反平面塑性V形切口尖端应力和位移渐近解

提出了一种确定幂硬化材料反平面V形切口尖端应力和位移渐近解的主导项和高阶项的有效方法。首先通过在弹塑性理论基本方程中引入V形切口尖端应力场和位移场的渐近级数展开,建立以应力和位移为特征函数的非线性和线性常微分方程组。然后采用插值矩阵法求解常微分方程组,可得到多阶应力特征指数和其相对应的特征函数。该方法具有通用性强、精度高等优点,可处理任意开口角度和应变硬化指数的V形切口。典型算例验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。     

Complete elastic–plastic stress asymptotic solutions near general plane V-notch tips

An efficient method is developed to determine the multiple term eigen-solutions of the elastic–plastic stress fields at the plane V-notch tip in power-law hardening materials. By introducing the asymptotic expansions of stress and displacement fields around the V-notch tip into the fundamental equations of elastic–plastic theory, the governing ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the stress and displacement eigen-functions are established. Then the interpolating matrix method is employed to solve the resulting nonlinear and linear ODEs. Consequently, the first four and even more terms of the stress exponents and the associated eigen-solutions are obtained. The present method has the advantages of greater versatility and high accuracy, which is capable of dealing with the V-notches with arbitrary opening angle under plane strain and plane stress. In the present analysis, both the elastic and the plastic deformations are considered, thus the complete elastic and plastic stress asymptotic solutions are evaluated. Numerical examples are shown to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the present method.     

Analysis of the stress singularity for a bi-material V-notch by the boundary element method

A new algorithm coupling the boundary element technique with the characteristic expansion method is proposed for the computation of the singular stress field in the V-notched bi-material structure. After the stress asymptotic expansions are introduced into the linear elasticity equilibrium equations, the governing equations at the small sector dug out from the bi-material V-notch tip region are transformed into the ordinary differential eigen-equations. All the parameters in the asymptotic expansions except the combination coefficients can be achieved by solving the established eigen-equations with the interpolating matrix method. Furthermore, the conventional boundary element method is applied to modeling the remaining structure without the notch tip region. The combination coefficients in the asymptotic expansion forms can be computed by the discretized boundary integral equations. Thus, the singular stress field at the V-notch tip and the generalized stress intensity factors of the bi-material notch are successfully calculated. The accurate singular stress field obtained here is very useful in the evaluation of the fracture property and the fatigue life of the V-notched bi-material structure.     

微分求积法分析平面接头应力奇异性北大核心CSCD

对于双材料平面接头问题提出了一个分析应力奇性指数的新方法:微分求积法(DQM).首先,将平面接头连接点处位移场的径向渐近展开格式代入平面弹性力学控制方程,获得了关于应力奇性指数的常微分方程组(ODEs)特征值问题.然后,基于DQM理论,将ODEs的特征值问题转化为标准型广义代数方程组特征值问题,求解之可一次性地计算出双材料平面接头连接点处应力奇性指数,同时,一并求出了接头连接点处相应的位移和应力特征函数.数值计算结果说明该文DQM计算平面接头连接点处应力奇性指数的结果是正确的.     

正交异性双材料的Ⅱ型界面裂纹尖端场

通过引入含16个待定实系数和两个实应力奇异指数的应力函数,再借助边界条件,得到了两个八元非齐次线性方程组.求解该方程组,在双材料工程参数满足适当条件下,确定了两个实应力奇异指数.根据极限唯一性定理,求出了全部系数,得到了应力函数的表示式.代入相应的力学公式,推出了当特征方程组两个判别式都小于0时,每种材料的裂纹尖端应力强度因子、应力场和位移场的理论解.裂纹尖端附近的应力和位移有混合型断裂特征,但没有振荡奇异性和裂纹面相互嵌入现象作为特例,当两种正交异性材料相同时,可以推出正交异性单材料Ⅱ型断裂的应力奇异指数、应力强度因子公式、应力场、位移场表示式.     

蠕变损伤材料中缺口尖端稳定扩展的应力场

研究了在拉伸载荷和反平面载荷作用下蠕变损伤材料缺口尖端稳定扩展的应力场．假设材料的应力及位移势函数,得到了缺口尖端场的各参数分量,进而在小范围蠕变条件下,建立了缺口尖端稳定扩展的蠕变损伤控制方程,并考虑缺口尖端蠕变钝化作用和问题的边界条件,对控制方程进行了数值分析,得到了缺口尖端的应力场,并讨论了缺口尖端应力场随各影响参数的变化规律．结果表明,缺口尖端的应力具有r1/(1-n)的奇异性,应力率具有rn/(1-n)的奇异性,n是蠕变指数．     

求解微分方程初值问题的一种弧长法

对于连续介质力学问题中导出的微分方程初值问题,常常具有解奇异性,如不连续、Ｓｔｉｆ性质或激波间断·本文通过在相应空间,引入一个或数个弧长参数变量,克服解的奇异性·对于常微分方程组引入弧长参数变量后,奇异性得以消除和削弱,应用一般的解常微分方程组的方法（如Ｒｕｎｇｅ＿Ｋｕｔａ法）求解·对于偏微分方程引入弧长参数变量后,在相应的空间离散成常微分方程组,用解奇异性常微分方程组相同的方法即可求解·本文给出了两个算例     

Eigenvalue analysis for a crack in a power-law material

A nonlinear eigenvalue problem related to determining the stress and strain fields near the tip of a transverse crack in a power-law material is studied. The eigenvalues are found by a perturbation method based on representations of an eigenvalue, the corresponding eigenfunction, and the material nonlinearity parameter in the form of series expansions in powers of a small parameter equal to the difference between the eigenvalues in the linear and nonlinear problems. The resulting eigenvalues are compared with the accurate numerical solution of the nonlinear eigenvalue problem.     

Numerical methods based on multipoint Hermite interpolating polynomials for solving the Cauchy problem for stiff systems of ordinary differential equations

Families of A-, L-, and L(δ)-stable methods are constructed for solving the Cauchy problem for a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The L(δ)-stability of a method with a parameter δ ∈ (0, 1) is defined. The methods are based on the representation of the right-hand sides of an ODE system at the step h in terms of two-or three-point Hermite interpolating polynomials. Comparative results are reported for some test problems. The multipoint Hermite interpolating polynomials are used to derive formulas for evaluating definite integrals. Error estimates are given.     

Investigation of the stress singularity of a magnetoelectroelastic bonded antiplane wedge

The order of the stress singularity of a magnetoelectroelastic bonded antiplane wedge is analyzed by complex potential function and eigenfunction expansion method. Contrary to the familiar problem of elastic anisotropic bonded wedges which always produce real values for the order of singularity, the results of the magnetoelectroelastic bonded wedges may be real or complex. Numerical results are presented for problems with different boundary conditions. In particular, special behaviors of the order of the stress singularity for some degenerate composite materials and for some special wedge angles are noted.     

不可压缩橡胶类材料裂纹尖端应力应变场*

本文对平面应变情况下不可压缩橡胶类材料裂纹尖端弹性场进行了有限变形分析.裂纹尖端场被分为收缩区和扩张区.借助于新的应变能函数和变形模式,推出了尖端场各区的渐近方程,得到了尖端场的完整描述.本文对奇异性作了讨论,得到了不可压缩橡胶类材料裂纹尖端应力及应变分布曲线,揭示了裂纹尖端应力应变场的特性.     

采用新方法研究非局部理论中Ⅰ-型裂纹的断裂问题

采用新的方法研究非局部理论中Ⅰ_型裂纹的断裂问题,进而确定裂纹尖端的应力状态,这种方法就是Schmidt方法·　所得结果比艾林根研究同样问题的结果准确和更加合理,克服了艾林根研究同样问题时遇到的数学困难·　与经典弹性解相比,裂纹尖端不再出现物理意义上不合理的应力奇异性,并能够解释宏观裂纹与微观裂纹的力学问题·     

两种材料角区尖端裂纹异性分析

本文分析两种材料角区尖端产生的裂纹现象·设裂纹位于两种材料角区的分角线上，利用问题的几何和材料对称性，可将原问题分解为对称和反对称两种状态·通过特征展开法，分别导出两种状态下裂纹的特征方程，进而计算出不同材料比值和角区张角下的特征值序列，其中最小正特征值可用来反映裂纹的奇异性程度，最后推导出裂纹尖端附近位移应力表达式·     

Regular Sturm - Liouville Problems Whose Coefficients Depend Rationally on the Eigenvalue Parameter

In this note we consider regular Sturm-Liouville equations with a floating singularity of a special type: the coefficient of the second order derivative contains the eigenvalue parameter. We determine the form of the boundary conditions which make the problem selfadjoint after linearizing. In general the boundary conditions for the linearized system give rise to boundary conditions which involve the eigenvalue parameter in the original, non-linearized, problem. The boundary conditions give rise to a 2 × 2 matrix function, the so-called Titchmarsh-Weyl coefficient. The characteristic properties of this function are studied. The formal aspects of the theory of this class of equations turn out to be quite parallel to those for the usual situation when there is no floating singularity.     

Eigenvalue problem for a coupled channel Schrödinger equation with application to the description of deformed nuclear systems

We discuss the accurate computation of the eigensolutions of systems of coupled channel Schrödinger equations as they appear in studies of real physical phenomena like fission, alpha decay and proton emission. A specific technique is used to compute the solution near the singularity in the origin, while on the rest of the interval the solution is propagated using a piecewise perturbation method. Such a piecewise perturbation method allows us to take large steps even for high energy-values. We consider systems with a deformed potential leading to an eigenvalue problem where the energies are given and the required eigenvalue is related to the adjustment of the potential, viz, the eigenvalue is the depth of the nuclear potential. A shooting technique is presented to determine this eigenvalue accurately.     

DIMSEMs - diagonally implicit single-eigenvalue methods for the numerical solution of stiff ODEs on parallel computers

This paper derives a new class of general linear methods (GLMs) intended for the solution of stiff ordinary differential equations (ODEs) on parallel computers. Although GLMs were introduced by Butcher in the 1960s, the task of deriving formulas from the class with properties suitable for specific applications is far from complete. This paper is a contribution to that work. Our new methods have several properties suited for the solution of stiff ODEs on parallel computers. They are strictly diagonally implicit, allowing parallelism in the Newton iteration used to solve the nonlinear equations arising from the implicitness of the formula. The stability matrix has no spurious eigenvalues (that is, only one eigenvalue of the stability matrix is non-zero), resulting in a solution free from contamination from spurious solutions corresponding to non-dominant, non-zero eigenvalues. From these two properties arises the name DIMSEM, for Diagonally IMplicit Single-Eigenvalue Method. The methods have high stage order, avoiding the phenomenon of order reduction that occurs, for example, with some Runge-Kutta methods. The methods are L-stable, with the result that the chosen stepsize is dictated by convergence requirements rather than stability considerations imposed by the stiffness of the problem. An introduction to GLMs is given and some order barriers for DIMSEMs are presented. DIMSEMs of orders 2-6 are derived, as well as an L-stable class of diagonal methods of all orders which do not, however, possess the single-eigenvalue property. A fixed-order, variable-stepsize implementation of the DIMSEMs is described, including the derivation of local error estimators, and the results of testing on both sequential and parallel computers is presented. The testing shows the DIMSEMs to be competitive with fixed-order versions of the popular solver LSODE on a practical test problem.     

Asymptotics of eigenvalues of the nonlinear eigenvalue problem arising from the near mixed-mode crack-tip stress-strain field problems

In the present paper, approximate analytical and numerical solutions to nonlinear eigenvalue problems arising in nonlinear fracture mechanics in studying stress-strain fields near a crack tip under mixed-mode loading are presented. Asymptotic solutions are obtained by the perturbation method (the artificial small parameter method). The artificial small parameter is the difference between the eigenvalue corresponding to the nonlinear eigenvalue problem and the eigenvalue related to the linear “undisturbed” problem. It is shown that the perturbation technique is an effective method of solving nonlinear eigenvalue problems in nonlinear fracture mechanics. A comparison of numerical and asymptotic results for different values of the mixity parameter and hardening exponent shows good agreement. Thus, the perturbation theory technique for studying nonlinear eigenvalue problems is offered and applied to eigenvalue problems arising in fracture mechanics analysis in the case of mixed-mode loading.     

Solutions of Emden–Fowler equations by homotopy-perturbation method

In this paper, approximate and/or exact analytical solutions of the generalized Emden–Fowler type equations in the second-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained by homotopy-perturbation method (HPM). The homotopy-perturbation method (HPM) is a coupling of the perturbation method and the homotopy method. The main feature of the HPM is that it deforms a difficult problem into a set of problems which are easier to solve. In this work, HPM yields solutions in convergent series forms with easily computable terms, and in some cases, only one iteration leads to the high accuracy of the solutions. Comparisons with the exact solutions and the solutions obtained by the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) show the efficiency of HPM in solving equations with singularity.     

理想塑性固体中逐步扩展裂纹的弹塑性场

本文从三维的塑性流动理论出发,导出了关于理想塑性固体平面应变问题的基本方程。利用这些方程,分析了不可压缩理想塑性固体的逐步扩展裂纹顶端的弹塑性场。得到了关于应力和速度的一阶渐近场。分析了弹性卸载区的演变过程和中心扇形区的发展过程。预示了出现二次塑性区的可能性。最后给出了关于应力场二阶渐近分析。     

On corner singularities in Reissner-Mindlin's theory of elastic plates

In the framework of linear elasticity, singularities occur in domains with non-smooth boundaries. Particularly in Fracture Mechanics, the local stress field near stress concentrations is of interest. In this work, singularities at re-entrant corners or sharp notches in Reissner-Mindlin plates are studied. Therefore, an asymptotic solution of the governing system of partial differential equations is obtained by using a complex potential approach which allows for an efficient calculation of the singularity exponent λ. The effect of the notch opening angle and the boundary conditions on the singularity exponent is discussed. The results show, that it can be distinguished between singularities for symmetric and antisymmetric loading and between singularities of the bending moments and the transverse shear forces. Also, stronger singularities than the classical crack tip singularity with free crack faces are observed. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)