共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
本文利用强场近似理论研究了氢负离子在少周期激光场中的解离过程. 在计算中采用了数值积分和鞍点近似两种计算方法并得到了一致的结果. 更为重要的是, 利用鞍点法对激光脉冲中不同时刻解离产生的电子波包之间的干涉效应进行了研究, 发现光电子动量谱的主要结构是电子波包间的周期间干涉和周期内干涉共同作用的结果, 并分析了周期内和周期间干涉效应对光电子能量谱的影响. 最后, 讨论了激光脉宽对周期内和周期间干涉效应的影响. 本文的工作对进一步了解负离子光解离过程中的量子干涉效应和利用光场对其进行调控方面的研究具有意义. 相似文献
2.
V. K. Lyapidevskii A. B. Milent’ev A. I. Mis’kevich V. N. Sysoev 《Technical Physics》2000,45(12):1581-1588
The physical processes occurring during the detection of individual ions in a wire counter filled with atmospheric air are studied, and the amplitude distribution of electric pulses is measured. It is shown that a positive ion is detected due to electron emission from the surface of a negatively charged wire, whereas a negative ion is detected due to electron detachment near a positively charged wire. The secondary processes accompanying the neutralization of positive ions at a negatively charged external electrode and negatively charged wire are considered. It is established that, in contrast to standard proportional counters, these secondary processes result in an increase in the number of electric pulses rather than in an increase in the electric pulse amplitude. The wire counter allows the detection of both ions produced inside the detector and ions injected into the detector from the ambient air. Possible applications of air-filled wire detectors are described. 相似文献
3.
4.
Probe Measurements in Electronegative Plasmas: Modeling the Perturbative Effects of the Probe‐Holder
A. A. Kudryavtsev V. I. Demidov C. A. DeJoseph Jr. S. F. Adams K. Yu. Serditov 《等离子体物理论文集》2009,49(6):373-380
A basic property of an electronegative plasma is its separation into two distinct regions: an ion‐ion region far from boundaries, where the densities of positive and negative ions are higher then electron density, and a near‐boundary electron‐ion region, where negative ions have practically negligible density. This is due to the influence of the ambipolar electric field, which depends on electron (not negative ion) plasma parameters. This electric field “holds off” negative ions from the boundary, as the ions have lower mobility and temperature compared to the electrons. Therefore, negative ions will be repelled by any object inserted into the plasma. This can lead to errors in measurements of negative ion and electron parameters by any invasive method. Numerical modeling of electric probes in an argon‐oxygen plasma clearly demonstrates possible errors of direct measurements of negative ion probe current. This can also affect results from the photo‐detachment method and direct measurements of negative ion energy distribution (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
5.
E. Hasović A. Kramo D. B. Milošević 《The European physical journal. Special topics》2008,160(1):205-216
We analyze strong-laser-field induced above-threshold
ionization and above-threshold detachment processes within the
strong-field approximation. Energy and angular distribution of
photoelectrons are presented for two cases: (1) high-order
above-threshold ionization of electrons from neutral atoms by a
linearly polarized laser field and (2) above-threshold detachment of
electrons from negative ions by a bicircular laser field. In
particular, for the case (1) we compare the results obtained using a
long pulse with the flat-top spatial intensity distribution in the
laser focus with the results obtained using the Gaussian
distribution. We also analyze the intensity-dependent
resonant-like enhancements. We show that the position and shape of these enhancements strongly
depend on the atomic ground state parity. The bicircular field of
the case (2) consists of two counter-rotating circularly polarized
fields having the frequencies rω and sω with integer
r and s. The properties of the photoelectron spectra generated
by such bicircular field are illustrated using an
ω–4ω example. The spectra obtained are explained in
terms of the interference of partial detachment amplitudes which
correspond to different complex solutions of the saddle-point
equations. 相似文献
6.
V. Meden J. Fricke C. Wöhler K. Schönhammer 《Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter》1995,99(3):357-365
We present the exact solution for the time evolution of the electron and phonon momentum distribution for a one-dimensional polaron model with alinear electronic energy dispersion. The electron momentum distribution is shown to obey aMarkovian quantum kinetic equation. Numerical results for the polaron model are compared to the corresponding exact results, when the negative momentum states are filled in the initial state. The presence of this Fermi sea modifies the dynamics except in the short time regime. The different, long time dynamics might show up in comparison of hot electron relaxation of undoped and doped semiconductors. 相似文献
7.
V. Meden J. Fricke C. Wöhler K. Schönhammer 《Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter》1995,99(1):357-365
We present the exact solution for the time evolution of the electron and phonon momentum distribution for a one-dimensional
polaron model with alinear electronic energy dispersion. The electron momentum distribution is shown to obey aMarkovian quantum kinetic equation. Numerical results for the polaron model are compared to the corresponding exact results, when the
negative momentum states are filled in the initial state. The presence of this Fermi sea modifies the dynamics except in the
short time regime. The different, long time dynamics might show up in comparison of hot electron relaxation of undoped and
doped semiconductors. 相似文献
8.
报道了放电引发的非链式HF(DF)激光器中的激活介质由电子碰撞负离子分离引起的电离非稳定性。这种非稳性出现在电极空间分离、脉冲CO2激光加热的基于sF6的混合气体的大体积放电中。实验研究了自引发体放电过程中由激光加热引起的放电等离子体的自组织现象以及由此在放电间隙的大部分区域形成的准周期等离子体结构。重点分析了等离子体结构随气体温度和注入能量的变化,讨论了等离子体自组织对电子碰撞分离不稳定性所产生的影响,解释了混合气体中由于电子碰撞使负离子消失导致的单等离子体通道移动的产生机理。 相似文献
9.
本文通过数值求解动量空间的三维含时薛定谔方程, 研究了原子高激发态在高频激光脉冲作用下, 在电离阈值附近的光电子能谱和两维动量角分布. 研究结果表明: 在该能量范围内, 单光子电离过程的贡献是最主要的. 体系初态的主量子数可以由光电子能谱峰值的位置来确定; 体系初态的角量子数可以通过光电子的两维动量角度分布确定. 在比较宽泛的参数范围内, 这一规律不随入射激光的强度和脉冲时间宽度的改变而改变, 因此原则上可以利用它对原子的初态进行识别. 此外, 还研究了体系的初态为相干叠加态, 光电子动量谱随着叠加态相对相位的变化规律.
关键词:
阈上电离
激发态
高频激光脉冲
两维动量角度分布 相似文献
10.
A closed analytical expression is obtained for the momentum distribution of photoelectrons from the ionization of atoms or ions by an ultrashort laser pulse. This formula is applied to analyze some models of electromagnetic pulses and the interference effect in the ionization probability. 相似文献
11.
We present a study of the effect of laser pulse temporal profile on the energy /momentum acquired by the ions as a result of the ultraintense laser pulse focussed on a thin plasma layer in the radiation pressure-dominant (RPD) regime. In the RPD regime, the plasma foil is pushed by ultraintense laser pulse when the radiation cannot propagate through the foil, while the electron and ion layers move together. The nonlinear character of laser–matter interaction is exhibited in the relativistic frequency shift, and also change in the wave amplitude as the EM wave gets reflected by the relativistically moving thin dense plasma layer. Relativistic effects in a high-energy plasma provide matching conditions that make it possible to exchange very effectively ordered kinetic energy and momentum between the EM fields and the plasma. When matter moves at relativistic velocities, the efficiency of the energy transfer from the radiation to thin plasma foil is more than 30% and in ultrarelativistic case it approaches one. The momentum /energy transfer to the ions is found to depend on the temporal profile of the laser pulse. Our numerical results show that for the same laser and plasma parameters, a Lorentzian pulse can accelerate ions upto 0.2 GeV within 10 fs which is 1.5 times larger than that a Gaussian pulse can. 相似文献
12.
Weber T Khayyat K Dörner R Rodríguez VD Mergel V Jagutzki O Schmidt L Müller KA Afaneh F Gonzalez A Schmidt-Böcking H 《Physical review letters》2001,86(2):224-227
We report on the experimental observation of an abrupt rise in the longitudinal momentum distribution of recoil ions created in proton helium collision. The details of this structure can be related to electrons traveling with the velocity of the projectile [electron capture to the continuum (ECC)]. The longitudinal as well as the transverse distribution of the recoil ions can be explained as a continuation of the momentum distribution from ions resulting from electron capture illustrating the smooth transition from the capture to bound states of the projectile to the ECC. 相似文献
13.
We present a model-independent theory for laser detachment of a weakly bound electron having a nonzero angular momentum. Our treatment reduces to the well-known Keldysh result for tunnel ionization upon neglecting rescattering effects. Numerical results for the above-threshold detachment spectrum of a negative ion having an outer p electron show significant modification of the rescattering plateau as compared to that for an ion having an outer s electron. 相似文献
14.
Direct detachment of an electron bound by a regularized zero-range potential is reinvestigated. For the definition of the S-matrix amplitude for detachment, the wave function of the electron after the laser pulse has passed through is projected on an exact scattering state of the zero-range potential rather than a plane-wave state, which is normally used. The exact scattering state generates an additional contribution to the amplitude, which leads to an isotropic term in the angle-resolved energy spectrum. 相似文献
15.
Using a classical ensemble method, we have investigated sequential double ionization (SDI) of Ar atoms driven by elliptical laser pulses. The results show that the ion momentum distribution of the Ar atoms depends strongly on the pulse duration. As the pulse duration increases, the ion momentum distribution changes from two bands to four bands and then to six bands and finally to an eight-band structure. Back analysis of double ionization trajectories shows that the variation of the band structure originates from pulse duration dependent multiple ionization bursts of the second electron. Our calculations indicate that the subcycle electron emission in the SDI could be more easily accessed by using elliptical laser pulses with a longer wavelength. Moreover, we show that there is good correspondence between the scaled radial momentum and the ionization time. 相似文献
16.
Anthony JM Garrett 《Contemporary Physics》2013,54(2):163-165
The dynamic electronic structure of atoms and molecules can be directly observed by means of the (e, 2e) reaction, which measures the distribution of energies and momenta of two electrons in coincidence after a knockout reaction initiated by an electron beam of known momentum incident on a molecular gas target. The molecular state for each event is identified by the electron separation energy. The recoil momentum for each event is known from the difference of measured initial and final momenta. It has been verified that values of this momentum are equal under suitable conditions to the momentum of the electron in the target immediately before knockout. Thus the spherically-averaged electron momentum distribution for each molecular orbital is measured. This is directly related to molecular orbitals calculated by the methods of quantum chemistry. Properties obtained by this method for different types of molecules are discussed. 相似文献
17.
C. Giannetti G. Ferrini S. Pagliara G. Galimberti F. Banfi E. Pedersoli F. Parmigiani 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,53(1):121-125
The non-linear photoelectron spectra obtained by short
laser pulses from a Ag(100) surface show a high-energy electron
emission due to an athermal electron distribution created by the
laser pulse. By comparing the photoemission at normal and
non-normal emission geometry it is possible to evidence the
independence of the hot electron photoemission on the parallel
momentum and on different final-state configurations. A
photoemission correlation measurement evidences that
non-photoelectric effects, as tunneling or thermally assisted
photoemission, do not contribute to the electron yield. Various
theoretical models are discussed on the basis of the present
data. 相似文献
18.
对超短超强激光脉冲在大气中传播时形成的电离通道的寿命进行了理论研究.综合考虑了通道中自由电子,正离子,负离子的复合,自由电子和中性分子的吸附以及在后续 激光作用下的退吸附过程.推导出了退吸附激光强度恒定时通道中带电离子密度的速率方程 的解析解.计算结果表明,通过引入退吸附激光抑制电子和中性分子的吸附作用能够在微秒 的时间尺度上将电子密度维持在1012—1013cm-3的水平,在相同的波长 和平均功率下,短脉冲序列的退吸附效果要略好于连续激光
关键词:
等离子体通道
复合
吸附
退吸附
寿命 相似文献
19.
本文采用与经典轨道蒙特卡罗方法(CTMC)不同的方法,利用精确的量子力学氢原子的波函数,抽样氢原子中电子的位置及动量分布,而不是用经典轨道抽样的办法。仔细计算了H^+,He^2^+,Li^3^+,C^6^+,O^8^+,Ne^1^0^+,Si^1^4^+等全裸离子与氢原子碰撞过程中的电子俘获及电离截面,并给出被俘获后的电子在入射裸离子中的壳层分布图象,实际计算表明,其结果是令人满意的,特别是俘获截 相似文献