单电子原子模型势中粒子的双波函数描述

运用双波函数量子理论,给出了单电子原子模型势中粒子的双波函数描述.结果表明运用双波函数描述的是单个粒子的运动,并将通常的量子力学描述结果作为系综统计平均值包含在其中.     

Brans-Dicke理论中静态球对称引力场的de Broglie-Bohm量子化

将量子力学的deBroglieBohm(dBB)解释引入BransDicke(BD)理论中.在小超空间近似下,求出了Brans类型1量子黑洞的波函数.利用dBB解释求得Brans类型1的量子轨迹和量子势.在量子黑洞背景几何上,研究了径向光的行为.发现Brans类型1量子化后的黑洞“温度”是奇异的.另外,由于BD引力理论在BD参数ω趋于无穷大时应与广义相对论等价,因而Schwarzschild黑洞在dBB量子化后“温度”也是奇异的.这似乎意味着dBB量子化不能应用于黑洞. 关键词： deBroglie-Bohm解释 Brans-Dicke引力理论 量子轨迹 小超空间近似     

一维抛物势场中单电子量子比特的性质

根据-维抛物势场中单电子能量本征波函数的特点,以基态和第二激发态波函数构造一个量子比特,并研究量子比特的性质.数值计算表明,量子比特内电子的概率密度随空间坐标和时间的变化而变化,在平衡位置概率密度幅值最大,在其他位置相对较小;且各个空间点的概率密度均随时间做周期性振荡,振荡周期完全由抛物势场的性质决定.     

精确的量子化条件和不变量

提出并证明了一维量子系统和三维球对称量子系统的一个精确的量子化条件.在此精确量子化条件中, 除了通常的Nπ项外, 还有一积分项, 称为修正项. 发现该修正项正是在超对称量子力学中所谓的有形状不变势的量子系统的一个不变量，它不依赖于波函数的节点数.对这些系统, 可用基态能级和波函数确定此不变量的值, 从而由精确的量子化条件容易算出全部束缚态的能级. 计算得到能级的正确性又反过来验证了在有形状不变势的量子系统中此修正项确实是不变量.计算的有形状不变势的量子系统, 包括一维的有限方势阱、Morse势及其变形、R 关键词： 量子化条件 超对称量子力学 形状不变势 不变量     

有源RLC电路量子化的双波描述

采用正则变换量子化以及规范变换方案,得到有源RLC电路量子化哈密顿算符及其波函数.引入双波函数描述其量子状态,得到了电荷、电流等物理量的时间演化方程.对有源RLC电路给出更完整的描述.     

量子理论新方法研究光的双缝衍射

用量子理论新方法研究光的双缝衍射实验现象,首先用光的量子理论计算光在缝中双缝衍射的波函数,再由基尔霍夫定律计算光的衍射波函数,由衍射强度正比于衍射波函数模方,从而得到光双缝衍射强度的解析式,把量子理论计算结果和经典电磁理论计算结果以及与实验数据三者进行比较,发现量子理论结果与实验数据符合更好,而经典电磁理论计算结果与实验有一定偏差.从而说明量子理论更能精确解释光的衍射现象.该方法还可进一步研究光的单缝、多缝以及光栅衍射的实验现象.     

库仑势加新环形势的相对论束缚态

在标量势等于矢量势的条件下，获得了库仑势加新环形势的Klein-Gordon方程和Dirac方程的束缚态的精确解. 对于Klein-Gordon方程，获得了精确的能谱方程和归一化的波函数. 对于Dirac方程，给出了精确的能谱方程和归一化的旋量波函数. 关键词： 库仑势加新环形势 束缚态 精确解     

Hartmann势的Klein-Gordon方程束缚态解及递推关系

给出了在Hartmann型标量势与矢量势相等的条件下其Klein-Gordon方程束缚态解.结果表明 ，径向波函数可用广义Laguerre多项式表示，其角向波函数可用Legendre多项式表示.另外 ，给出了径向波函数关于角量子数l和量子数n的二类新递推关系. 关键词： Hartmann势 Klein-Gorgon方程 束缚态 递推关系     

Hartmann势加新环型势的相对论束缚态解(英文)

在矢势与标势相等的情况下,对Hartmann势加新环型势的Klein-Gordon方程精确求解.给出了归一化的角向和径向波函数,同时获得了能谱方程.     

浅杂质势与窄量子阱的耦合作用

本文采用一种新的变分波函数描述GaAs/Ga_1-xAl_xAs窄量子阱中的浅施主基态,并计算了杂质基态波函数和结合能。计算所得数值结果表明正确考虑窄量子阱与杂质势间的耦合作用是极为重要的。 关键词：     

Adding dissipation to the Schrödinger equation from the quantum-potential viewpoint

We discuss methods of adding dissipation to the Schrödinger equation in light of the quantum-potential interpretation of quantum mechanics. This favors nonlinear equations in general and Kostin's Schrödinger-Langevin equation in particular. We give a simple example, the damping of small coherent oscillations.     

Interpreting Quantum Particles as Conceptual Entities

We elaborate an interpretation of quantum physics founded on the hypothesis that quantum particles are conceptual entities playing the role of communication vehicles between material entities composed of ordinary matter which function as memory structures for these quantum particles. We show in which way this new interpretation gives rise to a natural explanation for the quantum effects of interference and entanglement by analyzing how interference and entanglement emerge for the case of human concepts. We put forward a scheme to derive a metric based on similarity as a predecessor for the structure of ‘space, time, momentum, energy’ and ‘quantum particles interacting with ordinary matter’ underlying standard quantum physics, within the new interpretation, and making use of aspects of traditional quantum axiomatics. More specifically, we analyze how the effect of non-locality arises as a consequence of the confrontation of such an emerging metric type of structure and the remaining presence of the basic conceptual structure on the fundamental level, with the potential of being revealed in specific situations.     

引力场中标量粒子波方程的玻姆量子势描述

对于引力场中标量粒子的Klein-Gordon方程,在引入玻姆量子势后,可写出类似于经典粒子的轨道运动方程,继而可表示成重新定义的度规空间中的测地线方程。     

Most probable and average energy losses of the beam of monoenergetic charge particles with average and low energies at multiple scattering

The results of statistical modeling of the discrete process of multiple inelastic scattering are presented. This process is modeled to find the most probable and average energy losses of a beam of charged particles (electrons and protons) passing through a material layer with a given thickness. The proposed approach is based on determining the most probable energy loss at single small-angle scattering, on including the effect of the statistical probability on this quantity at multiple scattering, and on determining the average number of inelastic interactions for particles in a film with a known thickness. The dependence of the particle energy lost during interaction with atomic electrons on their relative motion is taken into account for low-energy particles. A new interpretation is offered for the parameter J in the logarithmic term in the formulas for the average and most probable energy losses of charged particles. A computational scheme for this parameter as an average potential energy of atomic electrons is given.     

A New Proxy Electronic Voting Scheme Achieved by Six-Particle Entangled States

In this paper, we use quantum proxy signature to construct a new secret electronic voting scheme. In our scheme, six particles entangled states function as quantum channels. The voter Alice, the Vote Management Center Bob, the scrutineer Charlie only perform two particles measurements on the Bell bases to realize the electronic voting process. So the scheme reduces the technical difficulty and increases operation efficiency. We use quantum key distribution and one-time pad to guarantee its unconditional security. The significant advantage of our scheme is that transmitted information capacity is twice as much as the capacity of other schemes.     

Optical theorem in curved space-time quantum field theory

A structural analysis is given of the optical theorem in theS-matrix approach to mutually interacting quantum fields in classical Robertson-Walker universes. As a case study, theφψ ²-interaction of conformally coupled massive (φ) and massless (φ) Klein-Gordon particles is studied. Based on the outgoing massless particles as indicator configuration, the physical interpretation is reduced to the corresponding added-up probabilities. Several examples are discussed in an in-in scheme which has the advantage that only a few non-Minkowskian in-in Feynman diagrams are involved.     

A conservative scheme for the relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system

A new scheme for numerical integration of the 1D2V relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system is proposed. Assuming that all particles in a cell of the phase space move with the same velocity as that of the particle located at the center of the cell at the beginning of each time step, we successfully integrate the system with no artificial loss of particles. Furthermore, splitting the equations into advection and interaction parts, the method conserves the sum of the kinetic energy of particles and the electromagnetic energy. Three test problems, the gyration of particles, the Weibel instability, and the wakefield acceleration, are solved by using our scheme. We confirm that our scheme can reproduce analytical results of the problems. Though we deal with the 1D2V relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system, our method can be applied to the 2D3V and 3D3V cases.     

Comment on quarks and gluons at small x and the SDIS factorization scheme

I present some comments on the partonic interpretation of the HERA data on the proton structure function. The effects of the resummation of the leading and next-to-leading ln x-contributions are discussed. A new factorization scheme, in which these resummation effects are absorbed into a steep redefinition of the gluon density, is introduced and its (possible) interpretation and phenomenological relevance are suggested.     

Teleportation for an Ionic Entangled Internal State by Entanglement Swapping

We present an effective scheme to teleport an unknown ionic entangled internal state via trapped ions without joint Bell-state measurement. In the constructed quantum channel process, we adopt entanglement swapping to avoid decrease of entanglement during the distribution of particles. Thus our scheme provides new prospects for quantum teleportation over longer distance. The distinct advantages of our scheme are that our scheme is insensitive to heating of vibrational mode and can be generalized to teleport an N-ion electronic entangled GHZ class state. Furthermore, in our scheme the success probability can reach 1.