Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Phosphonates Derivatives of As Potential Antitumor Agents

Abstract

A series of dialkyl [2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzamido](aryl) methylphosphonates derivatives were designed and synthesized. All the new compounds were identified by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, ³¹P NMR, and MS. Their antitumor activity against KB and CNE1 cells was examined. Some of the compounds showed potential antitumor activity, which provided some hints for further study of structure modification. In particular, the compounds 6i and 6j displayed more potent cytotoxic activities against KB in comparison with 5-FU.

[Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements for the following free supplemental resource: Table S1]

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT      

Synthesis,Biological Evaluation,DNA Binding,and Molecular Docking of Hybrid 4,6-Dihydrazone Pyrimidine Derivatives as Antitumor Agents

In the present paper, on the basis of molecular hybridization, a series of 4,6-dihydrazone pyrimidine derivatives containing the pyridine moiety were synthesized, structurally characterized, and evaluated in vitro for their antitumor activity. According to the results, all the tested compounds demonstrated broad-spectrum antitumor activity against selected tumor cell lines (MCF-7, BGC-823, A549, and BEL-7402) and no obvious toxicity toward normal cells HL-7702. In particular, compounds 10a and 10f were found to be the most promising antitumor agents among the tested compounds against BGC-823 cells (IC₅₀ = 9.00 μM and 7.89 μM) and BEL-7402 cells (IC₅₀ = 6.70 μM and 7.66 μM), respectively. Compounds 10a and 10f exhibited higher potency against BGC-823 and BEL-7402 than the positive control 5-FU (IC₅₀ = 15.18 μM and 15.81 μM). Further mechanism investigations demonstrated that compounds 10a and 10f could significantly increase the level of cellular ROS and induce early apoptosis of BGC-823 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the DNA binding results from UV/Vis, CD spectroscopy, and molecular docking studies indicated that 10a and 10f bind with DNA via groove binding and partial intercalation. These results demonstrated that 10a and 10f may serve as novel lead compounds for the discovery of more dihydrazone pyrimidine derivatives with improved antitumor potency and selectivity.     

The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Aloe-Emodin-Coumarin Hybrids as Potential Antitumor Agents

A series of novel aloe-emodin–coumarin hybrids were designed and synthesized. The antitumor activity of these derivatives was evaluated against five human tumor cell lines (A549, SGC-7901, HepG2, MCF-7 and HCT-8). Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited moderate to good activity against one or more cell lines. Particularly, compound 5d exhibited more potent antiproliferative activity than the reference drug etoposide against all tested tumor cell lines, indicating that it had a broad spectrum of antitumor activity and that it may provide a promising lead compound for further development as an antitumor agent by structural modification. Furthermore, the structure–activity relationship study of the synthesized compounds was also performed.     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tricyclic Oximino Derivatives as Antitumor Agents

A series of novel alkylthio/sulfinyl-8H-thieno[2,3-b]pyrrolizin-8-oximino derivatives Ⅴ1--Ⅷ15 were designed and synthesized as antitumor agents. Their structures were confirmed using IR, ^1H NMR, elemental analysis, and MS. The antitumor activities of all the target compounds were tested by the MTT method in vitro against Bel-7402, HT-1080, SGC-7901, and A549 Cell Lines. Among them, compound Ⅵ9 displayed a promising antitumor activity superior to that of Cisplatin.     

Synthesis,Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking of Novel Phenylpyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents

Based on our previous researches, a novel phenylpyrimidine pharmacophore model was proposed and fifteen derivatives were synthesized and characterized by means of spectroscopy methods. The inhibitory effects of them were screened against HeLa cell line by virtue of MTT assay in vitro. The results indicate some of the phenylpyrimidine derivatives exhibit potent biological activities. Among them, compounds 6g and 6h exhibit the best activity at half maximal inhibitory concentrations of 1.5 and 2.8 μmol/L, respectively. These compounds also exhibit good activities against HepG2 cell line and MCF-7 cell line. FLT-3 kinase was screened as the most potent molecular target. Computational docking between compound 6g and FLT-3 was carried out to interpret the binding mode. The results show phenylpyrimidine derivatives have effective antitumor activities, which provides a base for further research of them as antitumor agents.     

Design,Synthesis of Novel Thiourea and Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents

1,3‐Bis‐(arylidene)thiourea derivatives ( 11a‐c ) were prepared by reacting thiourea ( 9 ) with bezaldehyde, p‐chlorobenzaldehyde or p‐anisaldehyde ( 10a‐c ) respectively. Further reaction of ( 11b ) with acetyl acetone, ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile and acetic anhydride gave tetrahydropyrimidine‐2‐thiones ( 12‐14 ) and 1,3‐diacetyl thiourea ( 15 ). Compound ( 11b ) reacted with chloroacetyl chloride to give the corresponding pyrimidin‐4‐one derivative ( 16 ). Reaction of ( 12‐14 ) with acetic acid in aqueous sodium nitrite yielded the corresponding oxime derivatives ( 17‐19 ). The triazole ( 20 ) was achieved via refluxing of ( 19 ) in dimethylformamide. Reaction of ( 16 ) with mercaptoacetyl chloride gave the sulfanyl‐acetic acid ( 21 ) which afforded the dihydrazinyl ( 22 ) up on treatment with hydrazine hydrate. Newly synthesized compounds ware characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data (IR, ¹H‐NMR, ¹³C‐NMR and mass spectra). The investigated compounds were screened for their cytotoxicity, i.e. compounds 19 , 20 and 22 exhibited highly potential antitumor activity.     

藤黄酸衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以藤黄酸为原料,经过C-32位选择性环氧化、高碘酸氧化、甲基化、Jones氧化、不同条件的酯化、酰胺化等反应步骤,合成了17个藤黄酸衍生物.所有目标化合物的结构均通过核磁共振谱、红外光谱和质谱证实,并采用MTT比色法对所合成的目标化合物进行了体外抗肿瘤细胞生物活性测试.结果表明,化合物5,7,8,13对人肝癌细胞(HepG2)、人结肠癌细胞(HCT-116)的增殖抑制活性显著强于藤黄酸.     

具有酰基或氨基甲酰基结构的5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)首先由 Duschinsky 和Pleven 合成。作为一种广谱性的抗肿瘤临床药物,其主要缺点是脂溶性小,口服吸收困     

1,2-苯并噻嗪类化合物的设计、合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

依据生物电子等排原理,设计合成了13个全新结构的1,2-苯并噻嗪类化合物,其结构均经IR,1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证.以A431,A549,MDA-MB-468和HL60 4种细胞株为活性筛选对象,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法进行初步的体外抗肿瘤活性研究.结果表明,部分化合物对肿瘤细胞有一定的抑制活性,其中化合物5b对A431具有显著的抑制活性,IC50值为1.57μmol/L,化合物9a对A431,A549和MDA-MB-468 3种细胞株的抑制活性均强于阳性对照药gefitinib.并采用Moe软件对所合成的化合物与表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)结合位点进行对接,以进一步阐释所合成化合物的作用靶标.     

香豆素席夫碱衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

设计合成了18个未见文献报道的含席夫碱结构的香豆素衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,ESI-MS和元素分析确证.体外对人口腔鳞癌细胞KB及多药耐药株KBv200的初步毒性试验表明,化合物4a,4b,5b,3d和4d具有中等的抗肿瘤活性,并对其构效关系进行了讨论.     

Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzothiazole Derivatives Bearing Semicarbazone Moiety as Antitumor Agents

A series of novel benzothiazole derivatives bearing semicarbazone as a linker was designed and synthesized, and their in vitro antitumor activities were evaluated against four cancer cell lines(HT29, H460, A549 and MDA-MB-231). Most of them showed moderate to excellent activity against all the tested cell lines. Among them, compounds 12a―12i with fluoro-substituted benzyl-1H-indole moiety displayed more potent activity than those with phenyl moiety. The most promising compound 12d exhibited excellent antitumor activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.015, 0.28, 1.53 and 0.68 μmol/L against the four tested cell lines respectively.     

Design,Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activities of Diaryl Thiourea Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

Two new series of diaryl thiourea containing sorafenib derivatives 9a – 9t were designed and synthesized, and their antiproliferative activities against PC‐3, HCT116 and MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines were evaluated. All compounds generally showed antiproliferative activity to PC‐3 cells, most of the analogs exhibited potent antiproliferative activity to HCT116 cells, and compounds 9e , 9f , 9o and 9p demonstrated inhibitory activities against all three cell lines. The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were determined by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS.     

吡唑锌配合物的合成、晶体结构及抗肝癌细胞活性

通过溶剂挥发法合成了锌配合物[Zn(Hppo)2(ppo)Cl](1),Hppo=5-苯基-3-羟基吡唑,利用元素分析、FTIR以及X射线衍射法对配合物1进行表征。晶体结构显示配合物属于单斜晶系,P21空间群。检测了配合物1对肝癌细胞HepG2、Hep3B和Huh7的细胞形态与细胞毒性的影响,结果表明配合物1对肿瘤细胞具有明显的抑制作用。     

吡唑锌配合物的合成、晶体结构及抗肝癌细胞活性

通过溶剂挥发法合成了锌配合物[Zn（Hppo）₂（ppo） Cl]（1）,Hppo=5-苯基-3-羟基吡唑,利用元素分析、FTIR以及X射线衍射法对配合物1进行表征。晶体结构显示配合物属于单斜晶系,P2₁空间群。检测了配合物1对肝癌细胞HepG2、Hep3B和Huh7的细胞形态与细胞毒性的影响,结果表明配合物1对肿瘤细胞具有明显的抑制作用。     

Novel Fluorinated 7-Hydroxycoumarin Derivatives Containing an Oxime Ether Moiety: Design,Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Biological Evaluation

A series of fluorinated 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives containing an oxime ether moiety have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activity. All the target compounds were determined by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, FTIR and HR-MS spectra. The single-crystal structures of compounds 4e, 4h, 5h and 6c were further confirmed using X-ray diffraction. The antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea), Alternaria solani (A. solani), Gibberella zeae (G. zeae), Rhizoctorzia solani (R. solani), Colletotrichum orbiculare (C. orbiculare) and Alternaria alternata (A. alternata) were evaluated in vitro. The preliminary bioassays showed that some of the designed compounds displayed the promising antifungal activities against the above tested fungi. Strikingly, the target compounds 5f and 6h exhibited outstanding antifungal activity against B. cinerea at 100 μg/mL, with the corresponding inhibition rates reached 90.1 and 85.0%, which were better than the positive control Osthole (83.6%) and Azoxystrobin (46.5%). The compound 5f was identified as the promising fungicide candidate against B. cinerea with the EC₅₀ values of 5.75 μg/mL, which was obviously better than Osthole (33.20 μg/mL) and Azoxystrobin (64.95 μg/mL). Meanwhile, the compound 5f showed remarkable antifungal activities against R. solani with the EC₅₀ values of 28.96 μg/mL, which was better than Osthole (67.18 μg/mL) and equivalent to Azoxystrobin (21.34 μg/mL). The results provide a significant foundation for the search of novel fluorinated 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives with good antifungal activity.     

新型硫脲化合物的合成与生物活性研究

以异硫氰酸酯为原料合成了5种新化合物，这些化合物结构均经1H NMR，元素分析确定，经生物活性测试，部分化合物具有良好抗烟草花叶病毒活性。     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Laxiflorin J Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents

Laxiflorin J, isolated from the leaves of Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora, showed significant inhibitory activity toward T‐24 cells. A series of laxiflorin J derivatives were synthesized and their in vitro activity was evaluated against BEL‐7402, A‐549, HT‐29, HL‐60, MOLT‐4 tumor cell lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.3 to 42.2 μg mL^?1.     

Novel Pyridothienopyrimidine Derivatives: Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation as Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents

The growing risk of antimicrobial resistance besides the continuous increase in the number of cancer patients represents a great threat to global health, which requires intensified efforts to discover new bioactive compounds to use as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Thus, a new set of pyridothienopyrimidine derivatives 2a,b–9a,b was synthesized via cyclization reactions of 3-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamides 1a,b with different reagents. All new compounds were evaluated against five bacterial and five fungal strains. Many of the target compounds showed significant antimicrobial activity. In addition, the new derivatives were further subjected to cytotoxicity evaluation against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The most potent cytotoxic candidates (3a, 4a, 5a, 6b, 8b and 9b) were examined as EGFR kinase inhibitors. Molecular docking study was also performed to explore the binding modes of these derivatives at the active site of EGFR-PK. Compounds 3a, 5a and 9b displayed broad spectrum antimicrobial activity with MIC ranges of 4–16 µg/mL and potent cytotoxic activity with IC₅₀ ranges of 1.17–2.79 µM. In addition, they provided suppressing activity against EGFR with IC₅₀ ranges of 7.27–17.29 nM, higher than that of erlotinib, IC₅₀ = 27.01 nM.