ICP-AES测定粗银粉及银阳极板中Se、Sb等杂质元素

研究用ICP-AES同时测定粗银粉及银阳极板中Se、Sb、Te、Pb、Bi、Au、Fe、Cu和Pd杂质元素的方法.试验以酒石酸作掩蔽剂,突出解决了溶样过程中AgCl对杂质元素的吸附损失,确定了合适的分析线和折衷的仪器分析条件,9个被测元素的检出限为0.002～0.008μg/mL,相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.50%～3.6%,加标回收率为98.57%～100.5%,可用于粗银粉和银阳极板中杂质元素的测定.     

高性能球型氢氧化亚镍的ICP-OES分析方法

建立了镍氢电池正极材料氢氧化亚镍中主成分锌、钴及杂质钙、镁、锰、镉的ICP AES测定方法。选择了仪器最佳工作条件 ,研究了镍基体对被测元素的干扰。方法的回收率为 95 .9%～ 1 0 3% ,RSD为 0 .93%～ 1 8%。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定太阳能级多晶硅中杂质元素

多晶硅样品经氢氟酸和硝酸混合酸消解,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定所得样品溶液中23种杂质元素的含量。通过调整分辨率来调整多原子离子对部分被测元素的干扰。方法的检出限(3s)在0.3～19.7ng.g-1之间。方法用于太阳能级多晶硅样品中23种元素的测定,回收率在85.2%～111%之间,相对标准偏差(n=11)在0.9%～4.6%之间。     

电感耦合等离体原子发射光谱法测定高纯银中25种微量元素

应用银生成氯化银沉淀分离银,超声雾化,ICP-AES法测定分离液中Al、Au、Ba、Bi、Ca、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Li、Mg、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Pd、Pt、Sb、Se、Sn、Te、Ti、V、Y及Zn 25种微量元素.选择了被测元素的分析线,考察了载气流量,HNO3浓度和Ag的沉淀对测定元素的影响.取样2.5 g时,测定范围为10～320μg/g,回收率在93%～108%之间,相对标准偏差((RSD n=6)在2.9%～11%之间.     

高流速辉光放电质谱法测定纯镍中41种痕量元素

建立了高流速辉光放电质谱法（GDMS）测定纯镍中41种痕量元素含量的分析方法。使用有证标准物质IARM 190A校正其中29种元素的相对灵敏度因子（RSF）,其他12种元素采用标准RSF。在放电电流40 mA、放电电压1000 V、气体流速400 mL/min条件下,对样品预溅射20 min后进行测定。各元素的方法定量限在0.0000001%～0.000054%之间。应用该方法分析2个纯镍样品中的41种痕量元素,测定结果与高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法（HR-ICP-MS）、原子荧光光谱法（AFS）、高频感应炉燃烧红外吸收法测定结果一致,当待测元素含量大于0.0001%时,结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.1%～13%;当待测元素含量在0.00001%～0.0001%之间时,测定结果的RSD为0.4%～46%;当待测元素含量小于0.00001%时,测定结果的RSD为7.4%～48%。     

碱熔融-ICP-AES法对锰矿石中主量、次量与痕量元素的同时测定

建立了一种同时测定锰矿石中主量、次量和痕量元素的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES).锰矿石样品经碱熔融和盐酸浸取后,选用SeaSpray雾化器和旋流雾室,选定了待测元素的分析线,优化了样品提升速率、载气压力、入射功率和冷却气流速;研究了基体效应,认为大量存在的易电离元素钠(3.5 g/L)使得各元素间的相互影响可以忽略;研究了酸度效应,随着酸度的增加,每个待测元素的净光强均略有下降.该方法用于4种标准物质GBW07262 ～GBW07264和No.5406-90的实际分析,Mn、Fe、Si、Al、Ca、Ba、Mg、K、Cu、Ni、Zn、P、Ti的测定值与标称值吻合,RSD(n=7)为0.1% ～6.8%;Co、Cr、V、As、Pb的回收率为92% ～110%,RSD(n=7)为0.1% ～3.4%.该方法可极大地提高锰矿石中多元素测定的工作效率.     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法直接测定水中微量铜、铅、锌、镉

将水样浓缩10倍处理,用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收分光光度法直接测定水中微量铜、铅、锌、镉元素的含量,在0～1.00 mg/L范围内,被测元素浓度与吸光度呈线性关系,相关系数不小于0.9990.最低检出限分别为0.001、0.01、0.0008、0.0005 mg/L,相对标准偏差分别为1.16%、1.22%、1.15%、1.16%.该方法对标准样品的测试结果与国家标准方法基本一致,相对偏差均不大于7.0%.     

萃取分离 ICP-AES 法测定含铪铀中微量杂质元素

用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸溶解含铪的铀试样,以磷酸三丁酯为萃取剂,分离铀、铪与待测杂质元素.用 ICP-AES 法同时测定了试样中钼、钨、铁、硼、锰、铍、铜、镁、钙、铝和镍等11种杂质元素的含量.将 0.0900 g～0.1100 g 试样制成 6 mL 溶液时,各杂质元素测量范围为 1.0×10-3%～1.0×10-1%,回收率在 94%～105% 之间,相对标准偏差优于 10%.     

磁致冷材料钆硅锗系合金中Si和Gd的重量法联测的研究

参考了HClO4脱水重量法测定Si及草酸盐重量法测定Gd的方法,建立了钆硅锗系合金中主成分Si和Gd联合测定的方法,并详细考查了共存元素及杂质元素对测定的影响。合金共存元素Ge在HCl的存在下,绝大部分可以GeCl4的形式被蒸发,达到与被测元素分离的目的。熔样过程引入的杂质元素Ni可与被测元素Gd,用氨水沉淀分离,残留Ni不足以影响Gd的测定。方法回收率在98.5%以上,Si和Gd的测量相对标准偏差分别在2.6%~3.0%和0.4%~0.5%。     

用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定中草药中重金属元素

建立了用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定中草药中重金属元素(砷、铅、镉、铬、汞、镍)的方法.中草药样品用硝酸和过氧化氢经微波消解后,消化液直接用ICP-MS同时测定6种重金属元素.以钪、钇、铟和铋作为内标物质,补偿了基体效应;选择适当的待测元素同位素克服了质谱干扰;6种重金属元素的检出限在0.001～0.006 μg·L-1之间,回收率在90%～107%之间,相对标准偏差小于3.2%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.