共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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制作双催化层结构的PEMFC电极.该双催化层由含有Nafion的内催化层、无Nafion的外催化层组成.循环伏安测试表明,未与Nafion直接接触的外催化层Pt/C催化剂也参与发生在"Pt/Nafion"界面氢原子的吸脱附反应和Pt表面含氧粒子的电化学氧化还原.当电势扫描速率较低时,未与Nafion直接接触的外层Pt/C催化剂,其对氢脱附电流的贡献和直接与Nafion接触的内催化层的Pt/C催化剂大致相当.以双催化层电极作PEMFC阴极,单电池(PEMFC)极化曲线测试表明,其阴极外催化层能明显地提高该单电池在活化极化区的输出性能.进一步证明了PEMFC阴极外催化层不与Nafion直接接触的Pt/C催化剂可通过其表面吸附含氧粒子的表面扩散参与发生在"Pt/Nafion"界面氧的电化学还原反应.上述实验为设计PEMFC电极提供了一定的新思路. 相似文献
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Pt纳米催化剂在质子交换膜燃料电池催化层中的尺寸效应研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以XC-72碳黑为载体, H2[PtCl6]为前驱体, 采用浸渍还原法并结合后续高温处理, 制备出不同尺寸Pt颗粒(3~8 nm)的Pt/C催化剂. 在基于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)单电池的电化学电解池中, 对实际PEMFC催化层中燃料电池反应的Pt催化剂尺寸效应进行了研究. 结果表明, 在PEMFC催化层环境中, Pt/C纳米催化剂对氢氧化和氧还原反应均有显著的粒度尺寸效应. 随着Pt粒度减小, 氢氧化和氧还原反应的表面积活性均降低. 相似文献
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通过溶胶混合法将超级电容器材料RuO2负载到Pt/C上,制成了Pt/C-RuO2催化剂,并用这种催化剂组装成质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)单电池,测试了其循环伏安曲线和多电位阶跃计时电流.结果表明,加入RuO2之后,催化剂的双电层电容明显增大.单电池的放电曲线测试结果表明,在加入少量RuO2(w≤8%)的情况下,单电池的性能略有降低.通过单电池在不同电流下电压动态响应和对脉冲电流的动态响应测试,表明在加入RuO2之后,单电池电压的瞬间衰减明显减缓.这说明RuO2具有在瞬间加大电流负载时缓冲电池电压的作用,即以Pt/C-RuO2为催化剂的PEMFC单电池的动态响应性能大幅度提高. 相似文献
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采用脉冲微波辅助化学还原法制备了质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)用Pt/C 催化剂. 通过透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析技术对催化剂的微观结构和形貌进行了表征, 并利用循环伏安(CV)、线性扫描(LSV)和恒电位测量等方法评价了催化剂催化氧还原性能. 在此基础上制备了膜电极(MEA)并组装成单电池, 考察了制备的Pt/C 催化剂作为阴极催化剂材料的电催化性能. 结果表明, 脉冲微波辅助化学还原法是一种制备PEMFC催化剂的有效方法, 溶液pH值和微波功率对Pt 颗粒直径和分散有重要影响. TEM和XRD结果显示, 当溶液pH值为10 且微波功率为2 kW时, Pt 纳米粒子较均匀地分散在碳载体上, 粒径分布在1.3-2.4 nm之间, 平均粒径为1.8 nm. CV、LSV和恒电位测试结果表明, 该催化剂电化学比表面积(ESA)为55.6 m2·g-1, 具有良好的催化氧还原反应活性和稳定性. 单电池测试结果表明, 在溶液pH值为10条件下, 微波功率为2 kW时制备的催化剂作阴极催化剂时, 单电池最高功率密度为2.26 W·cm-2·mg-1, 高于微波功率为1 kW时的最高功率密度(2.15 W·cm-2·mg-1)和Johnson Matthey催化剂的最高功率密度(1.89 W·cm-2·mg-1). 相似文献
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新型自增湿膜电极的制备及其燃料电池性能 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC)是以环境友好的方式输出高功率密度的电能 ,有望应用于动力电源、家用电源、通信电源及便携式电源等领域 [1] .在 PEMFC的应用开发中 ,成本正在逐渐降低 ,各种贮氢系统也相继出现 .然而要使 PEMFC实现产业化还必须简化复杂的运行系统 ,提高电池的功率体积比与功率质量比 .为此 ,自增湿 PEMFC被视为最有希望的燃料电池应用技术 .自增湿膜电极是实现自增湿技术的根本途径 .Watanabe等[2 ] 首先提出用 Pt微粒与 Si O2 或 Ti O2 掺杂在电解质膜中制备自增湿 MEA,Pt微粒有效地阻止了氢氧的交叉扩散 ,并在… 相似文献
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无机胶体法制备Pt/C催化剂及其性能表征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用无机胶体法制备用于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的Pt/C催化剂。研究了影响PtO2胶体生成和稳定性的因素(溶液的pH值、浓度和温度条件等)以及不同还原剂浓度对Pt/C催化剂性能的影响。透射电子显微镜测试结果表明,采用经优化的工艺条件所制备的Pt/C催化剂平均粒径为3 nm,且分散性好、粒度均匀。X-射线衍射分析表明,催化剂中Pt(111)晶面的相对含量较高,有利于加速氧还原反应。单体PEMFC的电压/电流密度曲线测试表明,所制备的Pt/C催化剂具有良好的电化学性能。 相似文献
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ZHANG Yanfeng LI Zhong** YANG Shuting CAO Zhaoxia Research Institute of Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Research Institute of New Energy & Materials of Henan Province Henan Normal University Xinxiang China 《Chinese Journal of Reactive Polymers》2004,(Z1)
1. INTRODUCTION The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are viewed as one of the most environmentally friendly propulsion system for automotive vehicle in the future, because of its distinct advantages such as high power density, lightweight, low environmental loads and low-temperature operation [1~3]. The biggest challenge for the development of fuel cells for automotive application is reduction of the cost of the cell stack (currently at $500 per kW, while 2004 PNGV goal… 相似文献
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In this paper. MPtC (M= La, Nd) catalysts of PEMFC were synthesized by microwaver adiation process. The crystallinity, and structure of catalysts were respectively analyzed by XRD and nitrogen adsorption tests. The activiy, of catalysts was investigated by electrochemistry experiment.The results showed that. compared with Pt/C catalyst prepared by typical impregnation-reduction process, the size of MPt C catalyst particle decreased and the available crystal for O2 reductionincreased. 2) the MPt, C catalysts had relatively high BET surface areas; and 3)these crystal transformations of the MPt/C catalyst brought high the electrocatalytic activity, and as a result,improved the power of PEMFC. 相似文献
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Jianlu Zhang Xiaoli Wang Chuan Wu Hongmin Wang Baolian Yi Huanmin Zhang 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2004,83(2):229-236
Three Pt/C catalysts for PEMFC cathode were prepared by impregnation-reduction method using HCHO, NaBH4, and N2H4 as reductant, respectively, and characterized by BET, CV and XRD. The effect of reduction methods on the activity of catalysts
was investigated. Compared with NaBH4 and N2H4, HCHO is the most suitable one among the three reductants. The catalytic activity for oxygen reduction is in the order Pt(HCHO)
> Pt(NaBH4) > Pt(N2H4).
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Bing ZHANG Li Juan CHEN Kai Yong GE Yah Chuan GUO Bi Xian PENG 《中国化学快报》2005,16(11):1531-1534
Multiwall carbon nanotube-supported Pt (Pt/MWNTs) catalysts with high dispersion and high loading of Pt were prepared by chemical reduction method and the loading of Pt got to 40 wt%. The average diameter of Pt nanoparticles on MWNTs was about 3.5 nm. When the hydrogen and air were used as reactant gases for PEMFC, Pt/MWNTs catalysts showed significantly higher performance than the Pt/XC-72 (carbon black) catalysts. 相似文献
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High Pt utilization PEMFC electrode obtained by alternative ion-exchange/electrodeposition 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
High Pt utilization PEMFC electrodes were prepared by an alternative ion-exchange/electrodeposition (AIEE) technique. The results demonstrated that the MEA employing an AIEE electrode with a Pt loading of 0.014 mg Pt cm(-2) exhibits performance approximately 2.2 times larger than that employing a conventional Nafion-bonded Pt/C electrode with a same Pt loading. 相似文献
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Erythrocyte-like hollow carbon capsules and their application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Hierarchical nanostructured erythrocyte-like hollow carbon (EHC) with a hollow hemispherical macroporous core of ca. 230 nm in diameter and 30-40 nm thick mesoporous shell was synthesized and explored as a cathode catalyst support in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The morphology control of EHC was successfully achieved using solid core/mesoporous shell (SCMS) silica template and different styrene/furfuryl alcohol mixture compositions by a nanocasting method. The EHC-supported Pt (20 wt%) cathodes prepared have demonstrated markedly enhanced catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) and greatly improved PEMFC polarization performance compared to carbon black Vulcan XC-72 (VC)-supported ones, probably due to the superb structural characteristics of the EHC such as uniform size, well-developed porosity, large specific surface area and pore volume. In particular, Pt/EHC cathodes exhibited ca. 30-60% higher ORR activity than a commercial Johnson Matthey Pt catalyst at a low catalyst loading of 0.2 mg Pt cm(-2). 相似文献
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