荧光光谱法结合分子对接研究邻苯二甲酸单环己酯与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

通过荧光光谱、圆二色谱及计算机模拟技术研究了邻苯二甲酸单环己酯（MCHP）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用机制。结果表明：MCHP能够自发进入BSA的结合位点I，并引起BSA的内源荧光猝灭；BSA-MCHP复合物的稳定性随着温度上升而下降；除了氢键和范德华力，MCHP与BSA之间的Pi-Sigma、 Pi-Alkyl以及Alkyl作用力在结合过程中也发挥了重要作用；MCHP诱导BSA的二级结构发生改变，其中α-螺旋的含量从游离态的66.5%下降至复合态的59.0%；计算机模拟结果表明，BSA的Trp213和Arg198残基与MCHP的2个羰基上的氧原子形成2个氢键，并且Trp213与MCHP之间的相互作用是导致BSA荧光猝灭的重要因素。     

邻苯二甲酸二环己酯与牛血清白蛋白相互作用研究北大核心CSCD

本文利用光谱法和分子对接技术,研究邻苯二甲酸二环己酯(DCHP)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用机制。荧光光谱结果表明,DCHP可以诱导BSA的内源性荧光猝灭,且猝灭机制为静态猝灭;随着DCHP浓度增大,BSA最大发射波长发生蓝移。不同温度下的热力学常数表明,DCHP主要靠氢键和范德华力与BSA相结合;同时DCHP与BSA只有1个结合位点。位点实验结果显示DCHP与BSA在位点Ⅰ结合。同步荧光光谱、三维荧光和圆二色谱结果进一步证实DCHP改变了BSA的构象。通过分子对接技术模拟DCHP与BSA在分子水平上的相互作用机制,结果与光谱学研究结果一致。     

光谱法与分子模拟技术研究杨梅素与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

利用紫外光谱、荧光光谱、红边激发荧光位移(REES)法、圆二色谱(CD)结合分子模拟技术共同研究了模拟生理条件下杨梅素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,阐述了相互作用机制.分子模拟结果表明,杨梅素与蛋白在亚结构域II A的疏水腔内结合,主要作用力为疏水作用力和氢键.依据荧光猝灭法判断猝灭机制为静态猝灭,并得到不同温度下药物与蛋白相互作用的结合常数(Ka)及结合位点数(n),根据热力学参数判断出作用力类型,并且计算出杨梅素与蛋白的结合距离,与分子模拟得到的判定结果基本一致.通过紫外光谱、同步荧光光谱以及REES法获得的信息讨论了相互作用时BSA中色氨酸(Trp)微环境的变化;并利用CD谱的测定结果定量计算了BSA二级结构中α-螺旋含量的变化.     

Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ)存在条件下盐酸小檗碱与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

使用荧光光谱和紫外光谱研究Cu（Ⅱ）,Ni（Ⅱ）存在的条件下对盐酸小檗碱（berberine chloride dihydrate,BC）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）相互作用的影响。得到的猝灭常数Ksv表明,金属离子Cu（Ⅱ）或Ni（Ⅱ）的存在不影响其猝灭机理。基于Fcirster非辐射能量转移机理,获得了盐酸小檗碱与牛血清白蛋白的212位色氨酸残基问的距离：讨论了金属离子与BSA的结合构型对BC与BSA相互作用的影响。     

桑色素与血清白蛋白相互作用热力学行为

利用荧光光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、圆二色谱、分子模拟等方法,在近似生理条件下,以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为模式蛋白质,研究了桑色素(Morin)和血清白蛋白相互作用的热力学行为及其特征。荧光光谱结果表明:Morin能有效猝灭BSA的内源荧光,猝灭机制为静态猝灭;通过van’t Hoff方程,获取了BSA与Morin结合的热力学参数(?H?、?S?、?G?等),发现Morin与BSA两者之间的相互作用是一个吉布斯自由能降低的自发过程,且氢键和范德华力是二者结合的驱动力。通过分子模拟方法,发现Morin结合在BSA分子亚结构域IIIA的疏水腔内位点II,荧光共振能量转移结果表明Morin和与BSA的两个色氨酸残基的平均距离为3.09nm。圆二色谱结果表明Morin分子的结合会引起BSA分子α-螺旋含量降低。     

光谱法研究9-甲氧基喜树碱与BSA的相互作用

本文用吸收、荧光、圆二色等光谱法研究了9-甲氧基喜树碱(9-MCPT)与BSA的相互作用。随着9-MCPT的导入,BSA的吸收光谱发生位移,BSA的荧光发生猝灭并使荧光发射峰蓝移,说明9-MCPT与BSA发生了相互作用,且其产物是复合物。298K下体系的猝灭常数、结合常数和结合位点数分别为9.550×10⁴ L·mol^-1、2.589×10⁴ L·mol^-1和0.8949;并且猝灭常数随温度升高而减小,表明9-MCPT以静态方式猝灭BSA的荧光、结合比为1∶1。该体系的ΔH和ΔS均为负值,分别为-5.791 KJ·mol^-1、-2.636 J·mol^-1·K^-1,说明BSA与9-MCPT的结合主要是氢键和范德华力所使,ΔG<0表明9-MCPT自发与BSA发生作用。同步荧光光谱数据显示,9-MCPT接近BSA中酪氨酸残基。位点竞争实验显示9-MCPT-BSA的结合位点处于在BSAⅡA亚域内的SiteⅠ位点上。CD光谱中BSA的α-...     

盐酸异丙肾上腺素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用

采用荧光猝灭法和毛细管区带电泳法研究了盐酸异丙肾上腺素（IH）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用。荧光猝灭法研究表明:IH对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,根据Stern-Volmer方程得到猝灭速率常数（K_q）为2.53×10¹³ L·mol^-1·s^-1,该荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式计算得结合常数为1.72×10⁴ L·mol^-1,结合位点数n为1;毛细管区带电泳法研究表明:IH与BSA的结合常数为4.07×10⁴ L·mol^-1,结合位点数n为1。     

二价铅离子与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

用荧光法研究了二价铅离子与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用,测定了不同条件下pb2+与BSA作用的荧光光谱,并通过热力学计算探讨了二者的作用方式、BSA荧光的猝灭机理、Pb2+与BSA之间的结合常数及结合位点.结果表明,Pb2+对BSA的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭,pb2+通过疏水作用力进入BSA的疏水腔与之发生相互作用,反应的△G=...     

可可碱与牛血清白蛋白作用光谱特性的研究

本文应用荧光光谱法研究了可可碱（TB）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）相互作用的光谱特性。测定了18℃、30℃、40℃温度下的结合常数KA分别为1．68&#215;10^4、1．58&#215;10^4、1．45&#215;10^4L／mol,结合位点数咒分别为1．04、1．03、1．03。实验结果表明：TB对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭;热力学参数探讨其相互作用机理,TB主要以静电力与BSA相互作用;研究了TB对BSA构象的影响,BSA的荧光主要源于色氨酸残基。同时研究了Cu^2＋存在下TB与BSA的相互作用。     

盐酸鸟嘌呤与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

应用荧光光谱、紫外-可见分光光度法研究了盐酸鸟嘌呤(GH)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明:GH能猝灭BSA的荧光强度,其猝灭机理为静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式和热力学公式计算了结合常数、结合位点数及结合类型。用同步荧光技术研究GH对BSA构象的影响。     

On the interaction of bovine serum albumin with ionic surfactants: temperature induced EPR changes of a maleimide nitroxide reflect local protein dynamics and probe solvent accessibility

The interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with the ionic surfactants sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS, anionic), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, cationic) and N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate (HPS, zwitterionic) was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of spin label covalently bound to the single free thiol group of the protein. EPR spectra simulation allows to monitor the protein dynamics at the labeling site and to estimate the changes in standard Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy for transferring the nitroxide side chain from the more motionally restricted to the less restricted component. Whereas SDS and CTAC showed similar increases in the dynamics of the protein backbone for all measured concentrations, HPS presented a smaller effect at concentrations above 1.5mM. At 10mM of surfactants and 0.15 mM BSA, the standard Gibbs free energy change was consistent with protein backbone conformations more expanded and exposed to the solvent as compared to the native protein, but with a less pronounced effect for HPS. In the presence of the surfactants, the enthalpy change, related to the energy required to dissociate the nitroxide side chain from the protein, was greater, suggesting a lower water activity. The nitroxide side chain also detected a higher viscosity environment in the vicinity of the paramagnetic probe induced by the addition of the surfactants. The results suggest that the surfactant-BSA interaction, at higher surfactant concentration, is affected by the affinities of the surfactant to its own micelles and micelle-like aggregates. Complementary DLS data suggests that the temperature induced changes monitored by the nitroxide probe reflects local changes in the vicinity of the single thiol group of Cys-34 BSA residue.     

Study of the conjugation reaction between bovine serum albumin and gentamicin with Ponceau S as fluorescence probe

Abstract  

Ponceau S (PS) can quench the fluorescence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous solution of pH 7.40. The static fluorescence-quenching process between BSA and PS was confirmed and the binding constant, the number of binding sites, and thermodynamic data for the interaction between BSA and PS were obtained. The results showed that the number of binding sites was 1 and that electrostatic attraction was important in the binding of BSA to PS. On the basis of the theory of F?rster resonance energy transfer, the binding distance (r < 7 nm) between PS and BSA was obtained. Site marker competitive experiments indicated that binding of PS to BSA primarily occurred in sub-domain IIA (site I). There was no obvious fluorescence intensity change on combining BSA and gentamicin (GM), so the conjugation reaction between BSA and GM cannot be studied by spectroscopy. It was observed that when GM was added to the BSA–PS system, the relative fluorescence intensity of the system recovered gradually with increasing concentration of GM, which showed there was a conjugation reaction between GM and BSA and that binding of GM to BSA primarily occurred in sub-domain IIA (site I).     

In‐Situ Spin Labeling of His‐Tagged Proteins: Distance Measurements under In‐Cell Conditions

New spin labeling strategies have immense potential in studying protein structure and dynamics under physiological conditions with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Here, a new spin‐labeled chemical recognition unit for switchable and concomitantly high affinity binding to His‐tagged proteins was synthesized. In combination with an orthogonal site‐directed spin label, this novel spin probe, Proxyl‐trisNTA (P‐trisNTA) allows the extraction of structural constraints within proteins and macromolecular complexes by EPR. By using the multisubunit maltose import system of E. coli: 1) the topology of the substrate‐binding protein, 2) its substrate‐dependent conformational change, and 3) the formation of the membrane multiprotein complex can be extracted. Notably, the same distance information was retrieved both in vitro and in situ allowing for site‐specific spin labeling in cell lysates under in‐cell conditions. This approach will open new avenues towards in‐cell EPR.     

RGD-conjugated triarylmethyl radical as probe for electron paramagnetic imaging

A stable RGD-conjugated triarylmethyl (TAM) radical 3 has been synthesized in a straightforward three-step sequence. CT-03 ‘the Finland trityl’ which is a very popular contrast agent for electron paramagnetic resonance imaging has been covalently bound to the NH₂-ending of a pentapeptide commonly used to target integrins and confers tissue selectivity. Moreover, this new TAM radical is stable and sensitive to molecular oxygen.     

Network formation involving polyelectrolytes in solution: the role of counterions

The network-forming ability of a small fraction of nanosized trianions of the triarylmethyl class (TAM) with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) polyelectrolyte is studied by high-field/high-frequency (94 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. These tristar-shaped organic ions are expected to undergo both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with PDADMAC chains. The dependence of electron spin echo (ESE)-detected spectra of the TAM spin probe on PDADMAC concentration reveals a heterogeneous distribution of the spin-carrying counterions. One fraction of these ions forms densely packed clusters while another one is highly diluted. On varying the concentration ratio of TAM spin probe/PDADMAC, the mean distance between closest neighbors within clusters of approximately 1.5 nm does not change significantly, while their fraction increases with decreasing polyelectrolyte content. These findings indicate that the nanosized organic TAM trianions induce network formation in solutions of PDADMAC polyelectrolyte. The data are consistent with a zip-like cooperative binding effect of TAM ions, making this spin probe an interesting building block for electrostatic self-assembly.Dedicated to Professor E.W. Fischer on the occasion of his 75th birthday.     

EPR study of melanin-protein interaction: photoinduced free radicals and progressive microwave power saturation.

The photo-induction of free radicals in synthetic L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) melanin in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. By monitoring the signal intensities and progressive microwave power saturation it was shown that L-DOPA melanin in solution behaves as a single macromolecule, interacting with BSA and molecular oxygen. In the absence of oxygen, the EPR signal of L-DOPA melanin was homogeneously broadened; the magnetic interaction with oxygen induced inhomogeneous broadening. In aqueous solution, the presence of BSA decreased the accessibility of oxygen to paramagnetic centres in the melanin. On UV-visible illumination, the presence of BSA modified the rates of formation and decay of photoinduced free radicals, resulting in a net enhancement of the EPR signal compared with that observed in pure L-DOPA melanin.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrophilic Trityl Radical TFO for Biomedical and Biophysical Applications

Tetrathiatriarylmethyl (TAM, trityl) radicals have found wide applications as spin probes/labels for EPR spectroscopy and imaging, and as polarizing agents for dynamic nuclear polarization. The high hydrophilicity of TAM radicals is essential for their biomedical applications. However, the synthesis of hydrophilic TAM radicals (e.g., OX063) is extremely challenging and has only been reported in the patent literature, to date. Herein, an efficient synthesis of a highly water-soluble TAM radical bis(8-carboxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylbenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bis([1,3]dithiol-4-yl)-mono-(8-carboxyl-2,2,6,6-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bis([1,3]dithiol-4-yl)methyl (TFO), which contains four additional hydroxylethyl groups, relative to the Finland trityl radical CT-03, is reported. Similar to OX063, TFO exhibits excellent properties, including high water solubility in phosphate buffer, low log P, low pK_a, long relaxation times, and negligible binding with bovine serum albumin. On the other hand, TFO has a sharper EPR line and higher O₂ sensitivity than those of OX063. Therefore, in combination with its facile synthesis, TFO should find wide applications in magnetic resonance related fields and this synthetic approach would shed new light on the synthesis of other hydrophilic TAM radicals.     

荧光光谱法研究茶碱与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

荧光光谱法研究茶碱与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用;茶碱;牛血清白蛋白;荧光猝灭;能量转移     

Elektronenspinresonanz‐Spektroskopie

During the last two decades electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) witnessed a tremendous methodological and instrumental development, in particular in the areas of pulsed EPR and double resonance techniques. Often in combination with site‐directed spin‐labeling these techniques are applied within different subdisciplines in chemistry and in particular in biostructure research. Applications on the intrinsically disordered protein Alpha‐Synuclein associated with Parkinson's disease are used to illustrate the potential of modern EPR spectroscopy.     

A Bioresistant Nitroxide Spin Label for In‐Cell EPR Spectroscopy: In Vitro and In Oocytes Protein Structural Dynamics Studies

Approaching protein structural dynamics and protein–protein interactions in the cellular environment is a fundamental challenge. Owing to its absolute sensitivity and to its selectivity to paramagnetic species, site‐directed spin labeling (SDSL) combined with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has the potential to evolve into an efficient method to follow conformational changes in proteins directly inside cells. Until now, the use of nitroxide‐based spin labels for in‐cell studies has represented a major hurdle because of their short persistence in the cellular context. The design and synthesis of the first maleimido‐proxyl‐based spin label (M‐TETPO) resistant towards reduction and being efficient to probe protein dynamics by continuous wave and pulsed EPR is presented. In particular, the extended lifetime of M‐TETPO enabled the study of structural features of a chaperone in the absence and presence of its binding partner at endogenous concentration directly inside cells.