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1.
We develop a classical model of the recently popular parametric effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), i.e., the formation of a “transparency window” inside a resonance absorption line of a three-level quantum system, which is accompanied by a record strong slowing of the probe wave. Based on this model, we consider the EIT effect for electromagnetic waves at frequencies of the electron-cyclotron resonance in a cold plasma. The parametric (three-wave) interaction of two electromagnetic modes (the frequency of one of these modes is equal to the electron gyrofrequency) with the electrostatic mode is considered. It is shown that the resonance growth in the electron oscillations at the gyrofrequency can be damped due to the parametric coupling with the collective electrostatic oscillations. Similar to analogous quantum systems, the group slowing of the probe electron-cyclotron wave in the transparency window takes place in the case considered. 相似文献
2.
A. Yu. Kryachko A. G. Litvak M. D. Tokman 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2002,95(4):697-704
We investigate a classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) currently popular in quantum electronics. We consider EIT for electron cyclotron waves in finite-temperature plasma. We derive an expression for the effective refractive index of an electromagnetic wave and study the dispersion and absorption of this wave under EIT conditions. Allowance for thermal motion is shown to radically change the behavior of the dispersion curves for the signal wave in the EIT region compared to the case of cold plasma. 相似文献
3.
We report the first experimental identification of the new wave branch at electron cyclotron frequency produced by the injection of a frequency-matched intense pump wave in magnetized plasma [A.?G. Litvak and M.?D. Tokman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 095003 (2002); G. Shvets and J.?S. Wurtele, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 115003 (2002)], which is a classical phenomenon analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in quantum systems. By using a frequency-sweep interferometer, we directly detected the dispersion relation of the plasma EIT branch for propagation parallel to the background magnetic field. The bandwidth of the EIT window was correlated with the pump-wave electric field and was found to agree with the theoretical prediction. 相似文献
4.
LIN Qiong-Gui 《理论物理通讯》2006,45(5):919-922
In quantum mechanics the center of a wave packet is precisely defined as the center of probability. The center-of-probability velocity describes the entire motion of the wave packet.
In classical physics there is no precise counterpart to the
center-of-probability velocity of quantum mechanics, in spite of the fact that there exist in the literature at least eight different velocities for
the electromagnetic wave. We propose a center-of-energy velocity to
describe the entire motion of general wave packets in classical
physical systems. It is a measurable quantity, and is well defined
for both continuous and discrete systems. For electromagnetic wave
packets it is a generalization of the velocity of energy transport.
General wave packets in several classical systems are studied and the
center-of-energy velocity is calculated and expressed in terms of the
dispersion relation and the Fourier coefficients. These systems
include string subject to an external force, monatomic chain and
diatomic chain in one dimension, and classical Heisenberg model in
one dimension. In most cases the center-of-energy velocity reduces to
the group velocity for quasi-monochromatic wave packets. Thus it also
appears to be the generalization of the group velocity. Wave packets
of the relativistic Dirac equation are discussed briefly. 相似文献
5.
The field of radiation emission from electron beams is reviewed with special reference to work related to free-electron lasers.
Different schemes of interaction in periodic structures, electromagnetic slow-wave structures, and in transverse confining
force are distinguished. Various effects and devices such as traveling wave amplifiers, Smith-Purcell radiators, Cerenkov
and bremsstrahlung-free electron lasers, cyclotron resonance masers, coherent bremsstrahlung and channeling radiation are
discussed and the differences and relations among them are explained. A simple comprehensive model is developed to describe
electron-beam interaction with an electromagnetic wave in periodic electromagnetic structures. The model is general enough
to describe both collective and single-electron modes of interaction and quantum mechanical, classical and Fermi degenerate
regimes. Simplified expressions are developed for the gain by stimulated emission of radiation and for gain conditions of
the Smith-Purcell-Cerenkov type free-electron lasers under conditions of very thin electron beams and infinite interaction
length.
This research is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract AFOSR-76-2933 相似文献
6.
Effects of quantum deviation of a two-level atom at coherent scattering on an inhomogeneous optical potential created by crossed electromagnetic fields are considered. The region of interaction is formed by a lowfrequency quantized standing wave from a micromaser and a coherent traveling optical wave generated by an optical fiber located inside a cavity. The atom interacts with both fields under the conditions of two-photon two-wave resonance. It is shown that two effects of quantum deviation of translational motion of the atom can be observed. Interaction with the standing wave is caused under these conditions by a harmonic potential the character of scattering of the atom on which depends significantly on the initial conditions of preparation of the atom and quantized mode. The other effect—deviation of the atom by the classical traveling wave—is also completely quantum mechanical under these conditions and is produced by the noncommutative contribution of the kinetic energy operator of the atom and the interaction energy. 相似文献
7.
V. A. Kosobukin 《Physics of the Solid State》2003,45(6):1145-1153
A theory of the Anderson localization of light in randomly arranged ultrathin layers (quantum wells) uniform in lateral dimensions and possessing intrinsic optical resonances is put forward. To solve the multiple-scattering problem, a model of layers with a δ-function resonance dielectric polarization is proposed. The model is an electromagnetic counterpart of the electronic model of zero-radius potentials. Interlayer disorder is included under the assumption of a low average concentration of identical layers in order to calculate analytically the one-and two-photon characteristics of electromagnetic-radiation transport, in particular, the average energy density and the Anderson localization length of light. The analysis is carried out for a structure with randomly distributed quantum wells in which quasi-two-dimensional excitons of different quantum wells are in resonance while their wave functions do not overlap. It is shown that the average electromagnetic field propagates through this disordered structure in the form of polaritons but are produced in exciton reemission between quantum wells. The localization length of light in the polariton spectral region decreases substantially, because the scattering (reflection) of light by individual quantum wells grows near the excitonic resonance. 相似文献
8.
9.
JETP Letters - Features of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in an inhomogeneous plasma at frequencies close to the electron-cyclotron resonance have been studied experimentally. It has been... 相似文献
10.
Andr LeClair 《Nuclear Physics B》1995,450(3):753-767
It is known that classical electromagnetic radiation at a frequency in resonance with energy splittings of atoms in a dielectric medium can be described using the classical sine-Gordon theory. In this paper we quantize the electromagnetic field and compute some quantum effects by using known results from the sine-Gordon quantum field theory. In particular, we compute the intensity of spontaneously emitted radiation using the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz with boundary interactions. 相似文献
11.
12.
We describe the transition to quantum chaos of an ion trapped in a linear ion trap and interacting with two laser fields. Under the conditions of adiabatic illumination of the upper level of the ion, and when the frequencies of the two laser beams are slightly different, the system is reduced to a quantum linear oscillator interacting with a monochromatic wave. The property of localization over the quantum resonance cells is proposed to exploit in order to facilitate the process of measurement of the probability distribution of an ion on the vibrational levels. In the regime of strong chaos the time-averaged values of the energy and dispersion of energy are computed and compared with the corresponding classical quantities for different values of the perturbation amplitude. In the exact resonance case, the classical analog of the system possesses an infinite inhomogeneous stochastic web. We analyze the quantum dynamics inside the inhomogeneous web. It is shown that the quantum system mimics on average the dynamics of the corresponding classical system. Formation of the quantum resonance cells is illustrated in the case of a finite detuning from the exact resonance, and under increasing of the wave amplitude. The parameters of the model and the initial conditions are close to the real physical situation which can be realized in the system of cold trapped ion perturbed by two lasers fields with close frequencies. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics. 相似文献
13.
Macroscopic effects in electromagnetically-induced transparency in a Doppler-broadened system 下载免费PDF全文
Pei Li-Ya Niu Jin-Yan Wang Ru-Quan Qu Yi-Zhi Wu Ling-An Fu Pan-Ming Zuo Zhan-Chun 《中国物理 B》2015,24(1):14205-014205
We study the electromagnetically-induced transparency(EIT)in a Doppler-broadened cascaded three-level system.We decompose the susceptibility responsible for the EIT resonance into a linear and a nonlinear part,and the EIT resonance reflects mainly the characteristics of the nonlinear susceptibility.It is found that the macroscopic polarization interference effect plays a crucial role in determining the EIT resonance spectrum.To obtain a Doppler-free spectrum there must be polarization interference between atoms of different velocities.A dressed-state model,which analyzes the velocities at which the atoms are in resonance with the dressed states through Doppler frequency shifting,is employed to explain the results. 相似文献
14.
15.
Zhuan Li Li-Ping Deng Li-Sen Xu Kaige Wang 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2006,40(1):147-156
We study a four-level double-Λ atomic ensemble interacting with two
time-dependent signal fields and two stationary control fields. Though, in
each Λ channel, a pair of signal and control fields couple
resonantly with the two lower levels of atoms, the occurrences of
electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is affected by the coherence
of the four fields. In the discussion of atomic susceptibilities, we show
that the quantum coherence between the two lower levels can be either formed
or released according to the phase matching of the four fields. We analyze
the propagation equation of the two signal fields, and find two
characteristic solutions: the stationary transmission wave and the transient
decay wave. The former corresponds to a correlated EIT effect in which two
signal pulses are shape-matched. The latter is an opposite effect to the
correlated EIT in which two pulses quench simultaneously, thus named as the
correlated two-signal absorption (CTSA). We propose the CTSA condition in
correspondence with the EIT condition. The numerical simulation shows that
the double-Λ configuration is capable of manipulating synchronous
optical signals and thus provides multiplicity and versatility in quantum
information process. 相似文献
16.
Recently J. P. Vigier showed [1] that the photon can be reperesented as a solitary electromagnetic wave – a soliton. As a consequence one can ascribe to such a soliton effective volume, amplitude and frequency which coincide with the frequency of de Broglie's wave (measured by interference phenomena). In this paper we propose a soliton-like model for the photon. We show that the electromagnetic amplitude, the volume, the classical cross section and the photoeffect cross section of the photon-soliton can be estimated in an empirical as well as in an analytical way. In the framework of our model the relation between the electromagnetic amplitude of the soliton and its frequency that we found seams to be an universal one, in sense that it may not depend on the specific quantum system considered. We show that there are no essential contradictions between our photon-soliton and some well-known facts such as the interactions in the case of photoeffect and Compton effect. 相似文献
17.
We study an analog of the classical Arnol'd diffusion in a quantum system of two coupled nonlinear oscillators one of which is governed by an external periodic force with two frequencies. In a classical model this very weak diffusion happens in a narrow stochastic layer along the coupling resonance and leads to an increase of the total energy of the system. We show that quantum dynamics of wave packets mimics, up to some extent, global properties of the classical Arnol'd diffusion. This specific diffusion represents a new type of quantum dynamics and may be observed, for example, in 2D semiconductor structures (quantum billiards) perturbed by time-periodic external fields. 相似文献
18.
The frequency dependence of the coefficient of interband magnetoabsorption of a weak electromagnetic wave propagating in a constant electric field and in a field of resonant laser radiation at a frequency equal to the cyclotron frequency (infrared magnetic resonance) is calculated. The specific features observed in interband absorption of the electromagnetic wave in a uniform electric field are considered for the case in which the frequency of laser radiation is equal to the confinement frequency in a parabolic quantum well (infrared quantum-well resonance). 相似文献
19.