气固两相流中颗粒弥散的拉格朗日模拟

本文提出了一种对于均匀,稳定及各向同性气固两相紊流场中圆形固体颗粒弥散的拉格朗日模拟计算方法,应用该方法对带有网栅的垂直与水平管道中均匀,稳定的气固两相流模拟计算结果与Snyder及Wells等人所做的相同情况下的试验结果进行了比较,以证明该模拟计算方法的有效性,。     

考虑颗粒间碰撞的气固两相流拉格朗日模拟

在均匀,稳定的各向同性气固两相紊流场颗粒弥散的拉格朗日模拟计算方法基础上,进一步考虑了流场中颗粒之间的碰撞对于模拟计算结果的影响。与Lavieville用大涡模拟所做的计算结果进行了对比,以对本方法进行验证,并考察了颗粒间的碰撞分别对流体相和颗粒相的影响。     

方形管道内气固两相流固体粒子速度的测量

本文采用二维激光多普勒测速仪,对水平放置的方形管道中的固体粒子的两维速度进行测量.给出了两维速度、紊流度的分布曲线,并进行了相应的讨论.     

气固两相流中颗粒碰撞的Monte-Carlo数值模拟

利用颗粒碰撞动力学模型和颗粒几何碰撞率模型,采用Monte—Carlo算法来模拟颗粒之间碰撞,把该算法与求解雷诺应力-概率密度函数模型的有限差分-Monte Carlo算法耦合起来,对轴对称突扩通道内的两相旋流场进行了数值模拟,模拟结果表明,由于颗粒碰撞使颗粒的动能和湍动能在三个坐标方向上进行了再分配,从而导致颗粒的动能和湍动能在三个坐标方向上趋于各向同性;另外,由于颗粒碰撞破坏了颗粒-颗粒、颗粒-流体微团之间的速度关联,从而造成颗粒湍动能及两相速度脉动关联的降低。     

稠密气固两相流欧拉-拉格朗日法的研究现状

采用欧拉-拉格朗日坐标相结合的方法研究稠密气固两相流动对气固两相流的发展具有重大意义,本文详细介绍了目前国内外采用此方法研究稠密气固两相流的研究现状,重点介绍了DSMC算法、环境粒子法、DEM软球法及这些方法的应用,分析了存在的问题,并提出了目前可行的发展方向。     

叶轮机械气固两相流研究

回顾了国内外叶轮机械气固两相流的研究历史和现状,从学科发展及应用背景出发,提出主要的研究内容,并对各方面问题的深入研究提出自己的见解.     

气固两相流风机的三元计算与二元计算的比较

在单相耦合模型的基础上，采用合适的粒子反弹模型和磨损模型，分析、推导、编制了三元粒子运动、碰撞的程序，并与二元粒子程序进行了比较，验证了该三元程序的优越性，为气固两相流离心风机叶轮的研制提供了一个行之有效的理论工具。     

溢流坝及水跃强紊流区流速场数值模拟

采用修正Ｋ－ε模型封闭Ｒｅｙｎｏｌｄｓ方程作为紊流控制方程，引入通度概念处理曲面不规则边界、用ＶＯＦ法追踪自由表面，对溢流坝及水跃强紊流区流速场进行数值模拟；并用毕托管测水跃流速，将数值模拟结果与实测结果进行了比较。     

用激波管研究超音速气固两相流

在激波管里进行了可压缩性气固两相流的实验研究。测量了激波通过颗粒群时的压力的衰减过程。用纹影仪拍摄了激波与颗粒群相互干涉的照片。试验了颗粒群的不同构造对压力衰减的影响。指出了激波反射、聚焦等非线性气动因素是可压缩性气固两相流的关键问题。     

飞机环控系统气固两相流动力特性研究

飞机环控系统目前面临的主要问题之一是大气中颗粒物的危害,一方面影响环控系统的供气品质;另一方面会堵塞、磨损环控系统中的元器件。本文基于气固两相流动数值模拟方法,对飞机环控系统中颗粒物的动力特性进行了研究。通过与飞机环控系统中几条主管路颗粒沉降率的已有实测数据进行对比,验证了离散相模型对颗粒沉降模拟的有效性。在此基础上,对颗粒沉降特性影响因素进行了研究,发现:不同粒径的颗粒物沿管高度方向的速度分布基本一致,但浓度分布却差异显著;颗粒浓度对沉降率基本无影响;不同气流速度下,所获得的固相速度分布型式基本一致,属于极值分布的类型;管长影响出口颗粒浓度分布,管道越长,出口截面上颗粒分布越集中于管底;方管与圆管相比,管线上沉降了更多的颗粒。     

Modeling of Axisymmetric Two-phase Dilute Flows

This paper deals with the numerical treatment of Eulerian approach for dilute two-phase compressible flows (gas-particles mixtures) in axisymmetric configurations. For dilute flows, two classes of models depending on the dispersed phase volumetric fraction can be found. The volume occupied by the particles may be considered, that yields a model in which the gas phase and the dispersed phase equations are coupled through the void fraction and the source terms (Delhaye model). The void fraction effects can be neglected, that means the gas phase is a carrier phase for the particles (Ishii model). The mathematical nature of the two models is demonstrated from analysis of characteristic directions. For the Delhaye's model, a centered scheme is used to solve the system of partial differential equations, while an upwind TVD scheme is used for the Ishii's one. Then, it is shown that the problem of symmetry boundary conditions does not depend on the physical approach, as long as the flow remains dilute. However, a classical treatment for symmetry boundary conditions at the geometrical axis leads to large errors. A particular treatment for this boundary is presented: a new class of particles, described by a supplementary system of equations, is required.     

Numerical Analysis of Secondary Flows Around An Oscillating Cylinder

This paper considers methods for controlling secondary flows near an oscillating circular cylinder by changing two process control parameters: the dimensionless amplitude and the vibrational Reynolds number. A direct numerical modeling study is performed. It is shown that by varying the indicated parameters in a relatively small range, it is possible not only to intensify mass transfer processes, but also to change the direction of the main secondary flows.     

填充床中气体渗流与化学波耦合问题的研究

研究等温和显著气固反应条件下填充床内反应气体浓度(物质)波推进与混合气体渗流的相互作用,指出化学反应对流动的影响包括两个方面,反应过程中混合气体质量的变化和密度的变化。混合气体流动将反过来影响反应进程。分析表明,按耦合模型和非耦合模型得到的速度场完全不同;按耦合模型,反应气体的浓度(物质)波阵面的推进对混合气体的流场有显著影响,因此按耦合模型计算的混合气体流场强烈地依赖于时间;忽略化学反应引起的混合气体密度变化的耦合模型,将导致一个质量消失的汇(或质量生成的源),因此将引起混合气体渗流速度的明显变化,并可能导致物理上不合理的结果;按耦合模型和非耦合模型计算的浓度场也有很大差别;当反应气体与惰性气体摩尔质量相差较大时,不能忽略反应过程中混合气体密度的变化;研究表明对于显著气固反应不能忽略化学反应与气体渗流的相互作用。     

Numerical Analysis of Coupled Stokes/Darcy Flows in Industrial Filtrations

Free flow channel confined by porous walls is a feature of many of the natural and industrial settings. Viscous flows adjacent to saturated porous medium occur in cross-flow and dead-end filtrations employed primarily in pharmaceutical and chemical industries for solid–liquid or gas–solid separations. Various mathematical models have been put forward to describe the conjugate flow dynamics based on theoretical grounds and experimental evidence. Despite this fact, there still exists a wide scope for extensive research in numerical solutions of these coupled models when applied to problems with industrial relevance. The present work aims towards the numerical analysis of coupled free/porous flow dynamics in the context of industrial filtration systems. The free flow dynamics has been expressed by the Stokes equations for the creeping, laminar flow regime whereas the flow behaviour in very low permeability porous media has been represented by the conventional Darcy equation. The combined free/porous fluid dynamical behaviour has been simulated using a mixed finite element formulation based on the standard Galerkin technique. A nodal replacement technique has been developed for the direct linking of Stokes and Darcy flow regimes which alleviates specification of any additional constraint at the free/porous interface. The simulated flow and pressure fields have been found for flow domains with different geometries which represent prototypes of actual industrial filtration equipment. Results have been obtained for varying values of permeability of the porous medium for generalised Newtonian fluids obeying the power law model. A series of numerical experiments has been performed in order to validate the coupled flow model. The developed model has been examined for its flexibility in dealing with complex geometrical domains and found to be generic in delivering convergent, stable and theoretically consistent results. The validity and accuracy of the simulated results has been affirmed by comparing with available experimental data.     

Numerical Investigation of Multi-Jet Channel Flows

The results of a numerical simulation of the three-dimensional outflow of a system of circular supersonic turbulent jets into a cocurrent supersonic (or subsonic) air flow in a partially bounded region are given. Solutions are obtained by the splitting method using a matrix sweep of the parabolized Navier-Stokes equations. Assuming that the flow is nonseparated in the boundary layer, features of the three-dimensional structure of the jet system are investigated as functions of the pressure ratio number and the jet and cocurrent flow Mach numbers.     

油水两相渗流压力脉动的实验及数值分析

本文用高精度的压差传感器和高速度的数据采集设备同时测量出油水两相流体在多孔介质流动时产生的较大压力降和微小压力脉动,应用自行研制的大型数据处理软件对恒流速水驱油的两相渗流压力脉动实验数据进行了分析,发现不同阶段压力脉动具有明显的频谱特性和时间相关特性的不同,在第三阶段（油为主,水增加阶段）谱能增加最大,时间正相关程度最强。     

血液入口段两相流动的层流NS方程数值模拟

本文采用球形刚性颗粒悬浮于牛顿流体的血液模型，基于有相间滑移的两相流动层流Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程，采用相间滑移算法（Ｉｎｔｅｒ－ＰｈａｓｅＳｌｉｐＡｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍ）对圆管内定常轴对称血液入口两相流动问题进行了计算，获得了与实验结果吻合的计算结果，较好地模拟血液流动中红细胞的径向迁移现象，结果表明，采用二相流动模型研究血液流动是一种有前途的方法。     

Liquid Crystal Flows in Two Dimensions

This paper is concerned with a simplified hydrodynamic equation, proposed by Ericksen and Leslie, modeling the flow of nematic liquid crystals. In dimension two, we establish both interior and boundary regularity theorems for such a flow under smallness conditions. As a consequence, we establish the existence of global (in time) weak solutions on a bounded smooth domain in \mathbbR²{\mathbb{R}^2} which are smooth everywhere with possible exceptions of finitely many singular times.     

Numerical Simulations of High-Speed Turbulent Cavity Flows

Detached-Eddy Simulations (DES) of flows over clean and controlled cavities with and without doors are presented in this paper. Mach and Reynolds numbers (based on cavity length) were 0.85 and one million respectively. Spectral analyses showed that the DES computations were able to correctly predict the frequencies of the Rossiter modes for both uncontrolled and controlled cases. Flow visualisations revealed that the impact of the shear layer formed along the cavity on a slanted aft wall no longer creates a large source of acoustic noise. Therefore little acoustic propagation was seen up the cavity. This was confirmed by the analysis of the cavity wall forces, which showed that the oscillations of the shear layer were reduced when the wall was slanted. This aided in reducing the overall Sound Pressure Levels throughout the cavity and far-field. Comparisons of the flow-fields suggested that the addition of the doors also aided in stabilising the shear layer, which was also shown in the analysis of the wall forces. As a result, the addition of the doors was found to affect the clean cavity configuration significantly more than the controlled one.     

弯道水流数值模拟研究

采用边界拟合坐标技术,生成边界处正交的曲线网格,在曲线坐标系中进行弯道水流数值计算。借鉴现有关于弯道水流流速分布的研究成果,对曲线坐标系平面二维浅水方程作了修正,修正后的方程组能够计入弯道环流引起的横向的动量交换,即考虑了二次流对流线弯曲的复杂水力特性的影响。通过连续弯道实例计算,验证了该模型的可靠性和实用性。