甲状腺良恶性结节SWE技术参数与超声造影参数的相关性及联合诊断价值分析

本文主要探讨甲状腺良恶性结节剪切波弹性成像(SWE)技术参数与超声造影(CEUS)参数相关性及SWE技术、CEUS联合诊断甲状腺良恶性结节的价值.选取甲状腺恶性结节患者51例作为恶性组,甲状腺良性结节患者63例作为良性组,均行SWE,CEUS检查,分析诊断价值,研究结果发现,Emin,Emean、Emax与Peak呈负...     

剪切波弹性成像定量参数对良恶性乳腺肿块的鉴别及对乳腺癌术后复发的预测价值

探讨剪切波弹性成像定量参数对乳腺癌诊断和预后预测的作用.以乳腺癌患者60例作为观察组,乳腺良性结节患者60例作为对照组,利用剪切波弹性成像行超声检查,收集最大弹性模量值(Emax).t检验分析两组Emax差异,并使用ROC曲线分析Emax诊断乳腺癌的价值.结果显示,与对照组比较,观察组AE-max、Shell1Emax...     

剪切波弹性成像在肌骨系统疾病诊断上的应用进展

超声剪切波弹性成像作为弹性成像的一种新技术路径,具有实时、无创、定量测量组织弹性的特点和优势。因肌肉硬度与其生物学特性相关,可使用超声剪切波弹性成像技术对肌肉的生物力学特征进行评估,也可为肌骨疾病的诊断提供新的参考工具。另外还可对肌骨系统中的其他成分如肌腱、韧带、神经进行生理状态下的评估和相关疾病的诊断。本文就其在肌肉、肌腱、韧带、神经上的应用作简要概述。     

非肿块型乳腺疾病超声弹性成像、剪切波弹性成像检测特征及其鉴别诊断

本文探讨超声弹性成像(UE)、剪切波弹性成像(SWE)在非肿块型乳腺病变中的价值.选取非肿块型乳腺病变患者100例,给予UE、SWE检查,同时与病理结果进行比较.研究结果发现,经病理学确诊良性病变67例,恶性病变33例;恶性病变UE评分≥4分的比例为72.37％,明显高于良性病变(P＜0.05);恶性病变弹性模量最大值...     

经直肠三维超声与应变力弹性成像对前列腺癌术后膀胱出口畅通度的评估

本文分析经直肠三维超声与应变力弹性成像对老年患者前列腺癌术后膀胱出口畅通度的诊断价值。选取130例老年前列腺癌患者作为研究对象,根据术后膀胱出口畅通度分为对照组与研究组,各65例。所有患者均进行经直肠三维超声、应变力弹性成像检查及尿动力学检查。结果显示,研究组患者的最大膀胱灌注量、最大尿流率(Qmax)测定值低于对照组患者(P<0.05),研究组患者的残余尿量(PVR)、最大逼尿肌压力(Pdetmax)、超声测量膀胱质量(UEBW)、最大弹性评分、动脉阻力指数、移行带指数、突入指数高于对照组患者(P<0.05)。与经直肠三维超声、应变力弹性成像单项诊断相比,两项联合对老年前列腺癌术后膀胱出口畅通度诊断价值较高,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.868(P<0.05)。经直肠三维超声与应变力弹性成像在老年患者前列腺癌术后膀胱出口畅通度的诊断中具有较高价值。     

SWE参数弹性模量值在乳腺癌发生腋窝淋巴结转移诊断中的价值

探讨实时剪切波弹性成像(SWE)参数弹性模量值在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移诊断中的价值.选取乳腺癌患者240例,给予SWE检查,均接受手术切除和腋窝淋巴结(ALN)切除术.ALN阳性组SWE图像呈硬化征、黑洞征、病灶弹性分布不均匀、病灶内部不均匀异常彩色、彩色硬度色谱呈红色的比例明显高于ALN阴性组(P＜0.05);ALN阳...     

经阴道常规超声结合剪切波弹性成像技术联合血清癌胚抗原对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值

探讨经阴道常规超声+剪切波弹性成像(SWE)技术联合血清癌胚抗原(CEA)对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值。选取子宫内膜病变患者152例,均接受病理检查、经阴道常规超声和SWE检查,并检测血清CEA水平。根据病理检查结果将患者分为恶性组和良性组。比较两组经阴道常规超声指标(子宫内膜厚度、RI、PI)、SWE指标(Emean、Esd、Emax)及血清CEA水平;ROC曲线分析各指标单独及联合诊断子宫内膜癌的价值。结果显示,89例患者诊断为子宫内膜癌(恶性组),63例患者诊断为子宫内膜良性病变(良性组)。恶性组子宫内膜厚度大于良性组,RI、PI均低于良性组,Emean、Esd、Emax及血清CEA水平均高于良性组(P<0.05)。子宫内膜厚度、Emean、Esd、Emax、CEA、RI、PI均是子宫内膜癌的危险因素(P<0.05)。联合诊断子宫内膜癌的AUC均高于单独诊断,说明经阴道常规超声+SWE技术联合血清CEA检测对子宫内膜癌具有较高诊断价值。     

彩超弹性成像技术在甲状腺癌诊断中的应用效果研究

本文研究并比较了彩超弹性成像技术和普通彩超进行甲状腺癌诊断的效果。选择126例甲状腺癌患者,以彩超弹性成像技术和普通彩超对甲状腺进行检查。结果显示,彩超弹性成像诊断恶性甲状腺癌的准确率高于普通彩超;彩超弹性成像检出恶性病变占比77.38%,明显高于普通彩超的44.64%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。患者甲状腺癌的恶性征象在全部恶性征象中的占比均超过80%,恶性征象在甲状腺癌患者中的占比以实性低回声最高,占71.43%。Logistics回归分析显示,甲状腺癌诊断结果的影响因素为淋巴结转移及病理类型。本研究表明采用彩超弹性成像技术能提高甲状腺恶性病变诊断的准确性,还能有效显示病灶良恶性程度,为临床诊断提供了可靠的检查办法。     

超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺活检对PTMC的诊断价值

本研究探讨超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺活检(US-FNAB)对甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)的诊断价值。选取经病理学检查确诊的203例甲状腺微小结节患者(203个结节)作为研究对象,所有患者均接受了US-FNAB检查,分析不同细胞学特征的甲状腺微小结节与甲状腺Bethesda分类的关系,并以病理学检查结果作为金标准,分析US-FNAB诊断PTMC的价值。根据甲状腺Bethesda分类标准,其中Ⅰ类结节0个、Ⅱ类结节33个、Ⅲ类结节49个、Ⅳ类结节51个、Ⅴ类结节40个、Ⅵ类结节30个。恶性甲状腺结节中实性结节、低回声结节、结节边界模糊、结节纵横径比≥1的占比均大于良性结节(P<0.05);US-FNAB鉴别诊断PTMC与甲状腺良性结节的灵敏度为85.29%、特异度为91.11%;超声鉴别诊断PTMC与甲状腺良性结节的灵敏度为75.00%、特异度为83.70%。US-FNAB对PTMC的诊断价值高于超声检查,对于制定临床个体化治疗方案具有重要意义。     

超声弹性成像参数联合血清MK和VEGF对分化型甲状腺癌的诊断价值及与肿瘤恶性程度关系研究

本研究选取了分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)患者106例为甲状腺癌组,同期106例甲状腺腺瘤患者为甲状腺腺瘤组,检测比较了两组患者的超声弹性成像参数(弹性比值、蓝色面积比值)、血清中期因子(midkine,MK)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平.研究结果发现,弹性比值、蓝色面积比值、血清MK和VEGF水平与DTC患者淋巴结转...     

Radiolabeled peptide probe for tumor imaging

Radionuclide imaging is now the premier imaging method in clinical practice for its high sensitivity and tomographic capability. Current clinically available radio imaging methods mostly use positron-emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to detect anatomic abnormalities that conventional imaging techniques typically have challenges for visualizing. Contrast agents are indispensable for radionuclide imaging, and the radionuclide is always attached to a suitable vector that achieves targeted delivery. Nowadays, peptides have attracted increasing interest in targeting vectors of contrast agents, mainly due to their high specificity for target receptors at nanomolar concentrations and low toxicity. Radiolabeled peptide probes as kinds of PET/SPECT tracers had become essential tools for clinical radionuclide diagnosis. This review mainly summarizes radiolabeled peptide probes for bioimaging, including fundamental concepts of radiolabeled peptide probe design, some typical peptide analogs radiocontrast agents for PET, SPECT, and the combination imaging.     

Design and preliminary assessment of 99mTc-labeled ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-conjugated bevacizumab for single photon emission computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a very high incidence and mortality. Early diagnosis and timely treatments are therefore required to improve the quality of life and survival rate of HCC patients. Here, we developed a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-based multimodality imaging agent for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and used it to assess HCC mice and explore the combinative value of CT/MRI-based morphological imaging and SPECT functional imaging. HCC targeting with ¹²⁵I-labeled bevacizumab monoclonal antibody (mAb) was examined using SPECT/CT in HepG2 tumor-bearing mice after intravenous mAb injection. Based on this, an integrated, bimodal, VEGF-targeted, ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-conjugated ^99mTc-labeled bevacizumab mAb was synthesized to increase tumor penetration and accumulations. The in vivo pharmacokinetics and HepG2 tumor targeting were explored through in vivo planar imaging and SPECT/CT using a mouse model of HepG2 liver cancer. The specificity of the radiolabeled nanoparticles for HepG2 HCC was verified using in vitro immunohistochemistry and Prussian blue staining. With diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid as a bifunctional chelating agent, USPIO-bevacizumab achieved a ^99mTc labeling efficiency of >90 %. The in vivo imaging results also exhibited the targeting of USPIO on HepG2 HCC. The specificity of these results was confirmed using in vitro immunohistochemistry and Prussian blue staining. Our preliminary findings showed the potential of USPIO as an imaging agent for the SPECT/MRI of HepG2 HCC.     

超声弹性成像联合超声造影在鉴别原发性及转移性肝癌中的应用

为探讨超声弹性成像联合超声造影在鉴别原发性及转移性肝癌中的应用价值，选择2016年12月至2018年12月期间本院消化外科住院部收治的肝癌患者160例作为研究对象，根据病理组织学检查结果将患者分为原发组和转移组，各80例，两组进行超声弹性成像和超声造影检查，分析单项和两者联合检查对原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断效能。结果显示，原发组超声弹性成像评分（3.41±0.85）分，明显高于转移组的（1.52±0.62）分，两组比较差异具有统计学意义，P<0.05。与转移组相比较，原发组造影峰值时间明显延长，造影始增时间明显缩短，造影峰值增强速率明显降低，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两者联合检查对原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度高于超声弹性成像或超声造影单项检查，漏诊率和误诊率低于超声弹性成像或超声造影单项检查，两者联合检查对原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断准确度明显高于超声造影单项检查，P<0.05。说明超声弹性成像联合超声造影有利于明显提高原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断准确度，值得临床推广应用。     

PAMAM Dendrimer‐Based Nanodevices for Nuclear Medicine Applications

Nuclear medicine, involving nuclear medicine imaging and radiotherapy (RT), has become a mainstay of theranostics in the field of nanomedicine and several examples have been successfully translated into clinical practice. The combination of radionuclides with dendrimers has long been investigated in nuclear imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), providing functional information for whole body quantitative analysis with high sensitivity due to the unique structural advantages of the dendrimer platform. Besides, radioisotopes with both therapeutic and imaging functionalities can also be combined with dendrimer platforms for theranostic applications. In this review, the recent advances in the development of radionuclide‐labeled poly(amidoamine) dendrimer‐based nanodevices for targeted PET, SPECT, SPECT/computed tomography, SPECT/magnetic resonance imaging of tumors, RT, as well as for SPECT‐imaging‐guided RT of cancer are summarized. Current restrictions hindering the clinical translation of dendrimer‐based nuclear nanodevices and future prospects are also discussed.     

声速匹配技术对甲状腺癌的诊断价值

本研究的目的是分析声速匹配技术对甲状腺癌的诊断价值。选取了159例甲状腺病变患者设为甲状腺病变组,健康志愿者40例设为甲状腺正常组,行声速匹配技术检查,分析特征并对比ZSI值,评估了声速匹配技术对甲状腺癌的诊断价值。结果显示,甲状腺癌组ZSI值较高(P<0.05)。ZSI值预测甲状腺癌的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.867(0.729~1.004),灵敏度为86.67%,特异度为60.00%,似然比为2.167,ZSI值临界值为50.42 m/s。预后不良组甲状腺癌患者ZSI值高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。由本文结果可知声速匹配技术对不同类型甲状腺癌的诊断准确性均较高,可准确测出患者甲状腺声速值,稳定性良好,可用于临床甲状腺癌的诊断和预后预测。     

ECT脑血流灌注显像、CT和MRI在难治性癫痫中的诊断价值分析

选择2013年10月~2018年12月于我院收治的53例经临床确诊的难治性癫痫患者临床资料，所有患者均于发作间期分别行常规CT、MRI、SPECT检查，观察3种方法对致痫病灶检出和定位准确率，探讨单光子发射计算机断层成像术（SPECT）、CT和MRI在难治性癫痫中的诊断价值。结果显示，SPECT检测患侧rCBF低于健侧[（46.05±7.62）vs（54.51±9.39），P<0.05]，MRI检测患侧NAA（cho+Cr）低于健侧[（0.47±0.05）vs（0.69±0.11），P<0.05]。SPECT对致痫灶检出率、定位准确率分别为81.13%、73.58%，均高于MRI和常规CT（P<0.05）。联合SPECT、CT、MRI对致痫灶检出率、定位准确率达94.34%、92.45%，高于单独诊断（P<0.05），联合rCBF+NAA（cho+Cr）预测致痫病灶位置的AUC达0.923，灵敏度和特异度达82.26%、98.91%，高于rCBF、NAA（cho+Cr）（P<0.05）。结论：PET-CT、MRI对难治性癫痫术前定位均有较高临床应用价值，PET-CT在致痫灶检率、定位定侧方面更有优势，联合诊断更有助于提高定位准确率。     

Fundamental study for SPECT imaging with 123I produced by (p, 5n) reaction

The effects of higher-energy photon from 123I (p, 5n) on the SPECT image quality were evaluated. The quality was evaluated by image contrast and %rms. Image contrast had similar tendency to planar and SPECT FWHM value. %rms was affected by septal penetration. Using 140 keV high resolution collimator (140 keV HR), image contrast was superior to that for 300 keV medium energy collimator (300 keV ME), but septal penetration rate (SPR) was 18% and %rms was 10.5. When quantitation is required, the collimator with less SPR than 18% is recommended for SPECT imaging. Using 300 keV ME, SPR was 0.05%, but spatial resolution and image contrast were inferior to that for 140 keV HR.     

CT、MRI对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值

本文探讨了计算机断层扫描（CT）、磁共振成像（MRI）对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值。方法：选取2015年3月至2018年3月本院收治的甲状腺结节患者150例，依据病理结果分为恶性48例、良性102例，所有患者均给予CT、MRI检查，分析CT、MRI对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值。结果发现，MRI总病灶、形态不规则、边界不清/毛糙、信号/密度不均检出率明显高于CT，MRI钙化灶检出率明显低于CT，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），CT、MRI淋巴结转移检出率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；在鉴别良恶性甲状腺结节的敏感度、特异度、准确度中，CT为79.17%、74.51%、76.00%，MRI为83.33%、80.39%、81.33%，CT联合MRI为95.83%、96.08%、96.00%，CT联合MRI明显高于CT、MRI，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。说明CT、MRI可作为鉴别良恶性甲状腺结节的重要方法，CT对钙化灶有较高的分辨能力，MRI对软组织及小病灶有较高的分辨能力，CT联合MRI可有效提高其鉴别价值。