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MicroRNA(miRNA)是一种内源性的非编码单链RNA,通过与mRNA的3'端非翻译区(UTR)的不完全互补或完全互补结合抑制靶mRNA的翻译或促使靶mRNA的降解来调控基因的表达,参与细胞的增殖、凋亡、分化和代谢等重要过程。MiRNA表达的变化可以起到癌基因和抑癌基因的作用,是一种潜在的肿瘤标志物,因此,miRNA的检测技术引起了人们的关注。由于电化学检测方法具有灵敏、快速、低成本和低能耗等特点,研究者广泛开展了应用电化学技术来发展miRNA检测的研究。本文将对基于电化学技术的miRNA检测方法进行综述。 相似文献
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纳米电化学生物传感器 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
杨海朋|陈仕国|李春辉|陈东成|戈早川 《化学进展》2009,21(1):210-216
纳米电化学生物传感器是将纳米材料作为一种新型的生物传感介质,与特异性分子识别物质如酶、抗原/抗体、DNA等相结合,并以电化学信号为检测信号的分析器件。本文简要介绍了生物传感器的分类和纳米材料在电化学生物传感器中的应用及其优势,综述了近年来各类纳米电化学生物传感器在生物检测方面的研究进展,包括纳米颗粒生物传感器,纳米管、纳米棒、纳米纤维与纳米线生物传感器,以及纳米片与纳米阵列生物传感器等。 相似文献
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将石墨烯与其他纳米材料复合,是一种拓展或增强其应用的有效方法。借助不同组分间的协同作用,可以改善石墨烯的电学、化学和电化学性质,拓展和增强石墨烯的电化学效应,为固定氧化还原酶,实现直接电化学提供新型、高效的平台,应用于第三代电化学生物传感器的设计和制备,对葡萄糖、胆固醇、血红蛋白、DNA、H2O2、O2、小生物分子等的检测显示出了优异的灵敏度和选择性。本文综述了基于石墨烯构筑的纳米复合材料在电化学生物传感器中的应用研究,包括石墨烯与贵金属、金属氧化物/半导体纳米粒子、高分子、染料分子、离子液体、生物分子等的纳米复合材料,并对石墨烯材料在电化学领域的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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电化学生物传感器在农药检测中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
农药包括杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂等,在种植业、养殖业、园林业等领域中有着广泛的应用。全球快速增长的农药使用量给环境、人的身体健康带来了潜在的危害。农药的种类繁多(多达几千种),结构各异,并且在样品中的含量极低(但毒性可能高)。针对这一问题,欧盟提出60多种使用量较大, 相似文献
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采用微波水热法合成了一种中空氧化镍纳米微球(NiO), 然后将其与1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑四氟硼酸盐(BMIMBF4)的复合膜用于血红蛋白(Hb)在碳糊电极上的固定, 制备了NaNO2生物传感器. 通过扫描电子显微镜、 傅里叶变换红外光谱及紫外-可见光谱等分析表明, Hb已固定于NiO和BMIMBF4的复合膜中并能保持其生物活性; 进一步通过电化学阻抗法研究了修饰电极中混合物各组分的作用. 结果表明, 在NiO和BMIMBF4的复合膜中, Hb能实现有效的直接电子转移, 且修饰后的电极对NaNO2有良好响应, 响应时间小于5 s, 检出限为4.57 μmol/L(S/N=3), 灵敏度为46.2 μA·L·mmol-1, 线性范围为10~170 μmol/L, 表观米氏常数KM为2.4 mmol/L, 该方法的重现性和电极的稳定性良好. 相似文献
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Yurong Yan Dan Zhao Taixian Yuan Jun Hu Decai Zhang Wei Cheng Wei Zhang Shijia Ding 《Electroanalysis》2013,25(10):2354-2359
A simple and highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for microRNA (miRNA) detection was successfully developed by integrating a target‐assisted isothermal exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) with enzyme‐amplified electrochemical readout. The binding of target miRNA with the immobilized linear DNA template generated a part duplex and triggered primer extension reaction to form a double‐stranded DNA. Then one of the DNA strands was cleaved by nicking endonuclease and extended again. The short fragments with the same sequence as the target miRNA except for the replacement of uridines and ribonucleotides with thymines and deoxyribonucleotides could be displaced and released. Hybridization of these released DNA fragments with other amplification templates and their extension on the templates led to target exponential amplification. Integrating with enzyme‐amplified electrochemical readout, the electrochemical signal decreases with the increasing target microRNA concentration. The method could detect miRNA down to 98.9 fM with a linear range from 100 fM to 10 nM. The fabrication and binding processes were characterized with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The specificity of the method allowed single‐nucleotide difference between miRNA family members to be discriminated. The established biosensor displayed excellent analytical performance toward miRNA detection and might present a powerful and convenient tool for biomedical research and clinic diagnostic application. 相似文献
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Electrochemical Signal Tracing by Glucose Oxidase and Ferrocene Dually Functionalized Gold Nanoprobe for Ultrasensitive Immunoassay 下载免费PDF全文
A glucose oxidase (GOD) and ferrocene (Fc) dually functionalized gold nanoprobe was simply prepared for electrochemical immunoassay. By combination with sandwich immunoreaction at a carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based immunosensor and signal tracing of the nanoprobe through the Fc‐mediated GOD‐catalytic reaction, a new electrochemical immunoassay method was successfully developed. Both the multi‐enzyme signal amplification of the nanoprobe and the electron transfer promotion of the CNTs modified on the immunosensor greatly enhanced the signal response. Thus this method showed excellent analytical performance including ultrahigh sensitivity, wide linear range as well as good specificity, reproducibility, stability and reliability for human IgG measurement. 相似文献
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介绍了一种利用互补核酸杂交富集金胶实现信号扩增的蛋白质生物传感器. 以凝血酶蛋白为研究对象, 利用凝血酶蛋白相对应的两段核酸适配体, 将适配体Ⅰ固定在磁性颗粒上, 用于特异性地捕获蛋白, 将适配体Ⅱ标记金胶作为检测信标. 由凝血酶蛋白和相对应的两段核酸适配体构建三明治结构的凝血酶蛋白生物传感器. 另外, 再通过信标金胶上过剩的核酸适配体链与另一段标记有金胶的互补核酸进一步杂交, 获得金胶的选择性聚集, 实现了信号扩增. 通过信号扩增, 使此传感器的灵敏度大大提高, 对凝血酶蛋白的检测下限可达到4.52×10-15 mol/L. 平行测定浓度为7.47×10-14 mol/L的凝血酶8次, 其RSD为3.0%. 该生物传感器对凝血酶蛋白有很好的特异性, 其它蛋白如溶菌酶和牛血清白蛋白的存在对于检测没有影响. 相似文献
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《Electroanalysis》2017,29(11):2620-2627
Bisphenol A, an important compound that is classified as an environmental hormone, has been proven to have harmful effects on human health and ecology. A molybdenum disulfide/Au nanorod‐modified glassy carbon electrode was prepared as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of bisphenol A using a simple and convenient approach. UV–Vis spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy were employed to characterize the composite. The electrochemical behavior of bisphenol A at the modified electrode was investigated via differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that bisphenol A exhibits a good electrochemical signal at the modified electrode under optimized conditions, and a good linear relationship was observed between the bisphenol A concentration and peak current within the range of 0.01–50 μM, with a detection limit of 3.4 nM. Furthermore, the fabricated electrodes showed good anti‐interference, reproducibility and stability. The proposed electrochemical method was successfully applied for the detection of bisphenol A in milk and water samples, and its potential for applications in pollutant detection was demonstrated. 相似文献
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Margarita Stoytcheva Roumen Zlatev Zdravka Velkova Velizar Gochev Alan Ayala Gisela Montero Benjamín Valdez 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(8):1526-1534
A simple technique for the construction of a versatile diazirine‐functionalized nanostructured platform for enzymes photografting and electrochemical biosensing was proposed in this work. The feasibility of the approach was proved by photo crosslinking of an enzyme, tyrosinase, to diazirine‐activated aminated carbon nanotubes coated glassy carbon electrode. The analytical performances of the realized biosensor were evaluated employing catechol as analyte. Then the sensor based on the diazirine‐functionalized nanostructured platform with photografted tyrosinase was applied together with the high resolution technique Differential Alternative Pulses Voltammetry for dopamine determination in the linear concentration range of 5–25 μmol L?1 in the presence of interfering agents as uric acid up to its 100‐fold excess. 相似文献
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Xue-Mei Li 《Analytica chimica acta》2010,673(2):133-4627
Multiplex electrochemical detection of two DNA target sequences in one sample using enzyme-functionalized Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) as catalytic labels for was proposed. This DNA sensor was fabricated using a “sandwich” detection strategy, involving two kinds of capture probes DNA immobilized on glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and hybridization with target DNA sequences, which further hybridized with the reporter DNA loaded on the AuNPs. The AuNP contained two kinds of DNA sequences, one was complementary to the target DNA, while the other was noncomplementary to the target. The noncomplementary sequences were linked with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), respectively. Enhanced detection sensitivity was obtained where the AuNPs carriers increased the amount of enzyme molecules per hybridization. Electrochemical signals were generated from the enzymatic products produced from the substrates catalyzed by HRP and ALP. Under optimal conditions, a 33-mer sequence could be quantified over the ranges from 1.5 × 10−13 to 5.0 × 10−12 M with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10−13 M using HRP-AuNP as labels, and a 33-mer sequence could be quantified over the ranges from 4.5 × 10−11 M to 1.0 × 10−9 M with a detection limit of 1.2 × 10−11 M using ALP-AuNP as labels. 相似文献
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The exploitation of antibiotics has caused many side effects on the agriculture, environment, and human health. The existing methods have numerous shortcomings in determining gentamicin (GEN), a broad-spectrum antibiotic that causes nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity when found in excess. Here, an immunosensing platform to detect GEN using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanocomposite, deposited electrophoretically on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass has been developed. A novel 2-D graphene analog MoS2@ MWCNTs nanocomposite was made via a facile and low-cost hydrothermal technique using l-cysteine to achieve remarkable electrochemical properties. Subsequently, a highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated by assembling monoclonal antibodies against gentamicin (anti-GEN) on a MoS2@MWCNTs modified ITO electrode. The hetero-nanostructure formed on the immunosensor surface appeared relatively good conductor for accelerating the electron transfer. GEN was determined on anti-GEN modified electrodes by utilizing the differential pulse voltammetry technique by measuring the difference in current owing to the transfer of electrons directly between the redox species and immunoelectrodes. Under optimal experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear detection range of 1 × 10?6–40 μg/mL, a high sensitivity of 13.55 μA (log μg/mL)?1 and a low limit of detection and limit of quantification of 0.039 μg/mL and 0.130 μg/mL, respectively. The developed immunosensor also exhibits high reproducibility, repeatability, and good selectivity against various interferences. This electrochemical immunosensor having MoS2 modified MWCNTs displays the excellent potential for the point-of-care device for GEN testing. 相似文献
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利用无模板水热法合成了镍纳米球,并通过部分氧化制备了Ni@NiO核壳结构的纳米复合物。合成的镍球和Ni@NiO复合物的尺寸可以通过简单调节反应条件来控制。运用XRD、EDS、TEM和SEM等测试方法对合成样品的形貌和组成进行了表征。Ni和Ni@NiO复合材料均有较好的磁性,其磁性用磁滞回线进行了表征。此外,Ni@NiO纳米复合物可以和血红蛋白结合构建过氧化氢生物传感器,该生物传感器对过氧化氢表现出很好的生物电催化活性,且具有较低的检测限和较宽的线性响应范围。该复合材料对于血红蛋白催化还原过氧化氢具有米氏响应和较小的米氏常数,表明Ni@NiO能较好地保持血红蛋白原有的活性。 相似文献