Effects of Target Deformation on the Synthesis of Superheavy Nucleus 283^112

We investigate the effects of target deformation on the synthesis of superheavy nucleus 283^112 in the framework of the extra-push model. Our results show that the cross sections of the 3n evaporation residue in the 48^Ca 238^U reaction for the case of β2=0.275 are several times larger than those of β2=0. Meanwhile, the peak position of ER excitation function in the case of the deformed target is shifted to lower energy as compared to that of the spherical target.     

Properties of the Alpha Decay Chain Nuclei of ^310 126, ^292 120 and ^298 114

The properties of the a decay nuclei of^310 126, ^292 120 and ^298 114 are investigated in the deformed relativistic meanfield model. The nuclear properties are investigated with the TMA and NL-Z2 parameter sets, and compared with Moller‘s result [At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 59 (1995) 185]. The results show that the a decay energy increases systematically with the increasing proton number. Meanwhile, the a decay energy has a minimum value at the point of shell closure. It is also found that among the three nuclei, ^292 120 is more possible to be the next doubly magic nucleus.     

Total Nuclear Reaction Cross Section Induced by Halo Nuclei and Stable Nuclei

We develop a method for calculation of the total reaction cross sections induced by the halo nuclei and stable nuclei. This approach is based on the Glauber theory, which is valid for nuclear reactions at high energies. It is extended for nuclear reactions at low energies and intermediate energies by including both the quantum correction and Coulomb correction under the assumption of the effective nuclear density distribution. The calculated results of the total reaction cross section induced by stable nuclei agree well with 30 experimental data within 10 percent accuracy.The comparison between the numerical results and 20 experimental data for the total nuclear reaction cross section induced by the neutron halo nuclei and the proton halo nuclei indicates a satisfactory agreement after considering the halo structure of these nuclei, which implies quite digerent mean fields for the nuclear reactions induced by halo nuclei and stable nuclei. The halo nucleon distributions and the root-mean-square radii of these nuclei can be extracted from the above comparison based on the improved Glauber model, which indicates clearly the halo structures of these nuclei. Especially,it is clear to see that the medium correction of the nucleon-nucleon collision has little effect on the total reaction cross sections, induced by the halo nuclei due to the very weak binding and the very extended density distribution.     

Effect of Conversion Process （≡^－P→AA） in ≡－－Hypernuclei

Effect of conversion process (≡^-P→AA) on ≡--hypernucleus is studied for ≡^12-Be. It is found that the conversion process has a certain extent effect on properties of low-lying states of the ≡^--hypernuclei.     

原子核结构研究的一些进展

简述在最近几年中原子核结构研究中的一些新的进展.原子核的超对称性在1980年提出,1999年在奇奇核中得到检验.在原子核结构的代数模型中,玻色子模型中的弱集体性困难最近得到解决,在八极振动中,代数模型给出了大量的电磁跃迁的解析表达式,对于实验研究十分方便,¹⁵⁸Gd是目前最好的八极振动核.在原子核的壳模型中蒙特卡罗壳模型,投影壳模型有较大进展.最后对今后原子核结构的发展作出展望.     

Systematic Properties of the 1／2[660]^i13／2 Bands in Odd-A Au Nuclei

A standard in-beam γ-spectroscopy experiment for^179 Au has been performed via the ^149Sm (^35Cl, 5n) reaction at beam energies of 164-180 MeV. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, a rotational band built on 1/2[660](π^i13/2)proton intruder orbital is established for^179 Au for the first time. Systematic properties of the 1/2[660](π^i13/2) band in odd-A Au nuclei are discussed,and the evolution of bandhead energy and deformation with changing neutron number are revealed.     

Description of 114 Cd in the E（5） Symmetry

By analysing the known low-lying levels and the E2 transition rates, it is shown that the empirical scheme of 114Cd is in good overall agreement with the predictions of the transitional dynamical symmetry E(5) proposed by Iachello [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3580]. This suggests that 114Cd may be better described by an E(5) nucleus than a U(5) nucleus as known before.     

Non—statistical Fluctuation of COmpound Multiplicity in Nucleus—Nucleus Interactions：Evidence of Strong Intermittency

We present a study of the compound multiplicity distribution in terms of scaled factorial moments of orders 2,3,4 and 5 in 24Mg-AgBr interactions at 4.5 AGeV.the study reveals a strong signal of the intermittent pattern of fluctuation in the compound multiplicity distribution.     

激光核结构物理

本文综述激光核结构研究的基本原理、主要方法、重要的研究结果和近年来的发展。     

最大变形的核锶-76

原子核的形状是其看似简单的微观性质 ,然而却是很难测量的 .一般说来质子与中子都处于满壳层的核是球形的 .满壳层外增加几个质子或中子时 ,核将发生形变 .较轻的N =Z的核 ,如He - 4、C - 12、O - 16和Ca -4 0是相当稳定的 ,也是地球上 ,特别是生命物质中 ,最重要的一些核素 .     

原子核衰变的模拟实验

原子核衰变的模拟实验伍祥生（湖南师大物理系）在物理教学中，原子核的放射性衰变内容比较抽象，在讲解时，让学生做一个测量水柱高度的减少和它的半衰期的模拟实验，能使该内容变得直观．学生通过观察、操作和测量，容易掌握原子核的放射性衰变的规律．一、模拟实验的原...     

Nuclear Shadowing Effect on the K Factor in Au—Au Collisions

We investigate the nuclear shadowing effect on the K factor in the Drell-Yan process by introducing a Shadowing factor into the corresponding quantum chromodynamical αs order corrections.K factors for Au-Au collisions are calculated at the centre-of-mass system energies √s=60,130 and 200 GeV while the nuclear shadowing factor is taken into account.The numerical results indicate that the nuclear shadowing factor obviously raises the K value in the small x region,and for the same nucleon the K valus becomes smaller as the energy increases.The nuclear shadowing effect could be one reason for creating the non-constancy of the K factor.     

多任务神经网络对原子核低激发谱的研究

原子核低激发谱对深入理解原子核结构具有重要作用。采用多任务反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)的神经网络方法系统研究了原子核2 ₁⁺和4 ₁⁺的激发能量。除了质子数和中子数外,通过在网络输入层增加一个有关原子核集体性的物理量,BP神经网络在0.1 MeV到数MeV的能量范围内很好地拟合了原子核的低激发能。相比五维集体哈密顿量(Five-Dimensional Collective Hamiltonian,5DCH)方法,BP神经网络更好地再现了原子核低激发能的同位素趋势,以及由壳效应导致的幻数原子核低激发能的突然增大,并且将2 ₁⁺和4₁⁺激发能的预言精度分别提高了约80%和75%,该预言精度与单任务神经网络基本一致,但是改进了对轻核区与缺中子核区低激发谱的学习能力,这说明多任务神经网络可以实现多种激发能量的统一精确计算。     

天体环境下快中子俘获过程相关的核物理*

在人类历史上,曾经吸引无数哲学家、天文学家思考的一个问题是“我们从哪里来”。现代的科学研究揭示了一个答案：恒星。恒星产生了构成生命的主要元素,如碳、氧、氮、硫等,但是比铁更重的元素,如金、铂、铀等,却无法在恒星内部产生。由于原子核物理实验与天文观测技术的限制,这些重元素的起源仍有许多不确定性。文章主要探讨重元素起源的一个重要合成机制——快中子俘获过程,以及相关的原子核物理观测量,如原子核质量、半衰期、中子俘获截面和裂变等,并回顾最新的实验和理论进展。     

量子布朗运动和原子核裂变

本文研究了在谐振子位势中量子布朗运动与体系粘滞性、温度等参量的关系,观察了体系运动由显示量子行为到完全经典行为的过渡.对由位阱和位垒组成的裂变位势和一般位势情况,通过局域谐振子近似和推广在谐振子位势中的传播子来计算布朗粒子跨越位垒的速率,与经典Fokker-Planck方程(F-P方程)的解相比,它包括了量子效应,因而对量子输运理论的发展具有意义.