Kinetics of Phase Transfer Catalytic Preparation of Benzyl Phenyl Ether

Benzyl phenyl ether is prepared in a well-stirred batch reactor from phenol and benzyl chloride using tetrabutylammonium iodide as phase transfer catalyst. Phenol with sodium hydroxide is dissolved in water as the aqueous phase, and benzyl chloride is dissolved in toluene as the organic phase. Tetrabutylammonium iodide gives high reaction rate without the formation of micelles during the reaction. The reaction mechanism is verified by infrared spectrum study and other experimental observations. The kinetics of the reaction of benzyl chloride is modelled as a first-order chemical reaction. The cocatalytic effect of the iodide ion, and salting out effect on the overall reaction rate are discussed in detail using experimental data.     

4-Aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octanone Derivatives with Antiprotozoal Activities

 4-Aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octanones which were prepared in one-pot-reactions from benzylidene acetone and dialkylammonium rhodanides were reduced stereoselectively to their corresponding alcohols. The activities of the bicyclic compounds against causative organisms of tropical deseases were examined. The 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-ols were in general more active against Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense and Plasmodium falciparum than the corresponding keto compounds.     

4-Aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octanone Derivatives with Antiprotozoal Activities

Summary.  4-Aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octanones which were prepared in one-pot-reactions from benzylidene acetone and dialkylammonium rhodanides were reduced stereoselectively to their corresponding alcohols. The activities of the bicyclic compounds against causative organisms of tropical deseases were examined. The 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-ols were in general more active against Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense and Plasmodium falciparum than the corresponding keto compounds. Corresponding author. E-mail: robert.weis@uni-graz.at Received November 27, 2002; accepted December 2, 2002 Published online May 2, 2003     

Quantitative Studies on Structure－Activity Relationships （QSAR） of Cytokinin－Active Phenyl Urea Derivatives（PUD）

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血卟啉醚衍生物的核磁共振研究

用核磁共振方法研究了近三十个新的血卟啉醚的结构，对１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ谱进行了归宿，讨论了取代基结构对卟啉化学位移的影响。     

Three New Phenyl Ether Derivatives from Aspergillus carneus HQ889708

Three new phenyl ether derivatives, 3‐hydroxy‐5‐(3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenoxy)benzoic acid ( 1 ), 3,4‐dihydroxy‐5‐(3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenoxy)benzoic acid ( 2 ), 3‐[3‐hydroxy‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]‐5‐methylphenol ( 3 ), and three known compounds 4 – 6 were obtained from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus carneus HQ889708, which was isolated from sea water from South China Sea. The structures of compounds 1 – 3 were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods including ESI‐MS and NMR. Compounds 4 – 6 were reported before as synthesized products, herein, they are reported from nature for the first time.     

新型含吲哚环酯类化合物的合成、抑藻活性及构效关系研究

从苔藓虫Zoobotryon pellucidum中提取的2,5,6-三溴-1-甲基芦竹碱(TBG)能较好地抑制海洋生物藤壶的附着. 为提高该类化合物在防污涂料中的复配性能, 合成了4个新型的不同卤素取代和N-取代且具有较好亲脂性能的TBG类似物. 通过1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR和元素分析对目标化合物6a～6d进行了结构表征. 生物实验结果表明, 化合物5～6对海藻Nitzschia closterium均具有较好的生长抑制活性, 其中以亲脂性较强的6b和6d抑制作用最为显著, LC50分别可达1.33 µg/mL和1.06 µg/mL. 对化合物的定量构效关系进行了初步探讨.     

苄基脲嘧啶类化合物的合成及其除草活性

在无水碳酸钾存在下,以DMF和丙酮为溶剂,取代苄氯与尿嘧啶反应,合成了10个1-苄基脲嘧啶类化合物(3a～3e)和1,3-二苄基脲嘧啶类化合物(4a～4d,4f),其结构经1H NMR和元素分析确证.初步生物活性测试结果表明,3和4具有一定的除草活性,其中3d(100 μg·mL-1)对油菜根长生长抑制具有较好的效果.     

Benzyl Derivatives of 3-Phenoxytoluene

3-phenoxybenzyl derivatives are of great interest in the chemistry of the pyrethroid insecticids since its chrysanthemate and isovalerate esters are the most active compounds against insects and the less toxic towards mammals.¹ However classical benzylic catalytic methods give poor yields in the case of the 3-phenoxytoluene, because of the deactivating effect of the 3-phenoxy substituent upon the benzylic hydrogen^2,3.     

磺酰脲类化合物除草活性的QSAR研究

采用密度泛函理论方法, 在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平下, 计算了23种磺酰类化合物的分子极化率及分子骨架中各原子的Milliken电荷. 提出了一种新的QSAR建模方法, 并据此对其中18种化合物进行多元线性回归分析, 建立了除草活性的预测模型(R=0.96, R2=0.92, r2adj=0.88, F=26.26, q2=0.71, p<0.01, SE=0.36), 对剩余五种化合物进行预测, 结果吻合. 该模型从化合物的亲水性、分子几何特征的角度对如何提高磺酰脲类化合物的除草活性进行了分析, 并对提高化合物除草活性的方法做出预测: 提高苯环和嘧啶环取代基的亲水性, 增加N13周围的电子云密度, 为苯环接入较小的取代基团, 在嘧啶环上接入较大取代基团都可提高化合物的除草活性. 预测结果与3D-QSAR方法的预测结果一致.     

1,4—双（苯基乙炔基）苯及其双取代苯基衍生物的研究

合成了1,4-双(苯基乙炔基)苯及其双取代苯基衍生物。测定了它们的荧光量子产率、激光转换效率、红外光谱、拉曼光谱,指派了主要官能团的特征频率,讨论了化合物结构和取代基效应。     

新型苄基丹皮酚肟衍生物的合成及抗血小板聚集活性

为得到抗血小板聚集活性更好的丹皮酚衍生物,在2-位苄基取代的基础上,以丹皮酚为原料,经苄基化,肟化及醚化合成了5个新型的苄基丹皮酚肟衍生物（4a~4e）,其结构经¹H NMR, IR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。体外抗血小板聚集活性结果表明：4a～4e(AIR: 13.87~21.50%)的活性均强于对照药阿司匹林(AIR: 11.14%),其中化合物4c(AIR: 20.76%)和4e(AIR: 21.50%)的抗血小板聚集活性显著,具备进一步研究的潜力。      

Synthesis and In Vitro Antimicrobial SAR of Benzyl and Phenyl Guanidine and Aminoguanidine Hydrazone Derivatives

A series of benzyl, phenyl guanidine, and aminoguandine hydrazone derivatives was designed and in vitro antibacterial activities against two different bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) were determined. Several compounds showed potent inhibitory activity against the bacterial strains evaluated, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the low µg/mL range. Of all guanidine derivatives, 3-[2-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)]-benzyloxy derivative 9m showed the best potency with MICs of 0.5 µg/mL (S. aureus) and 1 µg/mL (E. coli), respectively. Several aminoguanidine hydrazone derivatives also showed good overall activity. Compounds 10a, 10j, and 10r–s displayed MICs of 4 µg/mL against both S. aureus and E. coli. In the aminoguanidine hydrazone series, 3-(4-trifluoromethyl)-benzyloxy derivative 10d showed the best potency against S. aureus (MIC 1 µg/mL) but was far less active against E. coli (MIC 16 µg/mL). Compound 9m and the para-substituted derivative 9v also showed promising results against two strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). These results provide new and potent structural leads for further antibiotic optimisation strategies.     

含肟醚的新型四唑啉酮衍生物的合成及除草活性研究

1-(4-氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-四唑-5-酮(1)与氯丙酮反应生成1-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2-氧代丙基)-1,4-二氢-四唑-5-酮(2). 中间体2、盐酸羟胺和卤化物通过三组分一锅法合成了目标化合物3. 初步生物活性测试结果表明: 目标化合物3具有较好的除草活性.     

3-吡啶基醚类化合物的分子全息QSAR研究

采用分子全息定量构效关系(HQSAR, hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship)方法, 研究了28个3-吡啶基醚类化合物对乙酰胆碱α4β2受体的亲和性与它们的分子结构之间的关系, 讨论了分子碎片大小、分子碎片亚结构类型以及分子全息长度对QSAR的影响, 得到了较好的HQSAR模型, 模型的交叉验证系数平方q²＝0.670, 非交叉相关系数平方r²＝0.965, 偏差S＝0.093. 利用HQSAR的颜色编码, 对化合物中不同基团对亲和活性的影响进行了讨论, 对新配体的合成具有一定的指导作用.     

二芳醚基哌嗪类衍生物的合成及细胞毒活性研究

根据拼合原理, 设计并合成了21个未见报道的新的二芳醚基哌嗪类衍生物, 其结构用1H NMR, ESI-MS, HRMS进行了确证, 初步生物活性测定实验证明部分目标化合物具有良好的细胞毒活性. 化合物4i分别对人食管癌(Eca109)细胞株和人鼻咽癌(CNE)细胞株的IC50为7.13和4.54 μmol&#8226;L－1, 与对照品顺铂(DDP)相近. 化合物5d对人鼻咽癌细胞株也表现较好的活性, 其IC50为8.49 μmol&#8226;L－1.     

新型噻吩并四氢吡啶芳酸醚类化合物的合成及其抗血小板聚集活性

运用生物电子等排及拼合设计原理,设计并合成了14个新型的噻吩并四氢吡啶芳酸醚类化合物(4a~4j和8a~8d),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和ESI-MS表征。采用Bron比浊法测定了4a~8d对腺苷二磷酸(ADP)和花生四烯酸(AA)诱导的血小板聚集抑制活性。结果表明:4-【3-{6,7-二氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶-5(4H)-基}丙氧基】-苯甲酸对AA诱导的血小板聚集和4-【3-{6,7-二氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶-5(4H)-基}丙氧基】-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸对ADP诱导的血小板聚集均显示出较强的抑制活性,其IC50分别为0.020 mmol·L-1和0.018 mmol·L-1。     

Microwave-assistant Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Safener Activities of Two Substituted Phenyl Isoxazole Derivatives

Two novel substituted phenyl isoxazole benzoxazine formamide derivatives were designed and synthesized with substituted o-aminophenol,1,2-dibromoethane and different phenyl substituted isoxazole formyl chloride as the raw materials via microwave assistant synthesis.The target compounds were characterized by IR,~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR and HRMS.Both single-crystal structures were further determined by X-ray diffraction.3-(2'-Chloro-6'-fluoro-phenyl)-4-(2',3'-dihydro-1',4'-benzoxazine)-5-methyl-isoxazole formamide (4a) crystallizes in orthorhombic system,P2_1 space group with a=8.9414(18),b=10.834(2),c=17.706(4)?,V=1715.1(6)?~3,D_c=1.444 Mg/m~3,Z=4,F(000)=768,μ(Mo Kα)=0.255 mm~(-1),R=0.0406 and w R=0.1171.3-Phenyl-4-(6-methyl-2',3'-dihydro-1',4'-benzoxazine)-5-methyl-isoxazole formamide (4b) is of triclinic system,space group P■ with a=7.7659(16),b=8.3626(17),c=13.484(3)?,α=76.04(3)°,β=100.63(3)°,γ=82.01(3)°,V=841.6(3)?~3,D_c=1.319 Mg/m~3,Z=2,F(000)=352,μ(Mo Kα)=0.090 mm~(-1),R=0.0672 and w R=0.2671.Both crystals are packed through C–H···O hydrogen bonding interaction.There is C–H···F hydrogen bond between 4a molecules,and C–H···N between 4b molecules.Bioassay results showed that compounds 4a and 4b exhibited detoxification on maize and restored maize growth index.