间甲基苯甲醚分子旋转异构体的质量分辨阈值电离光谱

间甲基苯甲醚分子有顺式和反式两个转动异构体. 利用单光共振双光子电离技术和质量分辨阈值电离技术,研究了间甲基苯甲醚分子顺反异构体的基态到第一电子激发态（S₁←S₀）的跃迁和阈值电离. 得到顺式、反式间甲基苯甲醚分子S₁态的激发能（E₁）分别为（36049±2）和（36117±2）cm^-1,绝热电离能（I_p）分别为（64859±5）和（65110±5）cm^-1. 结合从头算法和密度泛函理论的量子化学计算,解释了顺式、反式间甲基苯甲醚分子E₁和I_p存在差异的原因,并且对S₁态和离子基态D0态出现的谱峰进行了标识. 间甲基苯甲醚分子顺反异构体在S₁态和D₀态的活性振动主要是甲基转动、面内环的运动和与取代基相关的弯曲振动. 间甲基苯甲醚分子的S₁态振动光谱、D₀态离子光谱以及理论计算均表明这两个转动异构体在D₀态的几何构型与S₁态的中性几何构型相比有较大改变,取代基与取代基、取代基与苯环间的相互作用强度高低次序为：S₀<S₁<D₀.     

间甲基苯甲醚分子旋转异构体的质量分辨阈值电离光谱

间甲基苯甲醚分子有顺式和反式两个转动异构体.利用单光共振双光子电离技术和质量分辨阈值电离技术,研究了间甲基苯甲醚分子顺反异构体的基态到第一电子激发态(S1←S0)的跃迁和阈值电离.得到顺式、反式间甲基苯甲醚分子S1态的激发能(E1)分别为(36049±2)和(36117±2)cm-1,绝热电离能(Ip)分别为(64859±5)和(65110±5)cm-1.结合从头算法和密度泛函理论的量子化学计算,解释了顺式、反式间甲基苯甲醚分子E1和Ip存在差异的原因,并且对S1态和离子基态D0态出现的谱峰进行了标识.间甲基苯甲醚分子顺反异构体在S1态和D0态的活性振动主要是甲基转动、面内环的运动和与取代基相关的弯曲振动.间甲基苯甲醚分子的S1态振动光谱、D0态离子光谱以及理论计算均表明这两个转动异构体在D0态的几何构型与S1态的中性几何构型相比有较大改变,取代基与取代基、取代基与苯环间的相互作用强度高低次序为:S0S1D0.     

Van der Wals团簇ο-xylene N2的共振双光子电离光谱

The one-color resonant two -photon ionization technique is employed to study jetcooled van der Waals(vdW) complex o-xylene?N2 through the S0-S1 transition around the band. The spectra obtained exhibit rich information about the complex intermolecular vdW vibrational modes. We have tentatively assigned all the observed spectral features. The structure of the complex has been obtained by calculation of the minimum energy structure.     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯酚光度法测定铀的研究

铀的测定一般采用铀试剂-Ⅲ或5-Br-PADAP光度法。2-喹啉偶氮类试剂已用于一些金属离子的测定,由于其共轭体系大,比吡啶偶氮类试剂具有更高的灵敏度。我们合成了2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯酚(QADMAP),产品经IR,MS及^1H NMR表征(谱图略)。研究其和铀的显色反应,建立了一种测定矿石中铀的方法。     

1-萘酚的紫外共振双光子电离光谱

利用脉冲分子束技术, 在305-322 nm范围内研究了1-萘酚(1NP)的共振双光子电离(R2PI)光谱. 1NP分子存在cis和trans两种旋转异构体, 但实验中仅观测到trans异构体的电子振动跃迁光谱, 其S1←S0跃迁的(0-0)带头出现在317.90 nm(即31456 cm-1)位置. 利用光谱选律及ab initio和密度泛函(DFT)计算, 对trans异构体在S1态的振动模进行标识, 得出主要对应于对称性为a'的平面内振动模. 计算显示, cis异构体在电子基态S0的能量较trans异构体高出439 cm-1, 而第一激发能却比trans异构体的低1216 cm-1, 与之相应的实验值分别是220和274 cm-1. 计算数值与实验结果在能量变化趋势上完全一致. 共振双光子电离谱中没有观测到cis异构体的光谱信号, 其原因可归结为分子束的有效冷却效应使得处于基态的cis异构体的布居数密度相对trans异构体极低, 导致cis光谱信号太小而未能被探测到.     

5-溴-1,3-二氟-2-甲氧基苯的合成

以5-溴-1,2,3-三氟苯为原料,经氰化取代,甲氧基化,氰基酸性水解,霍夫曼降级重排,重氮化和Gattermann反应,高效合成了5-溴-1,3-二氟-2-甲氧基苯,其结构经¹H NMR, 13C NMR和MS(EI)确证。并利用气相色谱（GC）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）实时监测反应进程,优化了合成条件。     

间二甲氧基苯的分子结构、振动光谱和电离能

运用从头算和密度泛函理论方法，找到间二甲氧基苯有三种异构体，分析了它们在电子基态、第一电子激发态和离子态的分子结构；采用单色共振双光子电离方法，得到了间二甲氧基苯的单色共振双光子电离光谱；运用双色共振双光子电离的方法，测定了间二甲氧基苯三种异构体的电离能。结果表明：间二甲氧基苯的三种异构体中，异构体a最稳定；间二甲氧基苯的单色共振双光子电离光谱中的很多振动与环平面内的振动模式有关；间二甲氧基苯三种异构体的电离能分别为63521、64487和63755 cm^-1。     

2-(3,5-二溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚作络合滴定指示剂连续测定铁和铝

对2-(3,5-二溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚作铁(Ⅲ),铜(Ⅱ)的配位滴定指示剂进行了研究.在pH1.8～2.0时用EDTA标准溶液滴定铁(Ⅲ).在滴定铁(Ⅲ)后的溶液中,加入对铝过量的EDTA标准溶液,在pH3.8～4.0煮沸下,铝(Ⅲ)与EDTA生成稳定的络合物,过量的EDTA用硫酸铜标准溶液滴定,从而测定铝(Ⅲ).     

反相HPLC测定钒、铌、钽的2-(2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚配合物

以2-(2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚(PADAP)为柱前衍生试剂,在含0.1%酒石酸的10mmo1/L(pH3.5)HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液的甲醇/水(50:50,V/V)中(580nm检测),在C₁₈柱上于11min内实现了V、Nb、Ta的同时分离及测定,检出限(S/N=3)为0.34、0.29、7.30ng/mL.该法灵敏度高,用于矿样分析所得结果与推荐值相符,标准加入回收率为99.0%～101.1%.     

Mass-analyzed Threshold Ionization Spectroscopy of Rotamers of p-ethoxyphenol Cations and Configuration Effect

Two-color resonant two-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization （MATI） spectroscopy was used to record the vibrationally resolved cation spectra of the selected rotamers of p- ethoxyphenol. The adiabatic ionization energies of the trans and cis rotamers are determined to be 61565±5 and 61670±5 cm^-1, which are less than that of p-methoxyphenol by 645 and 643 cm^-1, respectively. Analysis on the MATI spectra of the selected rotamers of p-ethoxyphenol cation shows that the relative orientation of the ethoxy group has little effect on the in-plane ring vibrations. The low-frequency OC2H5 bending vibrations appear to be active for both forms of the cation.     

Resonant two-photon ionization spectra of fluorotoluene–argon complexes

The S₁←S₀ transitions of three jet-cooled fluorotoluene–argon complexes are studied by the resonant two-photon ionization technique coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Detailed spectral analysis assisted by model calculations has allowed us to determine the stretching vibrational frequencies and two bending vibrational frequencies of the complexes. The results show that, the relative positions of the substituents (i.e., F and CH₃) have very little influence on the stretching vibrations of the complexes but strongly affect their bending vibrations. In addition, the Ar atom is found to influence the internal rotation of the methyl group in the complexes.     

以2-氨基-5-硝基噻唑为基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱的有效基质分析DNA及蛋白质样品

采用碱性新基质2-氨基-5-硝基噻唑对DNA和蛋白质样品进行了基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱分析.结果表明,2-氨基-5-硝基噻唑能有效地解吸电离DNA和蛋白质样品.采用正离子检测模式,分析分子量小于5000的pd(T)₁₀,pd(C)₁₀,pd(A)₈,pd(G)₁₀和pd(5′ATCGATCGAT3′)DNA样品时,分辨率均可达到1万以上;与分析DNA样品的常用基质相比,2-氨基-5-硝基噻唑解吸/电离样品分子所需要的激光强度小,易于获得信噪比和分辨率高及重复性好的谱图;分析蛋白质胰岛素、细胞色素C及牛血清白蛋白样品能达到与α-氰基-4-羟基肉桂酸(HCCA)和3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基肉桂酸(SA)相同的效果.采用负离子检测模式则能以较高的信噪比获得分子量达到7000的DNA的分子离子峰信号.此外,以2-氨基-5-硝基噻唑为基质的基质辅助激光解吸/电离(MALDI)测定还表现出一定的耐盐能力.     

2-氨基-5-硝基吡啶在基体辅助激光解吸/电离质谱法测定核酸分子中的应用

报道以2-氨基-5-硝基吡啶为基体用基体辅助激光解吸/电离质谱法(MALDI-MS)对DNA样品进行测定并研究它们的激光质谱特征,结果表明,2-氨基-5-硝基吡啶是DNA的一高效基体.用柠檬酸铵和NH_4~+阳离子交换树脂除去试剂和样品中的碱金属离子,能显著地提高解吸/电离DNA分子的效率.     

Molecular Structure, Vibrational Spectrum and Ionization Energy of m-Dimethoxybenzene

The optimized molecular geometries of the three rotamers of m-dimethoxybenzene in the ground So and electronically excited Sl states were predicted by ab initio and density functional theory （DFF） calculations. Their vibrational spectra in the St state were studied by one color resonant two photon ionization （1C-R2PI） method, and their ionization energies were measured by two color resonant two photon ionization （2C-R2PI） experiment. The optimized molecular geometries showed that the total energy of conformer a was the lowest in the So state. Most of the active vibrations assigned from the 1C-R2PI spectrum were found to be of the in-plane ring modes. The ionization energies （IE） of conformers a, b and c were determined to be 63521, 64487 and 63755 cm^-1, respectively.     

Photodissociation Spectroscopy of CD3I+ Generated by Mass‐Analyzed Threshold Ionization for Structure Determination

A method is devised better to resolve the subbands of the ground vibronic band in the mass‐analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectrum of CD₃I. By selective photodissociation of CD₃I⁺ in these subbands, high‐resolution spectra for the à ²A₁← ²E_3/2 transition are recorded. Spectral analysis confirms our previous suggestion that these subbands are due to cations in different rotational K states; this demonstrates the capability of MATI to generate rovibronically selected ion beams. By using the rotational constants of CH₃I⁺ and CD₃I⁺ obtained by spectral analysis, the zero‐point‐level geometries of the cations in the ²E_3/2 and à ²A₁ states are determined. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the capability of MATI–PD to determine the geometry of a gas‐phase polyatomic cation in an excited electronic state is demonstrated.     

Difluorocarbene Studied with Threshold Photoelectron Spectroscopy (TPES): Measurement of the First Adiabatic Ionization Energy (AIE) of CF2

The first photoelectron band of difluorocarbene CF₂, has been studied by threshold photoelectron (TPE) spectroscopy. CF₂ was prepared by microwave discharge of a flowing mixture of hexafluoropropene, C₃F₆, and argon. A vibrationally resolved band was observed in which at least twenty‐two components were observed. In the first PE band of CF₂, the adiabatic ionization energy differs significantly from the vertical ionization energy because, for the ionization CF₂⁺ (X?²A₁)+e^? ← CF₂ (X?¹A₁), there is an increase in the FCF bond angle (by ≈20°) and a decrease in the C? F bond length (by ≈0.7 Å). The adiabatic component was not observed in the experimental TPE spectrum. However, on comparing this spectrum with an ab initio/Franck–Condon simulation of this band, using results from high‐level ab initio calculations, the structure associated with the vibrational components could be assigned. This led to alignment of the experimental TPE spectrum and the computed Franck–Condon envelope, and a determination of the first adiabatic ionization energy of CF₂ as (11.362±0.005) eV. From the assignment of the vibrational structure, values were obtained for the harmonic and fundamental frequencies of the symmetric stretching mode (ν₁′) and symmetric bending mode (ν₂′) in CF₂⁺ (X?²A₁).