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1.
在基于哈特曼-夏克波前传感器(SH-WFS)的自适应光学系统中,通常采用质心算法探测点源信标的子孔径光斑偏移量.然而质心算法探测精度受到诸如减阈值等因素的影响,在低信噪比(SNR )时不能准确估计光斑质心位置,而相关哈特曼算法不需要减阈值,具有更好的鲁棒性.本文在介绍相关SH-WFS基本原理的基础上,通过建立基于点源信标探测的相关SH-WFS算法的随机噪声模型,推导了光斑偏移测量误差表达式,系统分析了光子噪声、CCD读出噪声、背景光子噪声等因素对相关SH-WFS测量误差的影响.并进行了数值仿真及实验,仿真
关键词:
相关哈特曼-夏克波前传感器
相关哈特曼算法
质心算法
测量误差 相似文献
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两种自适应光学系统中哈特曼波前传感器与变形镜的对准误差 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
利用直接波前斜率法和变形镜的电压一面形响应特性,研究了常规自适应光学系统和共光路/共模块(CP/CM)自适应光学系统中哈特曼波前传感器与变形镜的对准误差。常规自适应光学系统中,可以用重新测量变形镜的影响函数以减小对准误差的影响,虽并不能消除其影响,但系统都会有很大的调整容差;共光路/共模块自适应光学系统中采用不同的双哈特曼数据处理方法,哈特曼波前传感器与变形镜的对准精度对系统校正能力影响是不同的,采用加修正因子斜率融合法和电压融合法由于在数据融合时考虑了两台哈特曼传感器与变形镜对准的差异,所以对准误差的影响与在常规自适应光学中相同,系统都会有很大的调整容差,而采用直接斜率融合法的共光路/共模块系统由于是建立在两台哈特曼传感器完全一致的假设基础上,所以对对准精度的要求是很高的。分析过程中给出了相应的数值计算结果。 相似文献
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基于哈特曼-夏克波前传感器的模糊图像复原方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
离焦模糊图像的清晰度较低,因此必须对其进行复原。传统方法通常采用圆盘或高斯函数来近似离焦造成的点扩散函数,复原效果不够理想。为此,提出利用哈特曼-夏克波前传感器探测离焦波前,根据所得波前计算光学系统的点扩散函数,并采用Richardson-Lucy算法对模糊图像进行复原。搭建了实验用的光学系统,采集了离焦模糊图像以及相应的波前信息,获得了清晰的复原图像,并利用客观图像评价方法对退化图像和复原图像进行了评价,同时与传统方法得到的复原图像进行了比较。实验结果表明,该方法能精确重建点扩散函数,有效提高图像的质量。 相似文献
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微扫描有多种应用方法,若应用方法选择不当会增加控制难度或引入新的成像问题。介绍了一种基于聚焦透镜的微扫描应用,包括应用原理及组成、应用实例及其装调、应用效果。实践表明,这种微扫描方式不仅提高了焦平面阵列的成像质量,而且没有引入新的成像问题,可以满足红外焦平面阵列成像的需求。 相似文献
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用于活体人眼视网膜观察的自适应光学成像系统 总被引:16,自引:4,他引:16
利用自适应光学技术,研制了两套活体人眼视网膜高分辨力成像系统,在实时校正人眼波前误差的基础上,实现活体人眼视网膜细胞尺度的高分辨力成像。这两套系统分别采用19和37单元小型压电变形反射镜作为波前校正元件,哈特曼-夏克(Hartmann-Shack)波前传感器测量波前误差,用眼底反射的半导体激光作为波前探测的信标。在用计算机控制自适应光学系统实现人眼波前误差校正后,触发闪光灯照明视网膜,用CCD相机记录视网膜的高分辨力图像。校正后的残余波前误差的均方根值已分别小于1/6和1/10波长,相当于视网膜上成像分辨力分别为3.4μm和2.6μm,接近衍射极限。试验表明37单元系统的成像质量更好。 相似文献
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一种测量透镜焦距的方法王成,武晓东(中科院长春光机所,国家光学机械质量检测中心130022)一、理论分析透镜的焦距是透镜的重要参数之一,通常是采用几何光学的方法进行测量,本文采用一种波动光学的方法——Talbot方法进行测量,测量精度较高,且使用方便... 相似文献
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设计了一种可实现收发一体连续扫描的微透镜阵列,该三片式微透镜阵列以加入场镜的开普勒望远结构为原型,通过微透镜阵列之间的微小横向位移进行接收视场的选择与发射光线的同步偏转,完成扫描光学系统对大视场区域的光束收发。设计约束望远镜的视觉放大率为1,即入射和出射端口的微单元通光孔径相等,从而实现收发共用且不会造成能量损失和串扰。利用ZEMAX光学设计软件,采用发射、接收端口单独设计然后拼接的方法搭建模型。微透镜阵列工作中心波长为1 064 nm,凝视视场为±1.06°,扫描视场为±10°,单元规格为1 mm×1 mm,且只需移动一片即可实现双向扫描,具有体积小、扫描角度大、灵敏度高等优点。 相似文献
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一种测薄透镜光学参量的简便方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
此法适用于透镜两球面曲率半径相等的等凸、等凹透镜的测量.一、实验装置与测量方法如图1所示,在光具座上依次放上小灯、毛玻璃、有箭头孔的物屏和待测透镜.图1测量装置简图共轴调节后,使待测透镜贴近物屏,然后逐渐远离物屏,直到在物屏上看到清晰的、与物等高倒立的实像为止,设此时透镜与物屏间距离为S.在本文中,S是个重要的量,由它可以方便地求出透镜的各光学参量.下面给出用S表述的透镜焦距人折射率n。、两球面半径r.因两球面半径相等,故均用r代之;在本文第3节中将证明,当待测透镜为等四透镜,其当符测透镜为等凸透镜,… 相似文献
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针对小口径长焦距透镜传统火漆上盘法容易引起零件中心偏的问题,介绍了一种用平行平板上盘来加工长焦距透镜的方法。在加工透镜第二面的时候,取一平行度非常好的平板,将零件反扣在平行平板上,使零件和平行平板保持线接触,然后将透镜灌胶固定。采用这种方法加工(焦距f′=-6m,口径D=7.75mm)的透镜,其中心偏角平均为1′,而采用传统火漆上盘法加工同样的透镜,其中心偏角平均为5′ 相似文献
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为了获得高分辨率、高对比度和低畸变的掌纹图像,同时实现系统的轻量化和高性价比,本文基于全反射原理,采用树脂材料设计了一款由6片镜构成双远心光路的掌纹采集光学系统。树脂材料的选用减轻了光学系统的总重量;基于光的全反射原理的系统设计增强了掌纹图像的对比度;选择双远心光学结构,便于对倾斜物面所产生的梯形畸变进行矫正。对所设计光学系统的成像质量分析表明,该系统所有视场的光学传递函数(MTF)在Nyquist频率228 lp/mm处均达0.55以上,畸变〈0.14%。设计的光学系统可以采集120 mm×160 mm的手掌区域,实际手掌面上的分辨率达到500dpi,采集的掌纹图像分辨率达到8.0×106 pixel,满足了实际采集的要求。 相似文献
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Yan Chen Wei-qi Jin Ling-xue Wang Bin Liu Chong-liang Liu 《Optics Communications》2010,283(20):3931-3936
For the uncontrolled micro-scanning where the displacement of image sequence is random, a sub-pixel processing algorithm based on boundary recursive and subsequent error optimization is proposed in this paper. Neighboring pixels are used to approximate the boundary pixels of the original image in the algorithm. Then the approximate error is optimized by the gray statistical principle. At last a sub-pixel image with high resolution is reconstructed. The results show that our algorithm is better than the general over-sample reconstruction algorithms and robust in different displacement situations. 相似文献
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In this paper we proposes a new concept of annular-focus zone lens and its design procedure based on binary optics. An investigation of the diffraction efficiencies and the transverse intensity distributions on the focal plane of the designed annular-focus zone lenses is presented. This special kind of zone lens may be used to increase the intensities of Durnin's diffraction-free beams. 相似文献
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The beamforming process requires a high delay resolution to avoid the deteriorating effects of the delay quantization lobes on the image dynamic range and signal to noise ratio. Wideband transducers require delay resolutions in the order of 1/16 the signal period. If oversampling is used to achieve this timing resolution, a huge data volume has to be acquired and processed in real time. This is usually avoided by sampling just above the Nyquist rate and interpolating to achieve the required delay resolution. However this increases the hardware complexity. Baseband sampling has been alternatively proposed with sampling rates as low as the transducer frequency or even lower. This approach uses two A/D converters and processing chains for every channel, thus doubling the hardware requirements. Quadrature sampling can be used instead with a single A/D converter, but the sampling rate must be a multiple of four times the transducer frequency, decreasing the application flexibility. Furthermore, it produces relatively high errors in the detected envelope if wideband transducers are used. This work presents a new approach, the selective sampling technique (SST), which keeps the lowest sampling rate required by the imaging process or the signal bandwidth (whatever is larger) and, at the same time, provides a high delay resolution to keep the highest image dynamic range. The SST is based on a second order sampling process which, differently from the mentioned approaches, does not pose any constraints in the time interval between samples and produce lower errors in the detected envelope. The hardware requirements are low (a single A/D converter and processing chain for every transducer element), working at the lowest data rate compatible with the Nyquist criterion, thus reducing the data bandwidth. Furthermore, the sampling points can be also freely chosen, so that the SST simplify the usually required scan conversion process to a simple linear interpolation easily carried out by software in real-time. 相似文献
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Non-uniformity correction is the key issue for the image quality improvement of infrared focal panel array (IRFPA) imaging. A non-uniformity correction (NUC) algorithm for IRFPA based on motion controllable micro-scanning platform and perimeter diaphragm strips is presented. We initially execute one-point calibration to the perimeter detectors, then based on controllable motion of adjacent frames, a special algebraic algorithm is proposed to transport the calibration of the perimeter detectors to those interior un-corrected ones. In this way, the bias parameter of the whole field of view (FOV) is calculated. The algorithm can be easily combined with sub-pixel imaging, thereby improving the quality of thermal imaging system (image spatial resolution and uniformity). All calculations are algebraic, with a low computation load. The algorithm can realize adaptive one point calibration without covering the central FOV rapidly. Experiments on simulated infrared data demonstrate that this algorithm requires only dozens of frames to obtain high quality corrections. 相似文献
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粒子滤波是一种基于蒙特卡洛思想的非线性、非高斯滤波器,其一般采用重要性采样进行粒子采样。但重要性采样容易出现粒子退化现象。解决粒子样本退化问题一般采用重采样。重采样虽然解决了样本的退化问题,同时又引入了采样贫瘠问题。本文根据海洋混响的统计特性和混响中目标的恒虚警率检测原理,提出了恒虚警率采样粒子滤波技术,恒虚警率采样粒子滤波技术使采样粒子尽可能集中在目标附近,有效地描述目标后验概率,降低了粒子数,减小了计算量。本文将此技术应用到海洋混响中的声纳目标跟踪中,既解决了传统卡尔曼滤波在声纳目标跟踪中的非线性、非高斯问题,又解决了粒子滤波的粒子退化及采样贫瘠问题。文中对高分辨率声纳目标数据进行了滤波跟踪,结果验证了本文方法的有效性。 相似文献
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A method of multi-channel receiving for high bit rate heterodyne direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (OOFDM) system is proposed to reduce the sampling rate demand of analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The sampling rate of ADCs can be reduced to 1/N that of the original signal bandwidth in an N-channel receiving system. Aided by a succeeding digital signal processing (DSP) at the receiver, aliasing free signal can be recovered. A back-to-back experimental result is given for a 4-channel system, based on which, a down conversion process for heterodyne can be reduced. The signal rebuilding algorithm is given and analyzed in its complexity and noise tolerance. 相似文献
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线性光采样是一种测量基于先进调制码型的高速光信号的有效手段, 而被动锁模光纤激光器是其实施所需的关键组件. 本文在介绍线性光采样工作原理的基础上, 首次分析得到被动锁模光纤激光器重复频率与待测信号光线宽的约束关系, 对于正交相移键控(QPSK)信号, 当信号光线宽与采样光脉冲重复频率的比值小于1.5×10-3 时, 高速信号的相位噪声对线性光采样带来的损伤可以忽略不计. 利用95.984 MHz重复频率的被动锁模光纤激光器对线宽为100 kHz速率为28 Gbaud的QPSK信号开展相关实验, 通过标准数字相干接收算法可以得到与传统高速示波器相同的星座图, 理论分析与实验结果完全符合. 这一研究结果有助于线性光采样用被动锁模光纤激光器的优化设计. 相似文献