Synthesis of dipyrrolo[2,3-a:1′,2′,3′-fg]acridin-12(1H)-ones

Acylation reactions of 4,6-dimethoxyindoles with glyoxyloyl chlorides were achieved by the use of graphite powder in 1,2-dichloroethane at reflux. The products were monoketones as a result of decarbonylation, rather than the expected 1,2-diketones. Treatment of these monoketones with base led to their cyclisation and elimination of methanol to afford the novel dipyrrolo[2.3-a:1′,2′,3′-fg]acridin-12(1H)-ones.     

溶剂热法合成In2S3/CuSe核壳结构粉体

本文以氯化铜、氯化铟、硫脲、亚硒酸以及硒粉为原料,乙二醇及乙二胺为溶剂,采用常压溶剂热法制备了硫化铟为核硒化铜为壳(In2S3/CuSe)的核壳结构复合粉体。主要探讨了反应温度、不同反应原料以及不同表面活性剂对产物物相以及形貌的影响。通过采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对产物的物相、形貌以及组成进行了表征。实验结果表明:常压溶剂热条件下可以制备得In2S3/CuSe复合粉体,其最佳反应工艺参数是:于160℃下合成In2S3粉体为核,于100℃下合成包裹在In2S3表面的CuSe粉体从而获得In2S3/CuSe核壳结构复合粉。在该工艺参数下合成产物的形貌主要由圆球状颗粒组成,粉体的粒径分布在1~2μm。此外,本文也通过添加不同种类表面活性剂对产物的形貌进行了控制。     

In2S3量子点玻璃的制备及其三阶非线性光学性质

本文利用溶胶-凝胶法结合气氛控制合成了含In2S3量子点玻璃。利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD),X射线光电子能谱(XPS),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线能量色散谱(EDX),高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)以及选区电子衍射(SAED)对In2S3量子点在玻璃中的微结构进行了表征,同时,利用飞秒Z-scan技术详细地研究了该玻璃在800 nm处的三阶非线性光学性质。结果表明,尺寸分布在12～20 nm之间的In2S3四方晶系纳米晶已经在玻璃中形成,并且,该玻璃展示出了优异的三阶非线性光学性能,其三阶非线性光学折射率γ、吸收系数β和和极化率χ(3)分别为-2.04×10-18m2·W-1,8.26×10-12m·W-1,和1.61×10-20m2·V-2。     

梯型In2O3/ZnIn2S4杂化体系的构建及其光催化固氮增效

工业化固氮合成氨主要采用Haber-Bosch法.然而,该工艺条件苛刻,需要氮气与氢气在高温高压和使用催化剂的条件下反应,耗费大量能源,同时产生温室气体.与Haber-Bosch法不同,光催化固氮不需要使用氢气,而是利用清洁的太阳能和水直接提供固氮反应所需的还原电子和质子,反应耗能低且绿色无污染,是一种理想的固氮方法.然而,目前光催化固氮合成氨受限于光催化剂载流子分离效率低、氮气吸附和活化难,总体固氮效率仍然很低.大量研究证明,构建梯型异质结是一种改善光催化活性的有效手段,这是因为梯型异质结体系不仅有效分离光生载流子,而且保留了光生空穴和电子的强氧化还原能力.另外,表面缺陷不仅可以充当吸附位点,有效调控表面N2分子的吸附特性,还可以起到活化N2分子的作用.本文设计了富含空位的In₂O₃/ZnIn₂S₄梯型异质结,系统考察了复合体系中组分配比对晶型结构、微结构和光学吸收等的影响,并通过XPS谱研究了In₂O₃和ZnIn₂S₄之间存在强的相互作用,这为光生载流子的高效分离奠定了基础.同时,结合XPS、Raman和EPR测试揭示了材料中表面空位的成功构筑.在此基础上,深入研究了In₂O₃/ZnIn₂S₄梯型异质结在室温常压下光催化固氮合成氨的活性.研究结果表明,所有的梯型异质结均展现出明显的光催化固氮活性,其中50 wt%In₂O₃/ZnIn₂S₄梯型体系具有最高的光催化固氮活性,自然光照射2 h产生的氨气浓度达到18.1±0.77 mg·L-1,分别是In₂O₃和ZnIn₂S₄的21.0和2.72倍.并且该复合体系具有较高的光催化稳定性,在连续循环使用6次时,产生氨气浓度仍然可达到16.3±0.86 mg·L^-1.荧光光谱测试、光电化学测试和表面光电压测试证明了电荷的有效分离和转移.综上,构建In₂O₃/ZnIn₂S₄梯型体系后,所制备的In₂O₃/ZnIn₂S₄活性得到增强,这主要归因于空位对氮气的吸附和活化作用以及梯型异质结中载流子的高效分离机制.另外,研究表明·CO₂-物种是光催化固氮合成氨的主要活性物种.     

Facile synthesis of σ-π conjugated organosilicon polymers via Click polymerization

Poly[silylene-(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1,4-phenylene]s have been prepared via Cu(I)-catalyzed Azides and Alkynes Cycloaddition (CuAAC) polymerization from diethynylsilanes and 1,4-diazidobenzene. The organosilicon units contribute to electronic transitions between the π-conjugated units, as well as improving the solubility and processability of the polymers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) have been utilized to confirm the structure of these polymers. The UV-visible spectra of polymers show almost identical absorption at around 270 nm. The fluorescence emission in CHCl₃ solutions were observed as similar broad band in visible blue region (ca. 430 nm). The quantum yields (Φ) were ranged from 0.19 to 0.37. The optical properties support the σ-π conjugation of the silylene and aromatic heterocycle groups, and the substituents on silicon atoms have negligible effect on the photoproperties.     

Phase transition induced by lithium insertion in αI- and αII-VOPO4

Lithium insertion in α_I-VOPO₄ and α_II-VOPO₄, either by chemical or electrochemical route, leads to the same new compound: α_I-LiVOPO₄ (space group P4/nmm). The structure, resolved by neutron and synchrotron diffraction, is made up of planes of corner-connected PO₄ and VO₅ polyhedra, whereas lithium atoms are located between the layers. The reversal of the short vanadyl bond that corresponds to the insertion-induced α_II-α_I transition finds an explanation in terms of lattice energy. It favors the migration of lithium ions in the (0 0 1) interlayer planes, a key parameter for the electrochemical performance as electrode material in Li-ion batteries.     

Zero- and one-dimensional thioindates synthesized under solvothermal conditions yielding α-In2S3, β-In2S3 or MgIn2S4 as thermal decomposition products

The first cationic thioindate with composition [In(en)₂S]₂·2Cl (zero-dimensional) (1) and the first thioindate being charge compensated by a main group metal complex with composition [Mg(en)₃][In₂S₄] (one-dimensional) (2) have been prepared with ethylenediamine under solvothermal conditions. The main structural motif of [In(en)₂S]₂·2Cl is the centro-symmetric rhomboidal [In(en)₂S]₂²⁺ ring which is formed by S-S edge-sharing of two symmetry related [InN₄S₂] octahedra. The structure of [Mg(en)₃][In₂S₄] is composed of a straight one-dimensional {[InS₂]⁻}_∞ chain surrounded by [Mg(en)₃]²⁺ complexes. Both compounds are wide band-gap semiconductors. The thermal decomposition reaction of [In(en)₂S]₂·2Cl stopped at 500 °C yielded cubic α-In₂S₃ and reflections of β-In₂S₃ are seen in the X-ray powder pattern of the residue obtained at 900 °C. In the case of [Mg(en)₃][In₂S₄] the thiospinel MgIn₂S₄ was identified as decomposition product. The size of the MgIn₂S₄ crystals are in the nanometer range as evidenced by a pronounced broadening of the reflections in the powder pattern and with transmission electron microscopy.     

溶剂热法制备Bi2S3纳米材料

0引言纳米材料具有特殊的结构和性能,可广泛应用于化学、物理学、电子学、光学、机械和生物医药学等领域[1￣5]。其中一维或准一维纳米结构体系或纳米材料的研究既是研究其它低维材料的基础,又与纳米电子器件及微型传感器密切相关,是近年来国内外研究的前沿[6￣9]。近年来,人们虽然做了许多尝试来制备一维纳米结构材料,但合成这类材料特别是合成半导体一维纳米材料仍然是一个巨大的挑战。随着维数的减小,半导体材料的电子能态发生变化,其光、电、声、磁等方面性能与常规体材料相比有着显著的不同[10￣12]。Bi2S3是一种重要的半导体材料,受…     

Mg掺杂In2O3-x催化剂光热催化CO2加氢

为提高光热催化CO₂加氢In₂O₃催化剂的催化活性,采用均相水热法制备Mg (OH)₂-In (OH)₃前驱体,通过高温煅烧和H₂-还原处理得到了富含氧空位的Mg掺杂In₂O_3-x(Mg-In₂O_3-x)催化剂。在300℃、常压、可见光照射条件下,CO₂加氢转化为CO的CO₂转化率可达31.20%,CO产生速率为14.22 mmol·g_cat^-1·h^-1,CO选择性为100%。相比于单一In₂O_3-x催化剂,Mg-In₂O_3-x催化剂光热催化CO₂转化率及CO产生速率明显提高,这归因于Mg成功掺杂到In₂O₃晶格中,促进In₂O₃表面氧空位的形成,进而对可见光响应效率大幅提高,并有效减缓光生电子-空穴的复合。     

Deposition of NiO onto MoO3/γ-Al2O3 extrudates by slurry impregnation method

NiO-MoO₃/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts were prepared by the reaction of γ-Al₂O₃ extrudates with an aqueous slurry of MoO₃, followed by the reaction of the MoO₃/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst with an aqueous slurry of NiO, Ni(OH)₂, NiCO₃·2Ni(OH)₂·xH₂O, or 2NiCO₃·3Ni(OH)₂·4H₂O and by subsequent drying. The NiO deposition was examined with electron probe microanalysis. The deposited Ni efficiently increased the activity in benzothiophene hydrodesulfurization.     

水热法制备Sb2S3纳米棒有序阵列

以Sb(S₂CNEt₂)₃为单源前驱体，通过改变时间、温度、表面活性剂等反应条件，用水热法成功合成了各种尺寸的Sb₂S₃纳米棒及其有序阵列。X-射线衍射(XRD)、能量分散光谱(EDS)以及选区电子衍射(SAED)研究表明纳米棒由正交晶系Sb₂S₃单晶构成。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究显示Sb₂S     

Mg掺杂In2O3-x催化剂光热催化CO2加氢

为提高光热催化CO₂加氢催化剂In₂O₃的催化活性,采用均相水热法制备Mg(OH)₂-In(OH)₃前驱体,通过高温煅烧和H₂-还原处理得到了富含氧空位的Mg掺杂In₂O_3-x(Mg-In₂O_3-x)催化剂。在300℃、常压、可见光照射条件下,CO₂加氢转化为CO的CO₂转化率可达31.20%,CO产生速率为14.22 mmol·gcat^-1·h^-1,CO选择性为100%。相比于单一In₂O_3-x催化剂,Mg-In₂O_3-x催化剂光热催化CO₂转化率及CO产生速率明显提高,这归因于Mg成功掺杂到In₂O₃形晶格中,促进In₂O₃表面氧空位的形成,进而对可见光响应效率大幅提高,并有效减缓光生电子-空穴的复合。     

Synthesis and crystal structure of [W3S4(Acac)3(PPh3)3]PF6 · 0.5CHCl3 and [W3S4(Hfac)3(PPh3)2Br] · 2CHCl3

New cluster complexes [W₃S₄(Acac)₃(PPh₃)₃]PF₆ · 0.5CHCl₃ (Acac = CH₃C(O)CHC(O)CH₃) (I) and [W₃S₄(Hfac)₃(PPh₃)₂Br] · 2CHCl₃ (Hfac = CF₃C(O)CHC(O)CF₃) (II) were synthesized. Their molecular and crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The cis-cis type of coordination of acetylacetonate and hexafluoroacetylacetonate ligands in I and II, respectively, was established, and the PPh₃ ligands were found in the trans-positions with respect to the “capping” sulfide ligand (μ³-S).     

Diverse coordination of two ligands in ferromagnetic [Cu(μ-HCO2)2(3-pyOH)]n and [Cu2(μ-HCO2)2(μ-3-pyOH)2(3-pyOH)2(HCO2)2]n

Two novel polynuclear complexes with methanoate anions and 3-hydroxypyridine ligands [Cu(μ-HCO₂)₂(3-pyOH)]_n (1) and [Cu₂(μ-HCO₂)₂(μ-3-pyOH)₂(3-pyOH)₂(HCO₂)₂]_n (2), respectively, were synthesized and characterized. The central copper atom in 1 is surrounded by four methanoates and a 3-pyOH molecule, forming a square-pyramidal CuO₃NO chromophore. All the methanoates are bidentate and serve as bridges between the adjacent copper ions via syn-anti and anti–anti coordination. The basal square coordination axes are formed by O(syn), N(3-pyOH) (1.974(2), 2.016(2) Å) and O(anti), O(anti) (1.945(2), 1.960(2) Å), while the third O(anti) (2.247(2) Å) is on the top of the pyramid. A ferromagnetic transition with an exchange constant 2J/k_B = 9.2 cm⁻¹ is found for 1 below 20 K. This interaction probably takes place through two syn-anti methanoates extended in a chain through the 2D structure. On the other hand, two monoatomic Cu–O–Cu intra-dinuclear asymmetric (1.986(2), 2.415(2) Å) bridges of two methanoates in [Cu₂(HCO₂)₄(3-pyOH)₄] (2) are present. An elongated distorted octahedral coordination sphere around each copper(II) atom is completed by an additional monodentate terminal methanoate (1.975(2) Å), two N-coordinated 3-pyOH (2.005(2), 2.002(2) Å) and the third weakly O-coordinated 3-pyOH (2.732(2) Å). Although a shorter Cu?Cu distance is noticed in 2 than in 1 (4.690(1) Å 1, 3.442(1) Å 2), much weaker ferromagnetism is found in 2.     

NiO在γ-Al2O3及 TiO2/γ-Al2O3载体上的表面存在状态

本文采用LRS,XRD,UV－DRS考查了γ－Al2O3上TiO2的分散容量,分散态Ti^4 离子的配位环境;NiO在经TiO2改性后的γ－Al2O3载体上的分散容量,结果表明,（1)TiO2在γ－Al2O3表面的分散容量约为0．65mmol/100m^2γ－Al2O3,当TiO2含量低于该分散容量时Ti^4 在γ－Al2O3载体表面以嵌入形式呈离子态分布,而含量离于分散容量时还有结晶态的TiO2出现,（2）NiO在TiO2/γ－Al2O3载体表面的分散容量约为1．1mmol/100m^2γ－Al2O3,比之在γ－A2O3载体表面的分散容量（1．5mmol/100m^2γ－Al2O3）要低,这是由于γ-AlO3表面上部分空位被Ti^4 离子占据,用表面相互作用的“嵌入模型”（Incorporation Model)讨论的这些结果。     

介孔调控Co9S8/Ni3S2复合电极材料及电催化析氢性能

利用快速凝固结合化学脱铝模板法制备前驱体纳米多孔Ni-Co合金,再经气相沉积硫和热氢还原制备纳米多孔Co₉S₈/Ni₃S₂复合电极材料。研究表明,通过气相沉积,硫原子与Ni-Co合金原位生成CoS₂/NiS₂复合相,再经过热氢还原后,形成硫原子比例较低的Co₉S₈/Ni₃S₂复合相。该热氢还原过程不仅提高了Co₉S₈/Ni₃S₂各元素周围的电子密度,而且在其表面调制出有介孔结构的异质界面,进而提高其电子传输能力并增大活性比表面积。相比于其他同条件下制备的Ni、Co硫化物,Co₉S₈/Ni₃S₂拥有更佳的析氢反应（HER）活性,在50 mA·cm^-2的电流密度下,Co₉S₈/Ni₃S₂的HER过电位为234 mV,Tafel斜率为106 mV·dec^-1,经稳定性测试后,电压变化仅为14 mV。     

AgBiS2/Bi2S3分子印迹光电化学传感器用于测定残杀威

构建了一种基于AgBiS₂/Bi₂S₃的分子印迹光电化学传感器,用于杀虫剂残杀威的检测。采用溶剂热法,在钛片基底上合成AgBiS₂/Bi₂S₃复合材料。以残杀威为模板分子,邻苯二胺为功能单体,通过电聚合在修饰AgBiS₂/Bi₂S₃复合材料的钛片上电沉积形成分子印迹聚合物膜,可对残杀威产生特异性识别。残杀威与印迹孔穴特异性结合后,阻碍电子供体穿过孔穴到达电极表面,导致光电流降低,据此进行残杀威的检测。残杀威浓度的对数值与光电流在1.0×10^-12～5.0×10^-10 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为2.3×10^-13 mol/L。将此传感器用于水果等实际样品中残杀威残留的检测,加标回收率介于101.0%～103.1%之间。     

α- to β-[C6H4(NH3)2]2Bi2I10 reversible solid-state transition, thermochromic and optical studies in the p-phenylenediamine-based iodobismuthate(III) material

α-[C₆H₄(NH₃)₂]₂Bi₂I₁₀, which is a new material containing low-dimensional iodobismuthate anions, was synthesized and through its single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements, was proven to crystallize at room temperature in the centrosymmetric space group P2₁/c. It consists of a p-phenylenediammonium dication and a discrete (0-D) anion built up of edge-sharing bioctahedron. Due to the hydrogen bonds and the interatomic distances (Bi-I, I?I and π-π) changes, α-phase was transformed into the corresponding centrosymmetric β-phase, β-[C₆H₄(NH₃)₂]₂Bi₂I₁₀, through a single-crystal to single-crystal transformation occurring upon cooling to −28/−26 °C. Below the transition temperature, β-[C₆H₄(NH₃)₂]₂Bi₂I₁₀ crystallizes in the monoclinic system, centrosymmetric space group P2₁/n. Besides, the optical transmission measurements on α-[C₆H₄(NH₃)₂]₂Bi₂I₁₀ thin films have revealed two absorption bands at 2.47 and 3.01 eV. Finally, two room temperature photoluminescence emissions attributed to excitons radiative recombinations confined within the bioctahedra Bi₂I₁₀⁴⁻, were observed in the red spectral range at 1.9 and 2.05 eV energy.     

Synthesis of a phosphotyrosyl analogue having χ1, χ2 and φ angles constrained to values observed for an SH2 domain-bound phosphotyrosyl residue

Src homology 2 (SH2) domains provide connectivity in protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK)-dependent signaling through their high affinity association with phosphotyrosyl (pTyr)-containing peptide sequences. Because recognition of pTyr residues is central to SH2 domain-binding affinity, design of pTyr-mimicking residues has been one component of SH2 domain signaling antagonist development. Reported herein is the synthesis of (±)-(rel-1R,2R,5S)-3-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-8-O-phosphoryl-1,5-methano-3-benzazocine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (3c) as a monomeric pTyr-mimicking analogue that constrains three torsion angles (χ₁=168°; χ₂=−85°; φ₁=−113°) to values approximating those observed for a pTyr residue bound to the Grb2 SH2 domain (χ₁=182°; χ₂=−89°; φ₁=−132°). Compound 3c differs from our previously reported analogue, (±)-(rel-1R,2R,5S)-3-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-1-methyl-1,5-methano-3-benzazocin-8-ol, in lacking a methyl substituent at the bridgehead 1-position. Molecular modeling studies had indicated that this methyl group could potentially hinder SH2 domain binding. Synthesis of the desmethyl derivative was achieved by formation of the methanobenzazocine ring system using an intramolecular electrophilic cyclization that proceeds through an activated acyliminium intermediate. Importantly, the correct relative (2R) stereochemistry at the ‘α-carboxyl’-bearing carbon is obtained through base-catalyzed equilibration of a (2S/2R) diastereomeric mixture that results from intramolecular ring closure. Comparison of Grb2 SH2 domain-binding affinity of 3c (IC₅₀=1167 μM) with conformationally flexible phosphorylated (±)-N-acetyl-tyrosine methyl ester (15; IC₅₀=1469 μM) revealed no apparent enhancement in affinity. This apparent ineffectiveness of ‘local conformational constraint’ on SH2 domain-binding affinity of the monomeric pTyr mimetic is consistent with previous reports obtained by conformationally constraining pTyr-mimicking residues that were contained within peptide platforms. Although not providing high binding affinity in its current form, the novel 1,5-methano-3-benzazocine ring system may afford a novel platform for further elaboration and development of small molecule SH2 domain signaling antagonists.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of [Mo3S4(Dppen)3Cl3]PF6 · 1.5CH2Cl2 and [W3S4(Dppe)3Br3]2ZnBr4 · 5.5CH3CN

New cluster complexes [Mo₃S₄(Dppen)₃Cl₃]PF₆ · 1.5CH₂Cl₂ (Dppen = cis-Ph₂PCH=CHPPh₂) (I) and [W₃S₄(Dppe)₃Br₃]₂(ZnBr₄)₂ · 5.5CH₃CN (Dppe = Ph₂PCH₂CH₂PPh₂) (II) were synthesized. Their molecular and crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. Diphoshine ligands in the complexes I and II are coordinated in the bidentate mode, providing an arrangement of three chelate rings, giving rise to chirality.