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为了进一步了解不锈钢钝化膜与过钝化膜的性质,本文对比研究了在不同电位下极化处理后304不锈钢样品的点蚀及表面膜性质,发现空白对照组样品的点蚀电位和1.1 V过钝化处理后样品的点蚀电位相近,而0.5 V钝化处理后样品的点蚀电位较高. 扫描Kelvin探针(SKP)实验结果也验证了这一现象. 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果显示,空白对照组样品表面只呈现一般样品抛光后形貌;0.5 V钝化处理后的样品表面被颗粒状钝化膜所覆盖,该膜层决定了样品具有较好的耐蚀性;而1.1 V过钝化处理后的样品表面出现裂缝,导致不锈钢基体继续发生严重的局部腐蚀,可能成为过钝化膜保护性变差的主要原因. 相似文献
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聚吡咯/聚苯胺复合型导电聚合物防腐蚀性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用循环伏安法,在含吡咯和苯胺的0.3 mol/L草酸水溶液中制备了聚吡咯/聚苯胺(PPy/Pani)的复合型导电聚合膜。采用红外光谱、极化曲线、自腐蚀电位-时间曲线、扫描电子显微镜和电化学阻抗谱研究了共聚膜的防腐蚀性能。结果表明,在1 mol/L H2SO4中,PPy、Pani与不锈钢基体发生氧化还原反应,促进不锈钢表面发生钝化;当苯胺与吡咯浓度比为1∶3时,制备得到的复合型导电聚合膜所保护的不锈钢自腐蚀电流最小,自腐蚀电位最高,保护时间最长。PPy、Pani及其共聚膜在3.5%NaCl溶液中电化学阻抗谱表明,所制备的PPy、Pani及其共聚物膜与不锈钢基体发生氧化还原反应,使其表面钝化;当Cl-到达不锈钢表面时,破坏钝化膜导致不锈钢腐蚀。 相似文献
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不锈钢钝化膜耐蚀性与半导体特性的关联研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
通过极化曲线、交流阻抗谱和钝化膜半导体特性等电化学测量,研究了经电化学阳极氧化处理的不锈钢钝化膜在0.5 mol•L-1 NaCl溶液中耐蚀性能与其半导体特性的关系,进一步探索电化学改性处理不锈钢钝化膜的耐蚀机理. 结果表明,不锈钢钝化膜在负于平带电位范围表现为p型半导体,在高于平带电位范围表现为n型半导体,这主要与组成钝化膜的Fe和Cr氧化物半导体性质有关. 与自然条件下形成的不锈钢钝化膜比较,发现经过电化学阳极氧化后不锈钢钝化膜具有较低的施主与受主浓度,平带电位负移,说明阴离子在钝化膜表面发生吸附. 低的施主与受主浓度及钝化膜表面负电荷的增强,可有效排斥侵蚀性Cl-在钝化膜表面的特性吸附,有利于提高不锈钢的耐局部腐蚀性能. 相似文献
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18/8型不锈钢在受力形变条件下腐蚀电化学行为的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
应用电化学稳态技术、电化交流阻、抗微区电化学技术及扫描电等方法,研究18/8型不锈钢在Na2S2O3稀溶液中,受外力形变条件下,的腐蚀电化学行为,结果表明,力学因素可使表面腐蚀电化学活性增加,表面微裂纹的发生、消失和再钝化的动态过程,同时受电位和拉应力的影响;点腐蚀可优先发生在应力集中位置,点蚀的发展可能诱导不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂。 相似文献
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Fe基合金钝化膜点蚀敏感性的电化学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用电位扫描、交流阻抗、电化学噪声等方法研究Fe及其合金在中性水溶液中钝化膜的形成过程、电子性质和点蚀敏感性以及不同微组织结构间的相互作用.结果表明:由Mott-Schot tky关系式确定钝化膜的电子性质仅限于较窄的低电位范围;在较高电位下,电容倒数与电位的线性关系当归因于钝化膜厚度的变化;反映钝化膜缺陷的电子性质与合金的点蚀敏感性有关,钝化膜电子供给体浓度越高,点蚀倾向越强。钝化膜的电子性质受钝化膜形成电位、钝化剂种类以及合金的微组织结构影响;不同微组织结构之间存在相互作用,这种相互作用能够诱导缺陷较大的一方发生点蚀。铁素体与珠光体和/或马素体相互作用时,点蚀在铁素体形成和发展. 相似文献
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采用循环极化、微生物分析法、扫描电镜及表面能谱分析等方法,研究了磁场对316L不锈钢在含硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,磁场可以抑制SRB的生长;未外加磁场时316L不锈钢表面膜层以局部堆积为主,加有磁场时,局部堆积明显减小,膜层均匀致密的排列于基体表面;无论有或没有外加磁场,316L不锈钢表面均发生钝化膜破裂型点蚀,未外加磁场时的点蚀电位低于加有磁场时的。在相同的浸泡时间,未外加磁场时循环极化滞后环面积明显比加有磁场时的大,说明磁场可以有效抑制316L不锈钢点蚀的形成与发展,降低316L不锈钢的点蚀诱发能力。 相似文献
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基于电化学噪声技术建立了不锈钢海洋大气点蚀监测系统,利用该系统对处于干湿循环环境下不锈钢的点蚀行为进行监测. 使用时域谱图、时域统计、频域谱图和散粒噪声理论等分析方法对采集到的电化学噪声数据进行处理分析,并结合动电位极化法,形貌分析法共同研究不锈钢的点蚀行为. 研究结果表明,304不锈钢在模拟海洋大气环境下的点蚀行为分为钝化、亚稳态点蚀和稳态点蚀三个阶段. 在钝化阶段,电位电流噪声信号出现少量的同步异向波动,腐蚀事件发生频率高,平均电量低;在亚稳态点蚀阶段,电位电流噪声信号出现大量的同步同向波动,腐蚀事件发生频率降低,平均电量上升,通过扫描电镜观察蚀点;在稳态点蚀阶段,电位电流噪声信号不仅存在大量的同步同向波动,还出现了同步异向波动,腐蚀事件发生频率较低,平均电量大幅度上升,通过扫描电镜观察到电极表面出现小而浅的蚀点. 而动电位极化法可以证实304不锈钢点蚀的发生. 两种分析方法所得结果具有较好的一致性,证明该监测系统很好地实现了对模拟海洋大气环境下304不锈钢点蚀行为的连续监测,并能判断点蚀的发生. 相似文献
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《Electrochemistry communications》2007,9(1):76-82
In the present paper we show that a significant improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of a biomedical grade stainless steel, 316LVM, can be achieved by the formation of a surface passive oxide film under cyclic potentiodyanamic polarization (passivation) conditions. A complete absence of pitting in physiological simulating solutions was demonstrated, while the electrochemically formed passive film maintained its very high pitting resistance even at higher chloride concentrations in the bulk solution. The improvement in the film’s pitting corrosion resistance was correlated with its semiconducting properties. 相似文献
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Maria Jesus Jimnez‐Come Ignacio J. Turias Juan Jesus Ruiz‐Aguilar Francisco J. Trujillo 《Journal of Chemometrics》2014,28(3):181-191
The breakdown potential is a crucial factor in the study of pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel. This work aims to demonstrate the advantage of different chemometric techniques to estimate the breakdown potential of austenitic stainless steel. In order to predict pitting corrosion behaviour of stainless steel, a total of 60 samples of this alloy were subjected to electrochemical tests varying chloride ion concentration, pH and temperature. The experimental values of the breakdown potential, in addition to the tested environmental factors, were used to construct the predictive models based on support vector machines and artificial neural networks. A multiple‐comparison study based on statistic tests was applied to determine the optimal configuration for each technique. According to the results, support vector machines became a suitable and reliable technique to be applied in the modelling of the breakdown potential of austenitic stainless steels. This technique outperformed the models based on artificial neural networks and provided a useful tool to compare the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel in different environmental conditions without recourse to polarization tests. Therefore, this model presented a relevant meaning in science and engineering applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Electrochemistry methods were used to investigate the influence of pH on the passive film and corrosion behavior of ultrahigh strength AM355 stainless steel in chloride-containing media. Analysis of the Pourbaix diagram indicates that AM355 stainless steel exhibits higher corrosion resistance in natural and near-natural environments than that in acidic and alkaline conditions. Electrochemistry measurements and composition analysis of the passive film show that pitting potential increased due to the enhanced repassivation capacity of AM355 stainless steel with increasing pH. The mixed MnS/oxide inclusions are the main pitting sensitive locations under all conditions. Morphological observations and energy-dispersive spectroscopy showed that the influence of the gap between the martensitic laths is significant with increasing pH. The inclusions, element concentrations, and microstructures weaken the resistance of ultrahigh-strength martensitic AM355 stainless steel against corrosion. 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(7):1162-1181
The electrochemical behavior of 304-stainless steel in solutions with different pH values and chloride concentrations was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and a nonlinear Mott-Schottky analysis method. The results showed that the corrosion behavior of 304-stainless steel was affected by various factors, such as pH, chloride ion concentration, and dissolved oxygen. The pit initiation and propagation stage were observed in EIS plots through the addition of sodium chloride. In addition, the effect of pH on the passive film dominated one of the film growth kinetic reactions. The effect of chloride ion concentration was caused by the generation of more cation vacancies, leading the passive film more susceptible to pitting, which was also demonstrated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The results are consistent with the point defect model. 相似文献
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C. Hubschmid D. Landolt H. J. Mathieu 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1995,353(3-4):234-239
Corrosion resistance of stainless steel is due to the presence of a thin passive film of typically 1–2 nm thickness. The influence of ternary alloying elements on the composition of passive films on Fe-Cr alloys and their pitting corrosion resistance has been investigated. Iron-chromium alloys were analyzed by XPS and AES with model alloys (Fe-25Cr-X with X = at % Mo, Si, V and Nb) formed in sulphate solution in the presence and absence of chloride ions. All ternary alloying elements increase the pitting potential compared to the corresponding binary alloy. Films formed in chloride containing sulphate solution contain both electrolyte anions. Scanning Auger microscopy reveals that for a two phase system such as Fe-25Cr-11Nb, the dendritic phase is enriched with chromium, while essentially all of the niobium is located in the interdendritic eutectic. 相似文献
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Corrosion resistance of stainless steel is due to the presence of a thin passive film of typically 1-2 nm thickness. The influence of ternary alloying elements on the composition of passive films on Fe-Cr alloys and their pitting corrosion resistance has been investigated. Iron-chromium alloys were analyzed by XPS and AES with model alloys (Fe-25Cr-X with X = at % Mo, Si, V and Nb) formed in sulphate solution in the presence and absence of chloride ions. All ternary alloying elements increase the pitting potential compared to the corresponding binary alloy. Films formed in chloride containing sulphate solution contain both electrolyte anions. Scanning Auger microscopy reveals that for a two phase system such as Fe-25Cr-11Nb, the dendritic phase is enriched with chromium, while essentially all of the niobium is located in the interdendritic eutectic. 相似文献
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不锈钢过钝化和后处理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在载波钝化膜研究中,我们注意到能使钝化膜稳定性显著提高的载波幅值正半周都进入到不锈钢过钝化区中,因而推断在过钝化区生成的过钝化膜在低电位区自然状态下的稳定性也可能会有所提高。本文报道对过钝化膜的进一步研究。 相似文献