钨酸钡晶体本征点缺陷的模拟计算

本文利用晶格动力学软件GULP模拟计算了钨酸钡晶体的本征点缺陷,首先利用驰豫拟合的方法得到离子之间的相互作用势,利用这些相互作用势计算得到的结果与实验结果吻合得很好,在此基础上计算晶体本征缺陷的生成能,通过对本征点缺陷生成能的分析得到以下结论:钨酸钡晶体内V2+O的数量要大于V2-Ba的数量;钨酸钡晶体内缺陷态主要以V2-Ba-V2+O空位对和F色心形式存在.     

Effect of crystal disorder on linewidth of the Raman modes in GaS1‐xSex layered mixed crystals

The linewidths of Raman‐active intralayer compressional modes in GaS_1‐xSe_x layered mixed crystals (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) have been measured in the 10‐300 K temperature range to study the anharmonic effect as a function of compositional variation and temperature. It was found that the anharmonicity increases with an increase in substitutional disorder. The cubic (three‐phonon) processes with energy conservation is responsible for the anharmonic contribution to the broadening of the intralayer phonon lines with temperature. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Optical and laser properties of Nd:LuVO4 crystal

Polarized absorption spectra of Nd:LuVO₄ crystal were measured at room temperature. The optical parameters of π polarization and σ polarization were calculated by Judd‐Ofelt theory. Meanwhile, the phenomenological intensity parameters: Ω₂, Ω₄, and Ω₆ were obtained, then the parameters were used to calculate the luminescence parameters of Nd:LuVO₄ crystal, including oscillator strengths, fluorescence branching ratio, radiative lifetime and integrated emission cross‐sections. Experiments of a‐cut and c‐cut Nd:LuVO₄ lasers were also performed, and opt‐opt conversion efficiency and slope efficiency were 40.3%, 50.5% for a‐cut and 23.6%, 30.9% for c‐cut, respectively. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Structural study of thiosaccharin by single crystal X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy

The structure of thiosaccharin (1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-thione 1,1-dioxide) has been investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopic methods. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space groupFdd2 witha=26.591(3),b=25.058(3),c=4.934(5) Å,Z=16. The structure consists of thiosaccharin molecules bonded to each other through N–H...O intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The infrared spectra of the thiosaccharin at room and liquid-nitrogen temperature were recorded. The spectral features in the N–H stretching region were correlated with the crystallographic data on the geometry of the N–H...O hydrogen bonding. In an attempt to assign the bands due to the SO₂ stretching modes, the spectrum of thiosaccharin was compared with that of saccharin (1,2-benzoisothiazole-3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide).     

BaWO4多晶料的合成与优质单晶的生长

以99.99;的BaCO3和WO3为原料通过固相反应直接合成BaWO4多晶料,采用提拉法沿a轴和c轴均可生长出φ22mm×80mm的无色透明的BaWO4单晶.X射线粉末衍射实验确定所获BaWO4晶体的结构属于四方晶系,空间群I41/a.通过浮力法测得其密度为6.393g/cm3.用莫氏硬度计测得BaWO4晶体的莫氏硬度为4.用V型棱镜法测得BaWO4晶体的折射率在1.84左右.     

Nd:LuVO4晶体光谱参数的计算及其分析

测定了Nd:LuVO4晶体的室温吸收谱;根据Judd-Ofelt理论拟合了Nd3+离子的三个晶场调节参数Ωt(t=2,4,6)的值分别为8.235×10-20cm2,4.683×10-20cm2,6.090×10-20cm2;计算了各个能级跃迁的谱线强度、振子强度、吸收截面等,进而计算了4F3/2态的自发跃迁几率、辐射寿命、荧光分支比和积分发射截面,并对结果作了分析.     

Fabrication and optical properties of two‐dimensional photonic crystal of ZnO pillars

Two‐dimensional (2D) photonic crystal of ZnO pillars was synthesized on silicon substrate by the combination of template method and vapor‐phase transport method. The microstructure and morphology of the ZnO photonic crystal was evaluated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Large‐area specular reflectance measurements showed the presence of photonic stop band. The effect of the photonic band gap and the special structure on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of ZnO photonic crystal has been investigated. Both suppression and enhancement in the PL were observed. Raman scattering analyses demonstrated that the defect of ZnO photonic crystal exists in this experiment. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

New nonlinear‐laser effects in GdVO4 – host‐crystal for Ln3+ lasants

We discovered several new nonlinear‐laser χ⁽³⁾‐properties in tetragonal GdVO₄ vanadate, which is host‐crystal for lanthanide lasant ions, and attractive gain media for Raman laser converters. We hope that observed many‐phonon SRS, almost two‐octave Stokes and anti‐Stokes lasing comb, cascaded self‐frequency “tripling” and self‐sum‐frequency generation in the blue and UV spectral range could significantly enriche funcional laser potential of this crystal. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Refractive index dispersion of spinel Zn2TiO4 single crystal

The transmittance and absorption spectra of a high‐quality Zn₂TiO₄ single crystal have been measured along the a‐axes at room‐temperature in the range of 200‐1000 nm. The wavelength dependent refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric constant of the Zn₂TiO₄ crystal have been derived from the measured T and α spectra. By fitting the refractive index spectrum, the Sellmeier dispersion equation of the Zn₂TiO₄ crystal has been obtained. The validity of Cauchy‐Sellmeier equation has been evaluated in the energy range of 2.90–3.20 eV representing the Urbach tail. Applying the single‐effective oscillator model, the dispersion energy E_d and the oscillator energy E₀ have been determined as 18.76 and 5.05 eV, respectively. The obtained dispersion energy E_d takes on ionic crystal value. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Sr2+对GdVO4晶体生长和拉曼性能的影响

本文报道了Sr2+离子掺杂对GdVO4晶体生长和拉曼性能的影响.SrxGd1-xVO4晶体粉末经X射线粉末衍射分析,其结果仍属四方晶系,具有锆英石结构.实验表明,高掺杂浓度时,Sr2+离子不易取代Gd3+离子进入GdVO4晶体的晶格,易导致SrxGd1-xVO4晶体开裂和产生包裹体.XPS实验证明,SrxGd1-xVO4晶体中钒元素为+5价.同时测试了常温下SrxGd1-xVO4晶体的拉曼光谱,发现随着Sr2+离子浓度增加,在884cm-1处的VO4反对称伸缩振动逐渐增强,表明Sr2+离子的掺入影响了GdVO4晶体的拉曼性能.     

Electrical properties of nitrogen implanted GaSe single crystal

N‐implantation to GaSe single crystals was carried out perpendicular to c‐axis with ion beam of 6 × 10¹⁵ ions/cm² dose having energy values 30 keV and 60 keV. Temperature dependent electrical conductivities and Hall mobilities of implanted samples were measured along the layer in the temperature range of 100‐320 K. It was observed that N‐implantation decreases the resistivity values down to 10³ Ω‐cm depending on the annealing temperature, from the room temperature resistivity values of as‐grown samples lying in the range 10⁶‐10⁷ Ω‐cm. The temperature dependent conductivities exhibits two regions (100‐190 and 200‐320 K) with the activation energies of 234‐267 meV and 26‐74 meV, for the annealing temperatures of 500 and 700 °C, respectively. The temperature dependence of Hall mobility for the sample annealed at 500 °C shows abrupt increase and decrease as the ambient temperature increases. The analysis of the mobility‐temperature dependence in the studied temperature range showed that impurity scattering and lattice scattering mechanisms are effective at different temperature regions with high temperature exponent. Annealing of the samples at 700 °C shifted impurity scattering mechanism toward higher temperature regions. In order to obtain the information about the defect produced by N‐implantation, the carrier density was analyzed by using single donor‐single acceptor model. We found acceptor ionization energy as E_a = 450 meV, and acceptor and donor concentration as 1.3 × 10¹³ and N_d = 3.5 × 10¹⁰ cm⁻³, respectively. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Optical properties of KGd(WO4)2 single crystals studied by Brillouin spectroscopy

The results of a study of KGd(WO₄)₂ single crystals by Brillouin scattering method are presented. The Brillouin spectra for the acoustic phonons propagating in the [100], [010], [001], [110] and [101] directions, taken in 90° and 180° scattering geometry at room temperature have been recorded. Using the Brillouin spectroscopy the refractive indices for some directions of KGd(WO₄)₂ crystals were determined. The refractive indices were also calculated for the same directions by the rotation transformation of the principal optical axes of the optical indicatrix to the crystallographic directions of KGd(WO₄)₂ crystals. Moreover, some anomalies of the acoustic phonons propagating connected with birefringence of KGd(WO₄)₂ crystals were discussed. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Synthesis,characterization, single crystal X-ray diffraction and DFT studies of ethyl 5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate

The present study describes the synthesis, spectroscopic, and single crystal X-ray structural analysis of ethyl 5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate. The pyrazole ester of formula [C₁₃H₁₄N₂O₂] was prepared from the three-component one-pot condensation reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, N,N-dimethyldimethoxymethanamine, and phenyl hydrazine. The product was crystallized by using ethanol as solvent. The structure of the compound was confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier transforms infrared (IR), thermogravimetric analysis, UV-visible (UV-Vis), ¹H NMR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The gas-phase molecular geometry and the electronic structure-property of the molecule were calculated at the density functional theory. The frontier molecular orbitals, theoretical UV-Vis, and IR stretching vibrations were also reported. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system with the space group P2₁/c and Z = 4. The unit cell parameters are a = 12.141(3) Å, b = 13.934(4) Å, c = 7.2777(18) Å, and β = 97.816(14)⁰. The structure is stabilized by an intermolecular interaction of type C-H···O and the structure also involves C-H···π interactions.     

Optical properties of Sr3TaGa3Si2O14 single crystal

The specific rotation ρ of strontium tantalum gallium silicate Sr₃TaGa₃Si₂O₁₄ (STGS) piezoelectric single crystal was determined from 350 to 850 nm by measuring the optical transmission between parallel polarisers in Z direction. It is shown that Sr₃TaGa₃Si₂O₁₄ has quite large a value of ρ which is a little smaller than that of strontium niobium gallium silicate Sr₃NbGa₃Si₂O₁₄ (SNGS). The crystal with ordered structure which is isostructural to calcium gallium germanate Ca₃Ga₂Ge₄O₁₄ (CGG) was grown by Czochraiski technique. And its birefringence was also determined. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Phenomena induced by UV irradiation in PbMoO4 single crystal

Abstract

Electrical properties and optical absorption of PbMoO₄ single crystal were studied after UV irradiation. Anomalies of permittivity ε and conductivity σ were detected and attributed to the dipole centers induced by UV light. It was proposed that dipole centers were created by photoelectrons trapped by Mo within oxygen tetrahedra distorted by an oxygen vacancy V_O. At high temperatures conductivity was nearly insensitive to UV irradiation. Additional optical absorption was observed in PbMoO₄ single crystal after UV irradiation. It was argued that transfer of photoelectrons from lead to molybdenum groups was responsible for the photochromic effect found.     

CdWO4闪烁晶体的生长及其光学性能的研究

本工作生长出了φ57mm×45mm的大尺寸CdWO4单晶,并报道了该晶体的最佳生长工艺.对CdWO4原料的一次烧结物、生长炉壁的挥发物进行了XRD谱的测试分析,结果表明一次烧结可以得到基本成相的多晶料;生长原料CdO较WO3更易挥发.同时,测试了CdWO4晶体的一些光学性能,初步探讨了该晶体的发光特性,分析表明氧退火有利于提高晶体的透过率,这可能是由氧退火使氧空位减少所致.此外,该晶体的本征发光主要是由蓝、绿光所组成的.     

BiIO_4:一种新型红外非线性光学晶体

本文采用水热法,将两种含孤对电子的元素基团I(Ⅴ)与Bi(Ⅲ)复合到一起,合成出一种新型红外非线性光学晶体BiIO4,该晶体属正交晶系,空间群Pca21(29),晶胞参数为a=0.5645(2)nm,b=1.1036(4)nm,c=0.5731(2)nm,α=β=γ=90°。并对其进行了SEM-EDS、XRD、TG-DSC、FT-IR、UV-Vis-NIR、SHG等测试。结果表明,其二阶非线性光学效应(SHG)约为KDP的10倍,红外吸收边可以达到远红外波段(13μm)。     

低掺磷对Yb:YVO4晶体性能影响的研究

采用提拉法生长出Yb:YPxV1-xO4(X=0.02,0.06,0.10)晶体。XRD测试表明晶体保持了四方锆石型结构,晶胞参数随着x的增大逐渐减小。ICP发射光谱分析显示P5 的分凝系数为1,Yb3 的分凝系数随着x的增大逐渐减小。吸收系数和吸收截面随着P含量的加大出现先增大后减小的变化。晶体的拉曼光谱表现出双声子过程的特征,随x的增加拉曼频移峰向高频率方向移动,线宽随之增宽。     

Bridgman法生长的大尺寸钨酸铅晶体的光学和闪烁性能

本文报道了我们采用改进的Bridgman法为欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)大型强子对撞机(LHC)上的紧凑型μ子螺线管(CMS)实验生长的大尺寸掺Y3+钨酸铅闪烁晶体,给出了晶体的光学和闪烁性能,如光致发光谱、X射线致发光光谱、纵/横向的透射光谱、光产额以及辐照硬度.测试结果表明,掺Y2O3的钨酸铅晶体光产额很高(>13pe/MeV),且全为100ns以内的快发光,其辐照硬度已接近CMS电磁量能器(ECAL)端帽晶体的要求,同一批晶体彼此间的性能一致性好.     

自拉曼激光晶体Er: PbWO_4的光谱性质研究

采用坩埚下降法生长出大尺寸Er: PbWO_4晶体,通过对晶体顶端和靠近晶种端的吸收光谱、自发拉曼散射光谱、荧光发射寿命和980 nm LD泵浦下红外荧光光谱的测试,分析讨论了Er: PbWO_4晶体的自拉曼光谱性质.对纯PbWO_4晶体的自发拉曼散射光谱的振动模式进行了简单的分析和指认,指出其强度最大的振动模位于903 cm~(-1),对应于W-O对称伸缩振动模Ag.结合Er~(3+)的红外波段荧光光谱及荧光寿命的测试,研究了介质PbWO_4将Er~(3+)的1.5 μm发光拉曼频移获得中红外发光的可能性.