湿度计量标准平台的研制

研制了湿度计量标准平台,包括精密露点测量、标准湿度发生、湿度传感器测试校准装置3个系统。各系统通过计算机软件控制,能够按照设定步骤工作,既可完成对常规湿度测量仪器的检定测试,又可对智能湿度传感器进行通讯并对其校准。     

一体化湿度校准装置的研制

介绍一体化湿度校准装置的原理、实现方法和性能特点。根据分流法原理研制湿度发生单元,根据露点法原理研制湿度控制单元,通过软硬件系统实现闭环控制,组成一体化的湿度校准装置。对其测量不确定度进行了评定,在露点–50~20℃范围内,扩展不确定度U=0.3℃(k=2);在露点–70~–50℃范围内,扩展不确定度U=0.5℃(k=2)。该装置具有自动化程度高、量值准确可靠、平衡时间短、便于移动或携带等特点,能够扩展分流法湿度发生器的应用领域。     

便携式湿度发生器的研制

介绍一种便携分流式湿度发生器的工作原理及研制过程。该便携式湿度发生器利用分流法湿度发生原理,采用微控制器和质量流量控制技术实现了自动发生不同流量、不同露点气体的功能,可为露点测试仪检定和校准提供动态标准湿度气体。通过验证试验证明,该装置测量准确可靠。     

全国化工标准物质委员会标准物质研究开发中心

<正>国防科技工业应用化学一级计量站差示扫描量热仪温度检定/校准用系列标准物质[GBW(E)130174-130177]该系列国家标准物质由正辛烷、正十八烷、硫酸银、石英砂组成。采用高精度凝固点测量装置和相变温度测量装置定值。除能用于差示扫描量热仪(DSC)在-57℃、28℃、426℃及573℃区域的温度校准或检定外,还可用于热机械分析仪(TMA)、热膨胀仪及动态热机械分析仪(DMA)在相应温区的温度校准。该系     

便携式标准湿度发生器干气装置的研制

介绍了一种为混合法标准湿度发生器提供干燥气源的可再生重复使用的干气装置。混合法湿度发生器在湿度发生原理上需要一股干气源,本装置克服了以往大多干燥装置体积大、质量大、输出气体霜点温度值偏高等缺点,采用分级干燥和变色指示的方法,体积小、质量小、可重复使用、便于携带,其输出干燥气霜点温度可达-70℃以下。     

口腔气体检测仪校准装置的研制

利用研制的三通道渗透管装置发生摩尔分数范围为0.1~1.0μmol/mol的硫化氢、甲基硫醇、二甲基硫醚混合气体,用于校准检测口腔气体检测仪。校准装置可以在固定输出总流量不变的情况下,快速改变发生硫化物的摩尔分数。对校准装置的温控系统和流量系统进行了测试,通过总硫分析仪对校准装置发生的低含量硫化物的量值进行了比较和验证。该校准装置发生的低含量硫化物量的相对扩展不确定度不大于6.8%(k=2)。     

为海军提供湿度计量标准装置

国防科工委化学计量一级站为满足海军武器装置对湿度计量器具检定工作的需要,经过一年多的努力,研制安装了八台湿度计量标准装置(SB—94A湿度发生器),并于1995—03—25提交海军航空工程学院验收,经逐台测试,一次验收合格。该产品是     

电解法微量溶解氧分析仪校准装置的研制

基于法拉第电解定律研制电解法微量溶解氧分析仪校准装置。利用理论计算确定校准装置的技术指标及水中微量溶解氧浓度的不确定度,经与比色法比对,该装置用于校准微量溶解氧分析仪的可行性得到验证。     

在线酸度仪校准装置的研制

为了提高在线酸度监测仪表的计量精度,使计量校准实现动态测量,研究了在线式酸度监测仪的校准方法,并根据校准方法研制了一种在线动态计量检定校准装置,该装置利用国家一级标准物质进行量值传递。整套装置模拟了在线酸度仪的工作状态,工作流速30－250mL／min,校准结果的不确定度为0．01pH,满足校准的要求。     

分流式湿度发生器温度控制系统的设计

采用控制加热的方法对分流式湿度发生器的增湿饱和器进行精密的温度控制。介绍了增湿饱和器的结构及温度控制电路、温度控制软件的设计要点。通过精密控制增湿饱和器的温度，减少了环境温度变化对分流式湿度发生器输出湿度的影响，提高了湿度校准的准确度。     

痕量氡气测量仪器自动标定装置的研制

研究了空气中痕量氡的动态稳定技术和氡及其子体浓度的准确测量方法.研制了具有氡浓度自动控制、温湿度调控、气溶胶发生/采集等功能的标准氡室,并建立了主氡室标称体积达4 m3的氡测量仪器检定/校准装置和氡子体放射性气溶胶检测与实验研究平台.研究表明,本装置测氡浓度范围为370～20000 Bq/m3;检测精确度达3％;单点校...     

A BIOFILM USED AS ULTRAVIOLET-DOSIMETER

Abstract— A UV-dosimeter has been developed for routine measurements which mainly weights the various components of the spectrum in relation to their damaging effects on a microorganism. For this purpose a biofilm was constructed, comprising dried spores of Bacillus subtilis (wild-type or DNA repair defective strain), immobilized on transparent polyester plastic sheets. After irradiation, the biofilm was incubated in a growth medium. The proteins, synthesized by the immobilized microorganisms after spore germination and several cell divisions, were stained and determined by photometry, giving a measure of the biological activity. The "biologically effective dose" was determined from a calibration curve. It reflects the dose equivalent to that of the calibration source producing the same effect.
The UV-response of the biofilm is additive and follows the reciprocity law in the range of fluence rates investigated. The response is nearly independent of temperature within the range of -20°C to +70°C as well as of humidity between about 37 and 80% relative humidity. Storage for up to 9 months at <70% relative humidity and room temperature does not significantly influence the viability of the spores.     

Determination of apparent reducing sugars, moisture and acidity in honey by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry

Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, in conjunction with multivariate calibration, was used for determination of reducing sugars, humidity and acidity in honey bee samples. Multivariate calibration models were built using partial least squares (PLS) and were refined through variable selection per interval (iPLS) and genetic algorithms. The calibration models show satisfactory results for all parameters with average relative errors of 6% for acidity, 1% for reducing sugars and 2% for humidity. For the acidity and reducing sugars parameters, variable selection was irrelevant, but for humidity it was essential. For the humidity parameter, it was necessary to use two variable selection techniques (by intervals and genetic algorithm) concomitantly in order to obtain a satisfactory calibration model.     

Poly (N-Isopropylacrylamide) microgel-based optical devices for humidity sensing

Optical sensors for environmental humidity have been constructed from poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-acrylic acid (pNIPAm-co-AAc) microgels. The devices were constructed by first depositing a monolithic layer of pNIPAm-co-AAc microgels on a Au-coated glass substrate followed by the addition of another Au layer on top. The resultant assembly showed visual color, and exhibited multipeak reflectance spectra. We found that the thickness of the device's microgel layer depended on environmental humidity, which corresponded to a change in the device's optical properties. Specifically, at low humidity the microgel layer was collapsed, while it absorbed water from the atmosphere (and swelled) as the humidity increased. Additionally, we investigated how the deposition of the hygroscopic polymer poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (pDADMAC) onto the microgel layer (prior to final Au layer deposition) influenced the devices humidity response. We found that the devices were more sensitive to humidity as the number of pDADMAC layers in the device increased. Finally, we evaluated the device performance at various temperatures, and found that the sensitivity was enhanced at low temperature, although the response was more linear at elevated temperature.     

New SRDN-3 probes with a semi-conductor detector for measuring radon activity concentration in underground spaces

The article presents new Polish probes SRDN-3, developed at the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology in Warsaw, equipped with a semi-conductor detector used for continuous measurements of ²²²Rn activity concentration. Due to a relatively high lower detection limit, the device is dedicated for use in underground spaces—caves, adits, mines, tourist routes in strongholds, pyramids, etc. Its structure allows for difficult conditions in which the device is transported to the measurement site, as well as hard operating conditions caused chiefly by large ambient relative humidity, reaching up to 100%. The authors present calibration results of these appliances, as well as the results of their work in a cave and an adit in the Sudetes (SW Poland). After almost 2 years of working in difficult conditions, the probes displayed high reliability. No defects of the semi-conductor detectors or the electronics were observed, which ensured problem-free communication of the probe-programmer-PC set. Thanks to this, the authors have a 2 year stock of data, recorded hourly by five probes, at their disposal. The only element that did not withstand the test of extreme operating conditions was one of the combined relative humidity and temperature sensors. No powering problems were observed either, and the batteries were replaced once a year, before the winter season. Also the programmer functioned faultlessly, enabling data transmission to a PC, which, being much more sensitive to operating conditions, had been placed away from the site of probe exposure. After using more sensitive temperature, relative humidity and pressure sensors, SRDN-3 probes will certainly prove an excellent tool for microclimate measurements (including measurement of air-atmosphere exchange) in caves and other underground sites. Even nowadays they are already a satisfactory tool for monitoring ²²²Rn concentration in underground spaces.     

快速生化需氧量微生物传感器的应用

采用混合菌BODseed制备微生物传感器快速监测生化需氧量（BOD）,研究了矫正溶液选择、样品自降解及恒温装置对测量准确度的影响。 结果表明,采用葡萄糖 谷氨酸矫正溶液测得污水处理厂污水结果较BOD5方法偏低50%以上,而以污水本身制作矫正曲线取得了与BOD5一致的测试结果;样品在保存6 h后有机物自降解会使测量结果偏低40%;快速BOD在线监测时不仅需要对微生物传感器恒温,同时也需要对样品及缓冲溶液恒温,这有利于样品快速接近缓冲溶液温度,减少空气饱和时间,从而提高监测效率,提升测试准确度。