四卤化锡混合物中受扩散控制的卤原子交换动力学研究

以¹¹⁹Sn NMR 方法研究了四氯化锡和四溴化锡混合物（1∶1, 摩尔比）交换体系在不同条件下的动力学性质. 测定了在不同浓度的氘代氯仿溶液中5个交换组份的表观纵向弛豫时间（T¹）及5个组份相互间的交换速率常数（k）,结果表明交换速率常数与表观纵向弛豫速率成正比关系;同时,根据¹¹⁹Sn 1D NMR信号的线宽估测了有效横向弛豫时间（T^*₂）,并由T₁/T^*₂推断在所研究的体系中分子的运动属NMR慢运动极限. 从实验结果可推断在所研究的复杂交换体系中5个组份间的交换与分子自扩散运动有关,即化学交换与交换主体的扩散运动有必然的联系.     

4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼戊环的11B NMR及1H-11B HMQC研究

以4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼戌环分子为研究对象,对碳硼烷类化合物的核磁共振(NMR)检测方法进行了研究.除了采用常规的核磁共振碳谱(~(13)C NMR)、氢谱(~1H NMR)及其二维相关谱外,引入核磁共振硼谱(~(11)B NMR)与二维异核多量子相关谱(~1H-~(11)B HMQC),对含硼类化合物结构进行了测定,该方法对于准确解析硼烷类化合物的结构具有较好的参考意义.     

Analysis of G‐quadruplex conformations using Raman and polarized Raman spectroscopy

G‐quadruplexes (G4s) are four‐stranded DNA structures formed within nucleic acid sequences that are rich in guanines. G4 formation within DNA strands is believed to have significant biological relevance for the control of cell replication and gene expression. Therefore, the development and validation of experimental techniques that can easily and reliably characterize G4 structures under biologically relevant measurement conditions, like Raman spectroscopy, are desirable for G4‐targeted structure based drug design. Here we report Raman and polarized Raman studies of solutions of three oligonucleotides, thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) 5′‐GGTTGGTGTGGTTGG‐3′, human telomeric (HT) 5′‐(TTAGGG)₄‐3′, and a modified c‐Myc NHE‐III₁ sequence (MycL1) 5′‐TGAGGGTGGGTAGGGTGGGTAA‐3′, which were previously reported to form four distinct intramolecular G4 structures in the presence of Na⁺ or K⁺, as determined by NMR. Our results support the previously proposed antiparallel (TBA), antiparallel and hybrid (HT), and parallel with double‐chain reversal (DCR) loop (MycL1) structures. Large sample‐dependent variations in the intensity of bands associated with deoxyribose backbone modes in the 840–930 cm⁻¹ and 1420–1460 cm⁻¹ spectral regions were observed. Most notably, a highly polarized deoxyribose ring symmetric stretch (~930 cm⁻¹) appeared strongly in the solution spectra for HT and TBA, but was very weak or absent in the solution spectrum for MycL1 and the drop deposition (dried sample) spectra for all three oligonucleotides. It is hypothesized that the intensity of this band is likely controlled by furanose ring structure uniformity and/or solvent accessibility to certain nucleotide binding sites. Raman depolarization ratios measured for the G4s in solution were generally very similar to those previously reported for canonical B DNA, with the possible exception of base ring modes that consistently yielded slightly lower depolarization ratios for G4s compared to B DNA. The results further underscore the utility of Raman and polarized Raman spectroscopy for G4 structure elucidation under biologically relevant solution conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MgCl2对DNA构象影响的31P NMR研究

本文用³¹P NMR方法研究了MgCl₂对天然DNA溶液构象影响,首次观察到了Mg²⁺诱导天然DNA由B型向Z型转变。     

离子液体热分解机理的原位变温多核核磁共振研究

利用原位变温核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）、核磁共振氟谱（¹⁹F NMR）和核磁共振磷谱（³¹P NMR）等NMR技术研究特定温度下离子液体的热分解机理．在温度低至80℃时,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑阳离子（C₄mim⁺）和六氟磷酸根阴离子（PF₅-）组成的离子液体[C₄mim][PF₅]呈现1个缓慢但明显的分解过程．无水[C₄mim][PF₅]在温度高于80℃时开始分解,生成少量的五氟化磷（PF₅）和氟化氢（HF）,氟化氢中的氢原子来自于1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑环2位上的氢原子．在丢掉这个氢原子后,阳离子成环形成一个卡宾,并与PF₅形成卡宾/PF₅复合物．定量NMR分析显示在分解反应达到平衡状态时,自由态PF₅和卡宾/PF₅复合物的比例为7∶3．     

Nuclear Relaxation Analysis of the Xenobiotic- Receptor (DNA Or Plasmatic Protein) Recognition Process

The study of interactions of xenobiotics with macromolecular receptors is very important for understanding the chemical behaviour of xenobiotic compounds in the biological organisms.

The xenobiotic molecules are able to affect the natural activities of biological receptor such as DNA or plasmatic protein. In fact the modification of the conformation of DNA or plasmatic protein, induced by interaction with xenobiotic molecules, can determine profound alterations of the normal biochemical activity.

In this study a method based on proton NMR selective and non-selective spin-lattice relaxation rate measurements and their dependence on temperature for analyzing the ability of ligand to interact with receptor is used. The NMR parameters are a weighted average between the free and bound to xenobiotic environments.     

Studies of left-handed Z DNA: Characteristics of Raman spectra of d(GpCpGpCpGpC)

Studies of laser Raman spectra of synthesized DNA fragment, d (GpCpGpCpGpC), were performed. The similarities and differences between the characteristic spectra of the oligomer and those of its structural components, 5′-dGMP and 5′-dCMP, were dis cussed. The information obtained on the characteristic Raman spectrum susceptible to B-Z conformation transition of oligomer might be helpful in further investigation of the biology of left-handed DNA.     

溴鼠灵与DNA作用机制的光谱研究

农用化学物质残留可能会与DNA结合形成加和物,从而对动物和人类造成危害。文章利用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究了溴鼠灵(BDF)与小牛胸腺DNA(ct-DNA)的作用机理。结果表明,低浓度的ct-DNA可使BDF的吸收光谱发生减色,ct-DNA对BDF的稳态荧光有明显的的猝灭作用,属于静态猝灭方式,27 ℃时K_SV=1.21×104 L·mol-1;根据热力学参数推测BDF与ct-DNA之间的相互作用主要是范德瓦耳斯力作用;猝灭试验发现ct-DNA对BDF无明显保护作用;离子强度改变时,BDF/ct-DNA体系的荧光强度也随之改变;ct-DNA对β-CD/BDF包络物的荧光也有猝灭,但猝灭程度比游离的BDF有所降低,表明β-CD对BDF具有保护作用,也说明BDF与ct-DNA或β-CD的结合具有竞争性。各试验结果一致表明BDF与ct-DNA之间主要是以沟区结合方式发生作用。另外,试验结果也表明BDF与ct-DNA之间还存在静电作用。范德瓦耳斯力和静电作用的共同作用,为BDF在沟区与DNA的相互结合提供了更好条件。     

A (27)Al MAS NMR study of a sol-gel produced alumina: Identification of the NMR parameters of the theta-Al(2)O(3) transition alumina phase

²⁷Al MAS NMR has been used to study a sol–gel prepared alumina annealed at various temperatures. Two-field simulation of the sample heated to 1200 °C confirmed the presence of corundum, as suggested by XRD, and also the presence of nanocrystalline θ-Al₂O₃. ²⁷Al MAS NMR chemical shifts, quadrupolar coupling constants and asymmetry parameters are reported for the tetrahedral and octahedral aluminium sites within θ-Al₂O₃.     

TMS的NMR量子化学计算

分别用HF/4 31G(Si =6 2 1G)、B3LYP/6 31G(D)、B3LYP/6 31G、HF/6 31G、MP2 /6 31G(D)对TMS进行了结构优化 ,在此基础上 ,用Hartree Fock、B3LYP理论水平下 ,分别用不同的基组 6 31G、6 31+ +G(D ,P)、6 311+G(2D ,P)、6 311+ +G(D ,P)进行NMR的计算 ;在MP2理论水平上 ,用STO 3G、3 2 1G、4 31G、6 31G、6 31G(D)、6 31+ +G(D ,P)等基组进行NMR的计算 .并用GAUSSION98程序所给出的四种计算NMR的方法 :GIAO、IGAIM、CSGT、SINGLEGAUGEORIGIN ,分别在上述基础上进行了TMS的屏蔽值的计算 .研究结果表明 ,就理论水平而言 ,DFT(B3LYP)比HF计算结果要好 ,而且基组越大 ,计算精度越高 ,但有一饱和基组存在 .就计算方法而言 ,用GIAO有利于计算精度的提高 .计算结果与实验值基本上吻合     

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging in the diagnosis of spinal osteomyelitis

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMR) was performed on two patients whose clinical radiograph and bone scanning suggested spinal osteomyelitis before and after successful antimicrobial therapy. The images obtained suggest that NMR may be more useful in the diagnosis of this condition than other conventional imaging techniques. Hitherto NMR has not been considered particularly useful for the diagnosis of bone disease. This may be true for cortical bone, from which no signal is obtained using the NMR technique, but for medullary bone it appears to be a potentially useful, non-invasive and safe method of diagnosis.     

An NMR thermometer for cryogenic magic-angle spinning NMR: the spin-lattice relaxation of (127)I in cesium iodide

The accurate temperature measurement of solid samples under magic-angle spinning (MAS) is difficult in the cryogenic regime. It has been demonstrated by Thurber et al. (J. Magn. Reson., 196 (2009) 84-87) [10] that the temperature dependent spin-lattice relaxation time constant of ⁷⁹Br in KBr powder can be useful for measuring sample temperature under MAS over a wide temperature range (20–296 K). However the value of T₁ exceeds 3 min at temperatures below 20 K, which is inconveniently long. In this communication, we show that the spin-lattice relaxation time constant of ¹²⁷I in CsI powder can be used to accurately measure sample temperature under MAS within a reasonable experimental time down to 10 K.