Elastic properties of KGd(WO4)2:Ho3+ single crystals studied by Brillouin spectroscopy

The analysis some of the acoustic phonons propagating in pure and Ho³⁺‐doped KGd(WO₄)₂ single crystals in the GHz frequency range by Brillouin scattering method has been presented. For investigated crystals the velocities of the longitudinal and transverse acoustic phonons [100], [010], [001], [101], [101] and [110] have been determined. Moreover, the value of elastic constants C₂₂, C₄₄ and C₆₆ of pure and Ho³⁺‐doped KGd(WO₄)₂ single crystals have been estimated. It was revealed that the presence of the Ho³⁺‐ions in KGd(WO₄)₂ crystals, for the used doping concentration 1 at% and 8 at%, does not influence their elastic properties. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Contribution to the study of elastic properties of KGd(WO4)2:Er3+ single crystals by Brillouin spectroscopy

In this paper we present the study of the acoustic phonons propagating in Er³⁺‐doped KGd(WO₄)₂ single crystals by Brillouin spectroscopy. For the investigated crystals the velocities of the longitudinal and transverse acoustic phonons [100], [010], [001], [101] and [110] have been determined. Moreover, the values of the elastic constants: C₂₂, C₄₄ and C₆₆ of Er³⁺‐doped KGd(WO₄)₂ single crystals have been estimated. It was revealed that the presence of the Er³⁺‐ions in KGd(WO₄)₂ crystals, for the used doping concentration 1 at% does not influence their elastic properties. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Er,Yb:KGd(WO4)2激光晶体的生长

采用顶部籽晶熔盐法,以K2WO4为助熔剂生长出铒、镱共掺钨酸钆钾[Er,Yb：KGd（WO4）2简称Er,Yb：KGW]激光晶体。XRD分析结果表明晶体为低温相Er,Yb：KGW晶体,即β-Er,Yb：KGW晶体。通过差热分析测量,确定其相变温度和熔点分别为1020℃和1080℃。测量了晶体190-2000nm的室温透过光谱,结果表明除980nm的吸收谱带是Er^3＋离子和Yb^3＋离子的共同谱带之外,其余均属于Er^3＋离子。     

Growth and Properties of Potassium Holmium Double Tungstate KHo(WO4)2

Potassium holmium tungstate KHo(WO₄)₂ crystal, as other tungstates, shows the high temperature irreversible structural phase transition. Owing to this, KHo(WO₄)₂ single crystals were grown due to spontaneous crystallisation with use of the High Temperature Solution Growth technique, which allows to lower the temperature of crystallisation below the temperature of the phase transition. K₂W₂O₇ was used as a solvent. It provides a very wide temperature range of crystallisation and does not introduce additional impurities into the melt. The starting flux contained 20 mol% of KHo(WO₄)₂ dissolved in K₂W₂O₇. It was found that potassium holmium double tungstate is pleochroic. The two different optical spectra: one spectrum for electrical vector of linearly polarised light parallel to optical Y axis (main spectrum) and second one for electrical vector perpendicular to Y axis were measured.     

Nd∶NaY(WO4)2激光晶体生长

采用提拉法生长出了四方晶系白钨矿结构的Nd:NaY(WO4)2(简称Nd∶NYW)激光晶体,尺寸为20mm×30mm.通过TG-DTA差热分析得到晶体的熔点为1211℃,从XRD分析得到晶胞参数为a=b=0.5212nm ,c=1.1268nm ,晶胞体积V=0.3062nm3.讨论了Nd∶NYW晶体的生长工艺,给出了晶体生长的最佳工艺参数.通过比较Nd∶NaBi(WO4)2(简称Nd∶NBW)和Nd:NYW的XRD、红外光谱和拉曼光谱测试结果,认为二者结构基本相同,为四方晶系白钨矿结构、I(4)空间群.     

Elastic and elasto‐optical properties of Rb1–x(NH4)xH2AsO4 mixed crystals studied by Brillouin spectroscopy

The elastic and elasto‐optical properties of Rb_1–x (NH₄)_x H₂AsO₄ mixed crystals were studied by Brillouin spectroscopy at room temperature. The measurements were made on single crystals obtained from the aqueous solution by slow evaporation. The behaviour of bulk phonons propagating in investigated crystals was studied for different polarisations of incident and scattered beam. The components of the tensors of elasto‐optical and elastic properties of the crystals studied were determined. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Effect of foreign phases on the growth of NaBi(WO4)2 crystals

Single crystals of NaBi(WO₄)₂ (NBW) have been grown by Czochralski technique, employing differently synthesized starting charge and different axial temperature gradients. The causes behind inherent problems related to compositional changes and associated lowering in crystallization temperature have been probed by analyzing XRD and DTA patterns of post growth residual charge. Presence of low melting phases viz. Na₂WO₄ and hitherto unreported compound Na₅Bi(WO₄)₄ is thought to be responsible for the observed decrease in crystallization temperature. This problem was tackled by segregating pure phase material through re‐crystallization, under high axial temperature gradient. The use of re‐crystallized charge enabled transformation of almost the entire charge into a single crystal of high transparency. The effect of starting charge synthesis and temperature gradient on the optical transmission characteristics of NBW crystal has also been investigated. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Elastic properties of zinc tris(thiourea) sulphate in a wide temperature range studied by Brillouin spectroscopy

The elastic properties of the zinc tris (thiourea) sulphate crystal were studied by Brillouin spectroscopy in the range 80 – 300 K. The measurements were made on single crystals obtained by the isothermal method. The temperature dependences of the Brillouin shift were determined for the crystal in the principal directions and in a few mixed directions on a tandem type spectrometer. The results revealed anomalies in the bulk wave propagation rate and in a few elastic constants at about 138 K. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Acoustic properties of aspirin in its various phases and transformation stages studied by Brillouin scattering

The acoustic behaviors of aspirin were studied in its crystal, liquid, glass states as well as transformation stages between them. The Brillouin doublet of the longitudinal acoustic (LA) mode propagating to the [100] direction of aspirin crystals showed a splitting in a temperature range of 393-413 K below the melting temperature, which indicated a softening and distortion of the layered aspirin crystal in its premelting stage. One LA mode was observed in the liquid and glassy phases of aspirin, consistent with Brillouin selection rule for isotropic materials. The acoustic damping in the glassy aspirin was systematically higher than that in the crystal aspirin, which was in contrast to ibuprofen materials. These suggested different activity of remnant local dynamics that could couple to the acoustic waves, persistent in the glassy state of these two representative pharmaceuticals. In the supercooled liquid phase, the Brillouin spectrum displayed a new spectral feature characterized by a high-frequency cutoff and a distributed low-frequency contribution other than the Brillouin peak of the amorphous aspirin. This could be ascribed to the formation of crystalline grains in the glassy matrix due to cold crystallization.     

PEG-400辅助水热合成NaLa(WO4)2及掺杂Eu3+发光性能的研究

通过PEG-400辅助水热法制备了NaLa(WO4)2,利用XRD、SEM、FTIR、TG等方法对粉体的结构、形貌、成分进行了表征.研究结果表明,pH值变化从pH=1.0到pH=9.0时,产物会发生由WO3-NaLa(WO4)2的物相转化.在180℃,pH =9.0,VPEG-400∶VH2O=1∶1时获得单分散“千层酥”状三维微晶NaLa(WO4)2,Eu3+掺入后,在λex=394 nm的激发波长下,Eu3+的5D0→7F2的跃迁强度远大于5D0→7F1的跃迁强度,Eu3+处于NaLa(WO4)2晶格非反演对称中心位置,粉体表现出较强的红光发射,继续增大Eu3+掺杂量至20mol;,会出现浓度猝灭.     

CdGd2(WO4)4单晶的结构与磁性研究

采用提拉法生长尺寸为φ12mm×50mm的钨酸钆镉单晶,名义组分为CdGd2(WO4)4,研究表明该晶体具有白钨矿结构,属于四方晶系,晶格常数为a=b=0.5203nm,c=1.1359nm.样品的磁性测量质量比磁化强度与温度σ-T曲线,以及室温下磁化曲线σ-H,都表明晶体具有朗之万顺磁性,但又具有磁各向异性,室温下的x//=3.5018×10-3,χ⊥=3.4403×10-2;电子自旋共振实验也显示出各向异性的特征.a-b平面的两个最近邻Gd3+离子间电子自旋耦合作用较强,沿晶体c轴方向Gd3+离子间电子自旋耦合作用较弱,晶体的磁各向异性体现了晶体的结构特征.     

Growth and characterization of Ytterbium doped KGd(WO4)2 single crystal

Single crystals of Ytterbium doped KGd(WO₄)₂ were grown by Top Seeded Solution Growth technique using K₂WO₄ as flux system. The growth parameters were optimised to get optically transparent crystals. Variation in the lattice parameters were observed in comparison to the pure KGd(WO₄)₂ crystals. The absorption spectra recorded for the Yb:KGW confirms the material suitability for diode pumped solid state lasers. The vibrational studies carried out using spontaneous Raman spectra indicate the strong anionic vibration of the material. PL spectra show the lasing channel of the laser active ions present. Stimulated Raman scattering analysis confirms the material as an efficient Raman laser material. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Nd:NaY(WO4)2激光晶体光谱性能研究

Nd:NaY(WO4)2 是一种性能优良的激光晶体.本文采用提拉法生长了Nd:NaY(WO4)2晶体,测试了该晶体的吸收光谱和光荧光光谱.结果表明,该晶体在804nm、752nm、586nm附近有较强、较宽的吸收峰,适合于LD泵浦.从光荧光光谱得到发射波长分别为1064nm和1350nm,并计算了晶体的吸收截面和发射截面.     

Growth and characterization of KBi(WO4)2 single crystals

Potassium bismuth tungstate [KBi(WO₄)₂] single crystals with dimensions up to 20 mm × 15 mm × 15 mm have been successfully grown by using the top‐seeded solution growth technique and K₂W₂O₇ as solvent. Experiments show that this crystal is unstable in a strong acid or alkali environment and has a blue fluorescence emission. The density, hardness, melting point, absorption edge, transparency range, prominent Raman shift frequency are 7.57 g/cm³, 238 kg/mm², 800 °C, 380 nm, 400–5450 nm, 868 cm^–1 respectively. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

钨酸铋钠晶体电子结构的理论模拟

应用嵌入分子团簇的相对论密度泛函理论和离散变分(DVM)计算程序,对Na、Bi两种不同占位状态钨酸铋钠晶体的电子结构进行了理论计算.经计算,(Bi4Na4W5O20)6+团簇的禁带宽度为4.1eV,与实际晶体的禁带宽度相符;导带底主要是W5d轨道与Bi6p1/2轨道,而价带顶则主要由O2p轨道组成;Bi轨道能级受Na、Bi离子占位因素影响较大.     

大尺寸优质激光晶体Nd3+/Yb3+∶NaY(WO4)2的生长和性能研究

采用提拉法生长了尺寸为φ25 mm×100 mm的大尺寸Nd3+与Yb3+掺杂的NaY(WO4)2晶体.对晶体的生长习性进行了讨论,利用XRD对晶体进行了相分析.测试了晶体的热膨胀特性,得到了主轴方向的热膨胀系数,测得沿c轴的膨胀系数大约为a轴的两倍.在室温下测试了Yb3掺杂的NaY( WO4)2晶体的吸收谱、荧光光谱和相关能级的荧光衰减,用标准与改进的J-O理论分析了吸收光谱与荧光光谱.结果表明,Yb3+掺杂的NaY( WO4)2晶体有着较好的光谱性能参数.采用氙灯泵浦Nd3+掺杂的NaY( WO4)2,实现了1.06 μm波段786 mJ的激光输出,同时在LD泵浦下,采用LBO晶体倍频,实现了87 mW的激光输出,基频光光转换效率为25;,斜率效率为7.98;.     

Linear optical properties and Raman spectroscopy of natural fluorapatite

Precision refractive indices and their dispersion in the visible and near IR range (430 – 2400 nm) and thermal expansion (including its anisotropy and temperature dependence between 144 K and 673 K) were determined for gem‐quality crystals of fluorapatite from Durango, Mexico. In addition, results of a polarized Raman spectroscopy study on these crystals are given. Fluorapatite crystals show moderate values of thermal expansion with small anisotropy. The linear optical properties of the crystals allow no phase matching for third harmonic generation, but signalize, together with the Raman characteristics, a potential suitability of fluorapatite as nonlinear optical material for χ⁽³⁾‐based stimulated Raman scattering.     

NaY(WO4)2:Sm3+粉末的制备及荧光性能

以柠檬酸三钠为结合剂,采用水热法结合高温烧结两步法制备了一系列NaY_1-x(WO₄)₂:xSm³⁺(x=0、0.005、0.010、0.015、0.020、0.025、0.030)粉末。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和荧光性能(PL)对粉末的相结构、形貌、成分以及发光性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,所合成粉末为NaY(WO₄)₂的纯相,属四方晶系白钨矿结构,其形貌为3D花形。在405 nm的光激发下,NaY(WO₄)₂:Sm³⁺粉末在600 nm处具有最高的荧光强度,对应于Sm³⁺的⁴G_5/2→⁶H_7/2磁偶极跃迁,观察到橙红光发射,且Sm³⁺最佳掺杂摩尔分数为0.015时,粉末显示出最强的荧光发射强度。     

Crystal growth and structure of KBi(WO4)2 single crystals

Potassium bismuth tungstate [KBi(WO₄)₂] single crystals have been grown by the top‐seeded solution growth technique. Bulk crystal with dimensions up to several centimeters is obtained for the first time. Several self‐flux systems have been used for the growth from the solution and the experiments using K₂W₂O₇ as a solvent are detailed. Powder and single crystal X‐ray diffraction of this crystal are reported. The structure refinement shows that KBi(WO₄)₂ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with a=10.837(3), b=10.586(3), c=7.622(2)Å, β=130.860(3)°, V=661.4(3)ų, and Z=4. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

碱式磷酸锌光学性质的理论计算及其实验验证

Zn2(OH)PO4(ZPOH)属于正交晶系,其空间群为P21212,该结构没有对称中心.基于赝势平面波方法,计算了ZPOH的电子结构,线性折射率和倍频(SHG)系数,并拟合了色散方程.为了验证计算值,使用水热法合成了ZPOH微晶,实验测得其SHG效应与理论计算相符,同时测试了ZPOH的紫外(UV)吸收边及其热稳定性.