钛(Ⅳ)与二苯羟乙酸配合物的极谱行为研究及其稳定常数的测定

钛在我国蕴藏量丰富又具有优越的性能,钛的开发利用前景十分广阔,对钛的性质及寻求分离提纯和测定钛的新方法等的研究有重要的现实意义。最近发现,二苯羟乙酸是钛的良好隐蔽剂,它具有用量少,隐蔽量大和反应快的特点。但是钛与二苯羟乙酸的稳定常数迄今未见报导。我们用极谱法对Ti(Ⅳ)与二笨羟乙酸配合物稳定常数进行测定,并对配合物的极谱行为进行一了研究。理论部分已发现,Ti(Ⅳ)与二苯羟乙酸(简称BA-下同)形成1:1配合物,达到平衡时,     

离子交换柱富集分光光度法测定超微量铬Ⅵ

1　引　　言Ｃｒ 的强毒性 ,引起了人们关注。测定Ｃｒ 的方法文献报道较多 ,国家标准方法是二苯碳酰二肼光度法。但该法受各种共存物干扰 ,并受检出限限制 (最低检出浓度为 0 0 0 4ｍｇ/Ｌ) ,故常需将水样浓缩后再测定。加热蒸发水样不能消除干扰离子 ;液膜富集法有文献报道 ,但液膜组成复杂 ,操作繁琐。本文采用离子色谱柱分离、富集进行Ｃｒ 的测定 ,通过各项条件试验 ,确立了阴离子色谱柱分离、富集Ｃｒ 的方法离子交换柱富集分光光度法测定超微量铬Ⅵ@邹容$四川大学轻工与食品学院!成都610065 @张新申$四川大学轻工与食品学院!…     

用气相色谱-原子发射光谱法检测VX、Bz及其降解产物

应用气相色谱－原子发射光谱（ＧＣ－ＡＥＤ）同时检测Ｓ－（２－二异丙基氨乙基）甲基硫直膦酸乙酯（ＶＸ）、二苯羟乙酸－３－喹咛环酯（ＢＺ）战剂及其降解产物等５种化合物,得取了Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｓ、Ｎ、Ｏ、Ｐ６种元素色谱图,通过选择合适的检测元素,其检出限ＶＸ为１５．６ｍｇ／Ｌ,Ｂｚ为１６．７９ｍｇ／Ｌ,二异基氨基乙太醇为３．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ,３－羟基喹咛为２８．４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,二苯羟乙酸甲酯为３１．７８ｍｇ／Ｌ,定量     

示波催化极谱法测定钢中微量钼

采用ＥＧＴＡ－丙二酸复合掩蔽体系，苯羟乙酸－氯酸盐催化体系，示波极谱法直接测定了多种合金钢中的微量钼，方法操作简单，结果可靠，灵敏度高。     

光度络合滴定(Ⅲ)——微量钛(Ⅳ)的滴定(以二苯羟乙酸为隐蔽剂)

以DCTA为滴定剂时二苯羟乙酸是钛(Ⅳ)的专属性隐蔽剂.利用DCTA-二苯羟乙酸隐蔽法并用光度终点,可选择滴定低至90ppb的钛.应用本法,不用分离可滴定石英石和石英砂中的微量钛.与丙二酸联合使用,可作钛和铝或钛、铝和铁的联合滴定.     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中苯系物

利用HP-Innowax毛细管色谱柱,对对二甲苯和间二甲苯进行了分离研究,并建立吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中6种常见苯系物的方法。当水样进样体积为25mL时,方法检出限为0．08～0．30μg/L,用该方法对实际水样中的6种苯系物进行测定,回收率为69．0％～111.9％,测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于4％。     

极谱催化波测定海水中超痕量钨

本文研究了钨(Ⅵ)在盐酸、α二苯羟基乙酸(简称二苯羟乙酸)和适量氯化钠体系中超痕量钨的直接测定方法。灵敏度可低达5×10~(-12)M。方法具有灵敏度高,选择性好,操作简便快速、准确、稳定等优点。可直接用于海水、淡水中超痕量钨的测定。单个样品可在5分钟内完成。     

二苯羟乙酸-3-喹咛环酯的气相色谱行为研究

气相色谱进样口的瞬时高温会使二苯羟乙酸-3-喹咛环酯(BZ,C21H23NO3)发生分解,经实验确定分解产物为二苯酮.温度越高,分解程度越严重.为解决此问题,采用冷柱头进样口取代传统的分流/不分流进样口,建立了新的BZ气相色谱测定方法.方法的线性范围为0.098～140.0 mg/L;相对标准偏差2.0%;检出限0.098 ng.     

BZ降解产物喹咛醇的液相色谱-质谱分析

在化学裁军核查中,对化学毒剂降解产物的分析,常常可作为判断环境中曾经使用过某种化学毒剂的依据.BZ(二苯羟乙酸3-喹咛环酯)是一种失能性毒剂,其降解产物或前体为二苯羟乙酸、喹咛醇.闵延琴[1-2]等利用GC-MS测定衍生的喹咛醇,检出限为3.53 ng/μL.Robin M.Black[3]等用LC-APCI+-MS测定BZ降解产物喹咛醇,喹咛醇的检出限小于0.2 ng.     

隐蔽剂在螯合滴定中的应用(ⅩⅢ)——二本羟乙酸隐蔽钛(Ⅳ)的研究

本文提出用DCTA-二苯羟乙酸隐蔽法滴定钛的新方法,本法选择性高,用于测定钛铁矿、铝土和硅酸盐等的钛,操作简便,结果准确.     

Derivatization following hollow‐fiber microextraction with tetramethylammonium acetate as a dual‐function reagent for the determination of benzoic acid and sorbic acid by GC

Derivatization at the injection port following hollow‐fiber‐based liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction with tetramethylammonium acetate as a dual‐function reagent, i.e. an acceptor and derivatization reagent, for the determination of benzoic acid (BA) and sorbic acid (SA) in real samples by GC was developed. BA and SA were extracted from aqueous samples to an organic phase impregnated into the pores of the hollow fiber wall, and then back‐extracted to the acceptor solution located inside the lumen of the hollow fiber. Upon injection, the extracted analytes were quantitatively derivatized to their methyl esters with tetramethylammonium acetate in the GC injection port. Several parameters related to the derivatization and extraction efficiency were optimized. The linearity was satisfactory over a concentration range of 0.1–50 mg/L with r > 0.993 for both analytes. The LODs were 2.0 μg/L for SA and 20 μg/L for BA. The recoveries (83–116%) and precisions (RSDs of 1.2–11.4% (n = 3)) were examined by analyzing real spiked samples. The enrichment factors of BA and SA were 300 and 425. The results demonstrated that this is a simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for the determination of BA and SA in various samples.     

Determination on the microscale of plasmatic lactic acid as its t-butyldimethylsilyl derivative by stable-isotope dilution using capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

A new sensitive and precise method for the determination of lactic acid in plasmatic microsamples (50 microL) has been developed. Lactic acid was directly extracted from plasma by ethyl acetate in acidic conditions, and analysed as its di-t-butyldimethylsilyl derivative by capillary gas chromatography/electron-impact mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The internal standard was a previously synthesized deuterated compound, 3-[2H]-(2R)-lactic acid. The method gives good reproductibility and precision, the overall standard deviation being better than 3%. The GC/MS assay was in good agreement with the enzymatic determination.     

尿中有机酸的毛细管气相色谱—质谱轮廓分析—用于苯丙酮尿症的诊断

应用毛细管气相色谱-质谱轮廓分析方法,测定了33例2.5～4.5岁健康儿童尿中有机酸种类及含量和8例拟诊为苯丙酮尿症儿童尿中的有机酸,结果表明患儿尿样中苯丙酮酸、苯乙酸、邻羟基苯乙酸、对羟基苯乙酸高于正常值10～470倍。为苯丙酮尿症的确诊提供了可靠方法。     

Simultaneous determination of fenpropimorph and the corresponding metabolite fenpropimorphic acid in soil

Summary An analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of fenpropimorph and its main metabolite fenpropimorphic acid in soil is reported. Extraction with acetone/water (2:1), liquid/liquid partition with dichloromethane and clean-up using gel permeation chromatography is employed to concentrate the analytes. Methylation of the polar metabolite is absolutely required for GC/MS and GC/NPD. The parent compound fenpropimorph is not influenced by this derivatization step. The detection limits are 0.005 mg/kg for fenpropimorph and 0.010 mg/kg for fenpropimorphic acid.     

Characterization of medieval proteinaceous painting media using gas chromatography and gas chromatography — mass spectrometry

Proteinaceous organic materials used as ancient painting media were investigated by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and capillary gas chromatography — mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Medieval wall paintings made by the tempera technique were considered and their binding media were studied by the characterization of their main chemical components. The basic methodology is based on the determination of amino acids in samples of paint layers after hydrolysis and derivatization and on the comparison with reference proteinaceous materials. Multivariate chemometric techniques were used to facilitate the recognition of the protein source from chromatographic data. To characterize the binders further, a method was developed for the determination of fatty acids, present as minor components, by GC/MS. The use of fused-silica capillary columns coated with selected stationary phases allowed the separation of amino acid and fatty acid derivatives in a single analytical run.     

特丁二甲硅烷基衍生化气相色谱-质谱法检测尿中4种苯氧羧酸类除草剂

建立了尿中2,4-滴(2,4-D)、2,4-滴丙酸(2,4-DP)2、甲4氯(MCPA)和2甲4氯丙酸(MCPP)4种苯氧羧酸类除草剂的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析方法。尿样加氯化钠饱和,酸化后用乙醚萃取,萃取物进行特丁二甲硅烷基(TBDMS)衍生化后分析。尿中4种除草剂的浓度在3~3 000 ng/mL范围内工作曲线的线性关系良好,检出限在1 ng/mL以下,3、100和1 000 ng/mL水平加标回收率在97.0%~102.2%之间,精密度在6.2%~14.2%之间。该法灵敏,可用于中毒者和职业接触者尿中苯氧羧酸类除草剂的分析。     

Determination of methylmalonic acid and glutaric acid in urine by aqueous-phase derivatization followed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

In this work, a novel technique of aqueous-phase derivatization followed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of organic acids in urine. The analytical procedure involves derivatization of organic acids to their ethyl esters with diethyl sulfate, headspace sampling, and GC/MS analysis. The proposed method was applied to the determination of methylmalonic acid and glutaric acid in urine. The experimental parameters and method validation were studied. Optimal conditions were obtained: PDMS fiber, extraction temperature 55 degrees C, extraction time 30 min, and 60 microL of diethyl sulfate as derivatization reagent with 2 mg of the ion pairing agent tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate. The method was linear over three orders of magnitude, and detection limits were 21 nM for methylmalonic acid and 34 nM for glutaric acid, respectively. Consequently, in-situ derivatization/HS-SPME/GC/MS is an alternative and powerful method for determination of organic acids as biomarkers in biological fluids.     

Determination of chlorinated paraffins by GC-MS

Summary Although chlorinated paraffins are widely used and therefore produced in large amounts (about 250 kt/a) — with well known problems —, there is a lack of a selective, highly sensitive and reproducible analytical method for the determination of these substances. Such a method is presented using GC/MS with electron impact ionization for their quantitative determination. The samples, pretreated with conc. sulphuric acid, were cleaned up by solid-phase extraction on alumina, and the chlorinated paraffins were determined by GC/MS using highly selective ion clusters.By this method, determination limits of 3 ng (corresponding to about 1.5 ppb) were routinely obtained. In contrast to the general methods of maximum signal selection or the selection of molecule ions in mass spectroscopy, the presented approach leads to higher selectivity, less discrimination between different types of chlorinated paraffins and allows to obtain further information on the degree of chlorination.     

Pentafluorobenzylation of the fungicide metabolite fenpropimorphic acid for GC/MS investigations of soil samples

For the determination of fenpropimorphic acid in soil samples, a derivatization step with pentafluorobenzylbromide has been established in order to perform GC/MS with negative chemical ionization. In spite of forming the electrophilic pentafluorobenzyl ester, only the fenpropimophic acid anion was detected. Additional derivatization reactions with diazomethane and 2,2,2-trichloroethanol showed that the formation of this acid anion was depending on the leaving group. In comparison with the determination of the methyl ester with GC/MS and electron impact ionization, the detection limit was however improved from 10 microg/kg to 2 microg/kg dry soil and the analytical quality was ensured due to higher stability of the pentafluorobenzyl ester standards.