A blowing-up branch of solutions for a mean field equation

We consider the equation

Generalized Transportation-Cost Inequalities and Applications

For μ: = e ^V(x)dx a probability measure on a complete connected Riemannian manifold, we establish a correspondence between the Entropy-Information inequality and the transportation-cost inequality for μ(f ²) = 1, where Φ and Ψ are increasing functions. Moreover, under the curvature–dimension condition, a Sobolev type HWI (entropy-cost-information) inequality is established. As applications, explicit estimates are obtained for the Sobolev constant and the diameter of a compact manifold, which either extend or improve some corresponding known results. Supported in part by NNSFC(10721091) and the 973-project in China.     

Inequalities of Reid type and Furuta

Two of the most useful inequality formulas for bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space are the Löwner-Heinz and Reid's inequalities. The first inequality was generalized by Furuta (so called the Furuta inequality in the literature). We shall generalize the second one and obtain its related results. It is shown that these two generalized fundamental inequalities are all equivalent to one another.

     

Criteria for Super-and Weak-Poincaré Inequalities of Ergodic Birth-Death Processes

Criteria for the super-Poincaré inequality and the weak-Poincaré inequality about ergodic birth-death processes are presented. Our work further completes ten criteria for birth-death processes presented in Table 1.4 (p. 15) of Prof. Mu-Fa Chen's book "Eigenvalues, Inequalities and Ergodic Theory" (Springer, London, 2005). As a byproduct, we conclude that only ergodic birth-death processes on finite state space satisfy the Nash inequality with index 0 ν≤ 2.     

Dominants and submissives of matching polyhedra

LetP be the convex hull of perfect matchings of a graphG=(V, E). The dominant ofP is {y∈R ^E ∶y≥x for somex∈P}. A theorem of Fulkerson implies that, ifG is bipartite, then the dominant ofP can be described by linear inequalities having {0, 1}-valued coefficients. However, this is far from true in general. Here it is proved that, for every positive integern, there exists a graph for which the dominant has an essential valid inequality whose coefficient-set includes the firstn positive integers. A similar result holds for the submissive ofP, {y∈R ^E ∶0≤y≤x for somex∈P}. Research partially supported by a grant from NSERC of Canada.     

The configuration polytope of ℓ-line configurations in Steiner triple systems

It has been shown that the number of occurrences of any ℓ-line configuration in a Steiner triple system can be written as a linear combination of the numbers of full m-line configurations for 1 ≤ m ≤ ℓ; full means that every point has degree at least two. More precisely, the coefficients of the linear combination are ratios of polynomials in v, the order of the Steiner triple system. Moreover, the counts of full configurations, together with v, form a linear basis for all of the configuration counts when ℓ ≤ 7. By relaxing the linear integer equalities to fractional inequalities, a configuration polytope is defined that captures all feasible assignments of counts to the full configurations. An effective procedure for determining this polytope is developed and applied when ℓ = 6. Using this, minimum and maximum counts of each configuration are examined, and consequences for the simultaneous avoidance of sets of configurations explored. To Alex Rosa on the Occasion of his Seventieth Birthday     

The Nicolas and Robin inequalities with sums of two squares

In 1984, G. Robin proved that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the Robin inequality σ(n) < e ^γ n log log n holds for every integer n > 5040, where σ(n) is the sum of divisors function, and γ is the Euler–Mascheroni constant. We exhibit a broad class of subsets of the natural numbers such that the Robin inequality holds for all but finitely many . As a special case, we determine the finitely many numbers of the form n = a ² + b ² that do not satisfy the Robin inequality. In fact, we prove our assertions with the Nicolas inequality n/φ(n) < e ^γ log log n; since σ(n)/n < n/φ(n) for n > 1 our results for the Robin inequality follow at once.      

On optimizing a linear objective function subjected to fuzzy relation inequalities

In this paper, we extend Guo and Xia’s necessary condition which has been presented by Guo and Xia (Fuzzy optimizat Decis Mak 5: 33–47, 2006) in order to study the finitely many constraints of fuzzy relation inequalities and optimize a linear objective function on this region which is defined by the fuzzy max–min operator. The new condition provides a means for removing the unnecessary paths resulting from Guo and Xia’s paths. Also, an algorithm and two numerical examples are offered to abbreviate and illustrate the steps of the resolution process of the problem.     

Inequalities for sourcewise representable functions and their applications

We prove a discrete and an integral version of an inequality for sourcewise representable functions and use them to derive the Wirtinger inequality and its generalizations. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 62, No. 4, pp. 564–576, October, 1997. Translated by M. A. Shishkova     

The Hamiltonian Index of a Graph

 It is proved that the hamiltonian index of a connected graph other than a path is less than its diameter which improves the results of P. A. Catlin etc. [J. Graph Theory 14 (1990) 347–364] and M. L. Sarazin [Discrete Math. 134(1994)85–91]. Nordhaus-Gaddum's inequalities for the hamiltonian index of a graph are also established. Received: July 17, 1998 Final version received: September 13, 1999     

General Hardy’s inequalities for functions nonzero on the boundary

Consider Hardy’s inequalities with general weight ϕ for functions nonzero on the boundary. By an integral identity in C ¹( ), define Hilbert spaces H _k ¹ (Ω, ϕ) called Sobolev-Hardy spaces with weight ϕ. As a corollary of this identity, Hardy’s inequalities with weight ϕ in C ¹ ( ) follow. At last, by Hardy’s inequalities with weight ϕ = 1, discuss the eigenvalue problem of the Laplace-Hardy operator with critical parameter (N − 2)²/4 in H ¹ ₁ (Ω).      

The perimeter of rounded convex planar sets

A convex set is inscribed into a rectangle with sides a and 1/a so that the convex set has points on all four sides of the rectangle. By “rounding” we mean the composition of two orthogonal linear transformations parallel to the edges of the rectangle, which makes a unit square out of the rectangle. The transformation is also applied to the convex set, which now has the same area, and is inscribed into a square. One would expect this transformation to decrease the perimeter of the convex set as well. Interestingly, this is not always the case. For each a we determine the largest and smallest possible increase of the perimeter.      

Sampling theorem of Hermite type and aliasing error on the Sobolev class of functions

Denote by B _2σ,p (1 < p < ∞) the bandlimited class p-integrable functions whose Fourier transform is supported in the interval [−σ, σ]. It is shown that a function in B _2σ,p can be reconstructed in L _p(ℝ) by its sampling sequences {f (κπ / σ)} _κ∈ℤ and {f’ (κπ / σ)} _κ∈ℤ using the Hermite cardinal interpolation. Moreover, it will be shown that if f belongs to L _p ^r (ℝ), 1 < p < ∞, then the exact order of its aliasing error can be determined. Project supported by the Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education under grant number KM 200410009010 and by the Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 10071006     

Harnack and HWI inequalities on infinite-dimensional spaces

In this paper, the dimensional-free Harnack inequalities are established on infinite-dimensional spaces. More precisely, we establish Harnack inequalities for heat semigroup on based loop group and for Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup on the abstract Wiener space. As an application, we establish the HWI inequality on the abstract Wiener space, which contains three important quantities in one inequality, the relative entropy “H”, Wasserstein distance “W”, and Fisher information “I”.     

On new extensions of Hilbert's inequality

By introducing three parameters A, B and α, and estimating the weight coefficient, we give a new extension of Hilbert's inequality with a best constant factor involving the β function. As applications, we consider the equivalent form and some particular results. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

SOLVING SYMMETRIC MONOTONE LINEAR VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES BY SOME MODIFIED LEVITIN-POLYAK PROJECTION METHODS

Some modified Levitin-Polyak projection methods are proposed in this paper for solving monotone linear variational inequality x∈Ω，（x′-x)^T(Hx c)≤0，for any x′∈Ω.It is pointed out that there are similar methods for solving a general linear variational inequality.     

Some New Inverse-type Hilbert-Pachpatte Integral Inequalities

In this paper,some new generalizations of inverse type Hilbert-Pachpatte integral inequalities are proved.The results of this paper reduce to those of Pachpatte(1998,J.Math.Anal.Appl.226,166-179)and Zhan and Debnath(2001,J.Math.Anal.Appl.262,411-418).     

A note on Jensen’s inequality for BSDEs

Under the Lipschitz assumption and square integrable assumption on g, Jiang proved that Jensen＇s inequality for BSDEs with generator g holds in general if and only if g is independent of y, g is super homogenous in z and g（t, 0） = 0, a.s., a.e.. In this paper, based on Jiang＇s results, under the same assumptions as Jiang＇s, we investigate the necessary and sufficient condition on g under which Jensen＇s inequality for BSDEs with generator g holds for some specific convex functions, which generalizes some known results on Jensen＇s inequality for BSDEs.     

Remark on Gronwall’s inequality

Gronwall’s inequality has many extensions and analogues among them the discrete one. In this paper we present theorems which look like Gronwall’s lemma in the classical propositional calculus.     

Higher order Ostrowski type inequalities over Euclidean domains

The classical Ostrowski inequality for functions on intervals estimates the value of the function minus its average in terms of the maximum of its first derivative. This result is extended to functions on general domains using the L^∞ norm of its nth partial derivatives. For radial functions on balls the inequality is sharp.