高功率楔形介质填充天线设计

 针对高功率超宽带天线应用中的绝缘性及方向性等关键问题,设计了一种基于TEM喇叭天线形式的楔形介质填充天线,并利用时域有限差分数值方法分析了这种新型介质填充天线的辐射性能。数值模拟与测试结果表明,所设计的这种楔形介质填充天线不仅可以满足高功率天线的绝缘性要求,而且在主轴方向上具有较强的辐射场。     

加载电磁带隙结构的阶梯型微带天线设计及分析

为了减弱大气摩擦引起的高温损伤,航空飞行器雷达天线一般都会加装天线罩或介质窗,将电磁带隙(EBG)结构的禁带特性和阶梯型微带天线的带宽及良好的匹配特性相结合,设计了一种含介质窗的EBG结构阶梯型微带天线,并计算分析了天线的辐射特性及介质窗对辐射特性的影响。结果表明：EBG结构产生的带隙能够制约天线表面波的传播,改善天线的带宽和增益性能,且当介质窗存在时,该结构亦可降低天线与介质窗间的互耦效应。这为含介质窗的EBG结构阶梯型微带天线的设计和应用提供了一定理论参考。     

介质加载天线阵的瞬态辐射特性

 提高天线增益和辐射效率是瞬态天线研究的重要内容之一。通过设定高斯脉冲激励波形,导出了瞬态辐射的能量阵列因子,分析了1维对称均匀天线阵列的瞬态辐射特性。结果表明:阵列的辐射波形与观察时间区间和角度有关,瞬态与稳态特性差异明显,时域辐射方向图与脉冲宽度有关,阵列可实现时域波束扫描。设计了介质加载天线阵,并采用3维电磁场分析软件进行了时域仿真计算,分析了介质加载对天线辐射特性的影响。研究表明:有介质加载的天线前向辐射电场峰值比没有介质加载的天线增加逾1倍,即瞬态辐射功率增大了3倍多,通过对计算和仿真结果的分析比较,验证了分析和设计方法的正确性和有效性。     

介质加载天线阵的瞬态辐射特性

提高天线增益和辐射效率是瞬态天线研究的重要内容之一。通过设定高斯脉冲激励波形,导出了瞬态辐射的能量阵列因子,分析了1维对称均匀天线阵列的瞬态辐射特性。结果表明:阵列的辐射波形与观察时间区间和角度有关,瞬态与稳态特性差异明显,时域辐射方向图与脉冲宽度有关,阵列可实现时域波束扫描。设计了介质加载天线阵,并采用3维电磁场分析软件进行了时域仿真计算,分析了介质加载对天线辐射特性的影响。研究表明:有介质加载的天线前向辐射电场峰值比没有介质加载的天线增加逾1倍,即瞬态辐射功率增大了3倍多,通过对计算和仿真结果的分析比较,验证了分析和设计方法的正确性和有效性。     

L波段高功率波导缝隙阵设计与数值模拟

设计了一种基于宽边纵缝驻波阵的高功率射频微波辐射系统,系统由四路矩形波导以及聚四氟乙烯天线窗组成。天线内采用真空绝缘实现天线高功率容量,天线窗真空侧采用周期刻三角槽技术抑制高功率微波介质表面击穿。在波导缝隙阵与天线窗之间设计支撑板,除支撑天线窗外还可抑制表面波电流。采用HFSS数值模拟软件对辐射系统进行了优化设计。数值模拟结果表明,设计的辐射系统在频率为1.575 GHz时,增益为22.7 dBi,天线口径效率为98.3%,反射系数为-25 dB,带宽达到5%,带宽内天线增益波动小于等于0.4 dB、天线口径效率大于等于98%、主瓣指向偏差小于等于1.2。系统功率容量达到1.92 GW。     

超宽带异向介质平面倒F天线

将异向介质地板引入平面倒F天线（PIFA）的设计中,探索了这种天线的新型辐射特性.修正的PIFA传输线模型中,利用异向介质的谐振电路取代了传统辐射贴片不连续性而引起的电容效应,从物理上有效地解释了这种PIFA辐射性能的提高.数值和实测数据表明,该PIFA天线-10 dB相对带宽超过了100%,谐振频率包含无线局域网络各通信标准及城域网2—6 GHz固定和移动宽带无线接入系统的所有载波频段.在2.4/2.5 GHz时,该天线将得到全向的辐射方向图,而在3.8 GHz和5.1—5.8 GHz频带内,该天线更集 关键词： 异向介质 传输线模型 平面倒F天线 超宽带     

均压环在高功率微波辐射天线窗中的应用

为提高高功率微波（HPM）辐射天线的功率容量,设计了带均压环的HPM微波辐射天线窗。均压环嵌入介质窗表面后介质窗表面电场分布发生改变,电子运动轨迹也随之发生改变,改变电子运动轨迹能有效抑制二次电子倍增造成的介质窗击穿。当均压环与辐射场电场垂直时,CST模拟表明,均压环的加入基本不影响天线的辐射性能。将其应用于返波管振荡器（BWO）实验中（输出微波为TM01模）,结果表明：在束压3 MV、束流10 kA、效率30%时,普通天线窗输出脉宽为45 ns,而加入均压环的天线窗输出脉宽100 ns。     

均压环在高功率微波辐射天线窗中的应用

为提高高功率微波（HPM）辐射天线的功率容量,设计了带均压环的HPM微波辐射天线窗。均压环嵌入介质窗表面后介质窗表面电场分布发生改变,电子运动轨迹也随之发生改变,改变电子运动轨迹能有效抑制二次电子倍增造成的介质窗击穿。当均压环与辐射场电场垂直时,CST模拟表明,均压环的加入基本不影响天线的辐射性能。将其应用于返波管振荡器（BWO）实验中（输出微波为TM01模）,结果表明:在束压3 MV、束流10 kA、效率30%时,普通天线窗输出脉宽为45 ns,而加入均压环的天线窗输出脉宽100 ns。     

一种油介质开关振荡器研究

为了产生较高中心频率宽带高功率微波, 对一种填充变压器油作为绝缘介质的1/4波长开关振荡器进行了研究。首先对这种开关振荡器特性阻抗分布进行了分析;然后利用静态电场仿真结果和变压器油击穿实验数据, 分析了该振荡器的耐压能力;在此基础上, 利用CST软件对其瞬态工作特性进行了仿真, 考察了开关间隙击穿位置和间隙电压下降时间对产生阻尼正弦信号的峰值和频率的影响;最后介绍了该振荡器以一种方向系数为3的短螺旋天线作为辐射天线的实验测试结果, 结果表明, 该开关振荡器充电电压上升时间为15 ns时, 耐压达到-322 kV, 产生宽带高功率微波中心频率约360 MHz, 3 dB带宽约22%, 辐射因子170 kV。     

一种油介质开关振荡器研究

为了产生较高中心频率宽带高功率微波, 对一种填充变压器油作为绝缘介质的1/4波长开关振荡器进行了研究。首先对这种开关振荡器特性阻抗分布进行了分析;然后利用静态电场仿真结果和变压器油击穿实验数据, 分析了该振荡器的耐压能力;在此基础上, 利用CST软件对其瞬态工作特性进行了仿真, 考察了开关间隙击穿位置和间隙电压下降时间对产生阻尼正弦信号的峰值和频率的影响;最后介绍了该振荡器以一种方向系数为3的短螺旋天线作为辐射天线的实验测试结果, 结果表明, 该开关振荡器充电电压上升时间为15 ns时, 耐压达到-322 kV, 产生宽带高功率微波中心频率约360 MHz, 3 dB带宽约22%, 辐射因子170 kV。     

并联介质加载偶极天线脉冲辐射特性的研究

应用FDTD方法和PML技术，对馈电区一侧放置介质块的电阻加载偶极天线的时域辐射特性进行了研究，发现这种天线具有良好的方向性.分析了加载介质块的尺寸和介电常数对脉冲辐射特性的影响，给出了能够产生良好方向性而且辐射效率又不至于很低的天线结构参数.并联介质加载脉冲天线的低轮廓特点使其容易与电路集成，非常适用于UWB这样的超宽带无线通信系统. 关键词： 脉冲天线 辐射特性 介质加载 时域有限差分方法     

Mode Matching Analysis for a New Millimeter Wave Omni-Directional Antenna Consisting of Circular Rod Corrugations Gloved with a Dielectric Shell

A new millimeter-wave omnidirectional antenna consisting of circular rod corrugations gloved with a dielectric shell is investigated. As an eigenvalue problem, the antenna is analyzed with the rigorous mode matching method. The radiation characteristics of the antenna are calculated in the Ka-band frequency range. A comparison of the leaky characteristics is made between the antennas with and without dielectric shell. It is found that the circular dielectric shell layer greatly affects the leaky characteristics of the antenna and the leakage constant increases considerably. In such a way, the length of the antenna can be reduced tremendously with higher radiation efficiency. This fact indicates that the proposed leaky wave antenna is of essentially practical significance for the case where the limitation in size and weight of system is strictly required. The effectiveness and reliability of the present analysis are verified by the calculated and experimental results given in the literature.     

Multimode network analysis for dielectric leaky-wave antennas consisting of multilayer periodic structure with arbitrary dielectric distributions

The multimode network method is used to analyze the radiation characteristics of the leaky-wave antenna consisting of multilayer dielectric periodic structure with arbitrary dielectric distributions in each layer. The eigenfunction of each periodic layer is determined by Floquet theorem; and the mode matching combining with generalized transverse resonant method are used to derive the dispersion equation of the leaky-wave antenna. The complex transmission constant is calculated by Newton iterative method and the radiation characteristics of the antenna are obtained. Some antenna structures are analyzed and useful guidelines for design of the leaky-wave antennas are suggested.     

Radiation properties of microstrip patch antenna covered with an anisotropic dielectric layer and a plasma sheath

By using SO-FDTD method, radiation properties of microstrip patch antenna covered with an anisotropic dielectric layer and a plasma layer are investigated. Simulation results show that the resonant frequency of antenna covered with a plasma layer varies with different plasma parameters. It has been indicated that the frequency offset of antenna is as high as 120 MHz when plasma frequency changes from 1 GHz to 8 GHz. The effect on antenna covered with an anisotropic dielectric layer is analyzed, while altering the dielectric constant or thickness of dielectric layer. Finally, the peak gain of antenna in complex plasma environment is presented in detail.     

Brewster Angle Effect on Performances of a New Millimeter Wave Omni-Directional Antenna Gloved with a Dielectric Shell

A new millimeter-wave omni-directional antenna consisting of circular rod corrugations gloved with a dielectric shell operating in the TM₀₁ mode is investigated. As an eigenvalue problem, the antenna is analyzed with the rigorous mode matching method. The radiation characteristics of the antenna are calculated for different parameters with a particular attention directed to the Brewster angle effect on the performances of the antenna. A comparison of the radiation characteristics is made between the antennas with and without dielectric shell. It is found that the introduction of the dielectric shell will change the location where the leakage constant reduced to zero. The effectiveness and reliability of the present analysis are verified by the calculated results given in the literature. Therefore, some useful guidelines for the design of the antenna are thereby suggested.     

Perturbation Analysis for a New Omni-Directional Antenna Consisted of Circular Rod Corrugations Gloved with a DNG Shell

A new omni-directional leaky-wave antenna is proposed in the paper, which is consisted of circular rod corrugations gloved with a Double-negative (DNG) shell. The leaky characteristics of the new antenna are analyzed by improved perturbation method. The electromagnetic fields are described in terms of a radial transmission-line network, which tremendously simplifies the analysis procedure with good calculation accuracy and brings considerable physical insight into the overall behavior of the dielectric grating antenna. The case where the n = −1 space harmonic of TE₀₁ mode radiating into the space is carefully investigated, it is demonstrated that the gloved cylindrical DNG shell greatly enhances the leaky strength of the antenna. As a result, the dimension of the antenna could be largely reduced keeping the radiation efficiency unchanged, which is of practical significance for some applications.