.     

SiO2改性的V2O5-MoO3/ TiO2催化剂抗碱中毒性能研究

以陶瓷为骨架,用溶胶凝胶法和浸渍法制备了V₂O₅-MoO₃/ TiO₂催化剂,并用SiO₂进行改性。采用浸渍法模拟碱K中毒,研究了SiO₂改性前后催化剂中毒脱硝效率的变化,并通过BET、H₂-TPR、NH₃-TPD等技术手段对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,加入SiO₂后,催化剂的比表面积明显提高。SiO₂改性后新鲜催化剂还原温度向低温方向迁移10 ℃左右,氧化还原能力得到了提高,其表面酸强度和酸量也得到较大的提高。反应评价结果表明,SiO₂改性可以提高催化剂抗碱中毒的性能。     

Dipole polarizability pseudospectra and C6 dispersion coefficients for H2–H2

Pseudostate decomposition of static dipole polarizabilities for ground state H₂⁺ from a Givens-Householder diagonalization of the excitation operator (

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H" height="17" width="20">₀−E₀) over an N-term basis of appropriate symmetry allows for a rapidly convergent evaluation of C₆ dispersion coefficients for H₂⁺–H₂⁺. 27-term pseudospectra of hypergeneralized James functions with a 30-term GGJ⁺ unperturbed wavefunction with an optimized scale factor δ=0.918 at R=2₀ give C₆ and γ₆ values that are accurate to no less than nine significant figures.