三七总皂甙对牛血清白蛋白溶液构象的影响

应用衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱结合荧光光谱和紫外光谱研究了中药三七 的有效成分三七总皂甙与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用，采用对蛋白质红外光 谱酰氨Ⅰ带和酰氨Ⅲ带进行曲线拟合的方法，定量分析了不同浓度三七总皂甙对 BSA二级结构的影响，发现随着三七总皂甙浓度的增加，蛋白分子结构逐渐发生了 由螺旋向折叠的转化。a-螺旋结构减少了3%，β-折叠结构增加了约5%，其它二级 结构没有明显的变化，红外差谱和荧光光谱的结果为药物与蛋白质的作用引起牛血 清白蛋白溶液构象的变化提供了佐证，紫外光谱反映了单体皂甙与蛋白质的结合常 数的差异。     

Pb~(2+)-牛血清白蛋白复合体系中蛋白质二级结构的研究

采用紫外光谱、红外光谱和圆二色谱法研究了Pb2+与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用和蛋白质微观结构的变化。紫外光谱表明,Pb2+与BSA肽链上的CO存在相互作用,并使蛋白质疏水结构的微环境发生变化;红外光谱研究表明,Pb2+与BSA结合位点可能为—OH和—NH基团,利用二阶导、退卷积和谱线拟合技术对蛋白质红外谱图的酰胺Ⅰ带进行处理推测蛋白质二级结构的变化,结果表明蛋白质α螺旋和β折叠二级结构含量降低,β转角二级结构含量增加;圆二色谱(CD)也表明Pb2+与BSA的结合使蛋白质的构象发生了改变。     

酰胺Ⅰ带和酰胺Ⅲ带测定花生磷脂酶D的α-螺旋和β-折叠含量

用傅立叶红外光谱的酰胺Ⅰ带和酰胺Ⅲ带测定花生磷脂酶D的α-螺旋和β-折叠含量.结果显示,两个谱带测定的β-折叠含量误差在3%以内,α-螺旋含量的误差在5%左右.     

生物滤池中生物膜和出水悬浮物的元素分析和红外光谱比较

对生物滤池中不同高度的生物膜和出水悬浮物的碳氢氮三元素和红外光谱进行了分析比较.元素分析结果表明,悬浮物的无机成份比生物膜高.悬浮物和生物膜的红外吸收光谱图主要由蛋白质的吸收带、碳水化合物的吸收带组成.1655 cm-1处的吸收峰为酰胺Ⅰ带,是C=O的伸缩振动,1542 cm-1的吸收峰是酰胺Ⅱ带,是N-H的弯曲振动和C-N的伸缩振动,1240 cm-1是酰胺Ⅲ带,是C-N的伸缩振动和N-H的弯曲振动引起的.1460 cm-1处的吸收峰为CH3和CH2的弯曲振动峰.悬浮物的蛋白质特征峰强度比生物膜低,而1050cm-1处的吸收峰强度比生物膜大.     

一种核糖核酸酶构象稳定性的研究

Aspergillus niger SA-13-20核糖核酸酶是从突变株A.niger SA-13-20分泌的胞外酶中分离出的一种新的核糖核酸酶。采用紫外光谱、荧光光谱和红外光谱研究了A.niger SA-13-20核糖核酸酶在不同pH值条件下的构象稳定性。紫外光谱和荧光光谱结果均表明该酶蛋白在酸性和弱碱性pH值下构象较稳定,当pH值高于9.6时构象不稳定;红外光谱结合去卷积和曲线拟合技术对蛋白质酰胺Ⅰ带的测定和处理结果表明,在室温下,pH 5.0时该酶蛋白二级结构中α-螺旋、β-折叠、转角和无规结构所占的成分分别为13.28%、42.30%、26.48%和17.95%。测得该酶的热解链温度Tm、解链熵变ΔSm及解链焓变ΔHm分别为70.1℃、644 J.mol-1.K-1及22.1 kJ.mol-1,表明该酶属于耐热能力较强的核糖核酸酶。研究结果有助于揭示该酶结构与功能的关系,推动其在科研和生产等方面的应用。     

β-转角肽的溶液构象

主要报导TEM-1β-内酰胺酶的天然蛋白类抑制剂BLIP中一段多肽B1的溶液构象研究 结果.在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,通过圆二色光谱、傅立叶红外光谱和核磁共振谱研究了B1的二 级结构特征.实验结果表明,B1在溶液中形成了β-转角结构,为在溶液中单独研究β-转 角结构形成与稳定性提供了良好的模板.β-转角在溶液中可以独立存在,表明β-转角在 蛋白质折叠过程中可能具有重要作用.     

变温傅里叶红外光谱技术研究硬脂酸结构及相变机理

采用傅里叶红外光谱法研究了温度对于硬脂酸分子结构影响。通过变温红外技术在293~393K范围内,分别测定了硬脂酸羰基的傅里叶红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱及去卷积红外光谱。结果表明,硬脂酸主要存在反式二聚体1、顺式二聚体2、开环二聚体3及单体4等4种结构。     

二维红外光谱法分析纤维素

采用二维红外光谱法分析纤维素。在293~393K范围内,分别测定脱脂棉纤维的一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱和去卷积红外光谱。结果表明:脱脂棉纤维中的α-纤维素在559cm-1有一个的红外特征吸收峰,β-纤维素在893,1 206,1 235cm-1处有红外特征吸收峰;随测定温度的升高,559cm-1处红外吸收强度降低,893,1 206,1 235cm-1处红外吸收强度增加。进一步采用二维红外光谱研究温度对于脱脂棉纤维结构的影响,结果表明:随测定温度的升高,脱脂棉纤维红外特征吸收峰强度增加的顺序为893cm-11 235cm-11 206cm-1559cm-1。     

变温傅里叶红外光谱技术研究硬脂酸C-H伸缩振动

采用傅里叶红外光谱技术研究了温度对于硬脂酸C-H伸缩振动、分子脂肪链构象改变和分子间作用力的影响。运用变温红外技术在293~393K范围内,分别测定了硬脂酸C-H的一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱、四阶导数红外光谱和去卷积红外光谱。结果表明:1在293~333K范围内,一维红外光谱中2 965,2 870cm-1附近的弱吸收谱带分别归属于甲基的不对称伸缩振动模式νas(-CH3)和对称伸缩振动模式νs(-CH3),相应的导数光谱及去卷积红外光谱能提高一维红外谱的分辨率;2在293~333K范围内,硬脂酸脂肪链处于全反式构象,在348~353K范围内,硬脂酸分子脂肪链构象由全反式构象向无序构象转变;3随着测量温度的升高,硬脂酸分子间的作用力不断降低。     

红外光谱酰胺Ⅲ带用于蛋白质二级结构的测定研究

用甲醇对BSA和RaseA等蛋白质进行变性处理,结合蛋白质酰胺带的拟合结果对酰胺带各二级结构的谱峰进行了初步指认:1330～1290cm^-1为α-螺旋;1295～1265cm^-1为β-转角;1270～1245cm^-1为无规卷曲;1250～1220cm^-1为β-折叠.依据这些谱峰归属,对一些已知二级结构的蛋白质进行了测定,所得结果与X射线衍射数据以及酰胺带的定量结果基本一致.     

Decongestion of methylene spectra in biological and non-biological systems using picosecond 2DIR spectroscopy measuring electron-vibration–vibration coupling

Methylene is found in the repeat units of many polymers including proteins. In some cases it appears to be a useful reporter of variation in local environment whilst in other contexts average behaviour seems to dominate. In this paper we apply a particular 2DIR technique to a range of systems containing methylene groups, showing that mode frequencies, linewidths and splittings can be easily extracted even when the infrared absorption bands are too congested to allow reliable analysis. 2DIR spectra of polyethylene and several liquid alkanes are compared and it is shown for the case of l-arginine that the methylene scissor modes are split and that this can be resolved by tracking the 2DIR spectrum as a function of time. Calculations from first principles reveal that for most of the methylene modes studied, electrical anharmonicity is the dominant contributor to the 2DIR cross-peak intensity, with the mechanical anharmonicity making only a small contribution.     

二维相关红外光谱法与阿胶的真伪鉴别

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR)和二维相关红外光谱技术(2D-IR)对几种阿胶进行了真伪鉴别。实验结果表明,伪品阿胶和黄明胶与标本东阿阿胶的谱图较为相似,尤其是黄明胶与阿胶极其相似,仅仅在1648cm^-1的酰胺I带的吸收峰和东阿阿胶有9个波数的区别;不同批次和厂家的正品阿胶的红外光谱图更为相似,难以区分开,借助于二维相关红外光谱法,获取了物质的微观结构信息,提高了谱图的分辨率,几种真品阿胶得到了直观有效的鉴别。     

Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy. A new tool for interpreting infrared spectra

Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy is used to study atactic polystyrene. 2D IR is a technique based on time-resolved detection of IR signals in response to an external perturbation, such as mechanical strain. Since different chemical functional groups respond to the applied perturbation at unique and often different rates, characteristic time-dependent variations of the IR-band intensities are observed. Correlation analysis of the dynamic variation of the IR signals yields a new spectrum defined by two independent wave numbers. Peaks located on a 2D IR spectral plane imply interactions and connectivities among chemical functional groups. By spreading convoluted IR bands over two dimensions, the spectral resolution is also greatly enhanced.     

Investigation of fungal deterioration of synthetic paint binders using vibrational spectroscopic techniques

The deterioration of synthetic polymers caused by biological process is usually evaluated by visual inspection and measuring physical effects. In contrast to this approach, we have applied vibrational spectroscopies to study the biodegradation of the synthetic resins. 29 synthetic resins used as paint binding media, including acrylic, alkyd and poly(vinyl acetate) polymers, were examined for potential susceptibility to fungal degradation using the standard method ASTM G21-96(2002). In addition, the degraded resins were analysed by Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR and FT-IR photoacoustic spectroscopy. Almost all the acrylic resins studied proved to be resistant to microbial attack, while all alkyd resins and some poly(vinyl acetates) turned out to be biodegradable. Within a few days of inoculation Aspergillus niger was the most copious fungus on the biodegraded resins. A comparison of the IR and Raman spectra of control and biodegraded resins did not show any differences, but photoacoustic spectroscopy revealed additional bands for the fungal-degraded resins, consistent with the presence of fungal-derived substances. The additional bands in the photoacoustic spectra were due to the presence of Aspergillus niger and melanin, a fungal pigment. Since IR photoacoustic spectroscopy can be also a suitable technique for the chemical characterisation of binding media, the same spectroscopic analysis can be employed to both characterise the material and obtain evidence for fungal colonization. Microbial growth on Sobral 1241ML (alkyd resin) after 28 d (growth rating 4) compared with the non-inoculated resin.     

红外光谱法对肉苁蓉径向不同部位的分析与评价

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、二阶导数谱和二维相关红外光谱技术对肉苁蓉由表及里3个部位的药材粉末及其水提物和醇提物进行了分析与评价研究.结果表明,肉苁蓉不同部位的一维光谱非常相似,三者相似系数分别为0.9605,0.944和0.976;二阶导数谱中峰位和峰强的差异明显.1430～1700 cm-1范围内的二维相关谱中皮部自动峰有3个,而中部及髓部均为4个,更直观的反映出三者的差异.不同部位水提物和醇提物的分析结果进一步明确了肉苁蓉皮部芳香类、环烯醚萜类及糖苷类物质与中部和髓部存在明显不同,而髓部的水溶性多糖、半乳糖醇和苯乙醇苷类物质均高于其它部位.可见红外光谱法结合二维相关红外光谱技术为同种药材不同部位的细微差异分析和评价提供了一种快速、全面和客观的方法和手段.     

Planar Array Transient Infrared Spectroscopy: A New Tool for the Time-Resolved Analysis of Polymers

Summary: Planar array infrared spectroscopy (PA-IR) was used for the first time to record transient infrared (TIRS) spectra. In proof-of-concept experiments, it was demonstrated that PA-TIRS can record high quality spectra of common polymeric samples. It was shown the this new technique allows acquiring spectra in as little as 17 ms, opening the door to high speed, real-time monitoring applications.     

Analysis and discrimination of ten different sponges by multi-step infrared spectroscopy

In this study,a convenient method using multi-step infrared spectroscopy,including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),second derivative infrared spectroscopy(SD-IR) and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy(2DCOS-IR),was employed to analyze and discriminate ten marine sponges from two classes collected from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea.Each sponge had an exclusive macroscopic fingerprint.From the IR spectra,it was noted that the main ingredient of calcareous sponges was calcium carbonate,but that of demosponges was proteins.For sponges from the same genus or having highly similar chemical profile(IR spectral profile),SD-IR and 2DCOS-IR were applied to successfully reveal the tiny differences.It was demonstrated that the multi-step infrared spectroscopy was a feasible and objective approach for marine sponge identification.     

松杉灵芝不同部位的红外光谱分析研究

采用红外光谱三级鉴定法对松杉灵芝菌盖、表皮、菌柄、子实体不同部位的红外光谱图进行了整体分析。结果表明:松杉灵芝的各部位均含萜类、甾醇类、氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质和糖苷类等物质。在松杉灵芝的一维红外光谱中,菌盖的1 649cm-1峰的相对强度明显比表皮、菌柄和子实体强,说明菌盖中所含的氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质物质的量比其它部位高;在二阶导数谱中,四者在1 720~1 600cm-1范围内峰形差别较大,进一步说明松杉灵芝不同部位所含氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质物质不一致;而二维相关红外光谱中,各部位自动峰的数目、峰位置和峰相对强度都有所不同,可推断松杉灵芝各部位本身所含的糖苷类物质是不一致的。     

Synthesis and spectral characterization of dioxouranium (VI) complexes of salicylhydrazine and acetone salicylhydrazone

Dioxouranium(VI) complexes of the types UO₂LSO₄ and UO₂L₂SO₄ (where L=SH, ASH) have been prepared from reaction of uranyl sulphate with salicylhydrazine (SH) and acetone salicylhydrazone (ASH) and characterized by conventional chemical and physical measurements. Infrared and Raman spectra indicate thatmono- andbis-complexes contain six-and seven-coordinate uranium atom respectively with all the ligand atoms arranged in an equatorial plane around the linear uranyl group. The infrared spectra (4000-200 cm⁻¹) reveal that both SH and ASH act as neutral bidentate ligands coordinating through a carbonyl oxygen and primary amine/azomethine nitrogen atoms. The sulphato group coordinates to the uranyl ion as bidentate chelating ligand and terminal monodentate ligand in mono- and bis-complexes respectively.     

Spectroscopic studies of charge-ordering system in organic conductors

Charge localization generates a non-uniform charge distribution in some organic conductors. Phase transitions accompanying such a localization of charge are studied by using infrared and Raman spectroscopy. We first introduce θ-(BEDT-TTF)₂MM′(SCN)₄ (M=Rb, Cs, Tl; M′=Zn, Co) as typical examples of a charge-ordering system, where BEDT-TTF is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene. We apply the same spectroscopic technique to α′-(BEDT-TTF)₂IBr₂, θ-(BDT-TTF)₂Cu(NCS)₂, and (TTM-TTP)I₃, which show the phase transitions from low-resistivity to high-resistivity state, where TTM-TTP is 2,5-bis[4,5-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene]-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene.