共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
实现了基于低场0.35 T磁共振成像系统的大脑功能磁共振成像(functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,fMRI)的研究. 基于质子密度加权的快速自旋回波(Turbo Spin Echo,TSE)图像,重点研究增强低场fMRI显著性的方法,目的在于提高低场fMRI的可用性. 结果表明:健康受试者在执行手动任务期间,大脑运动区的信号强度变化可以由基于血管外质子信号增强 (Signal Enhancement by Extravascular water Protons,EEP)的对比机制探测. 优化TSE序列参数能提高图像SNR和扫描速度,并在统计分析中增加外在屏蔽图像,可以有效地提高低场下fMRI研究结果的显著性. 相似文献
4.
Czesław J. Lewa 《光谱学快报》2013,46(4):771-781
A method to determine electrical mobility of charge carriers containing paramagnetic elements is presented. The motion-induced phase shift of the transverse magnetization component is observed by magnetic (nuclear or electron) resonance (MR). In fluid media, this method can determine the type of carriers and respective motion, lifetimes distribution, thermal and frequency dispersion of the mobility, translational relaxation rate and activation energies of these processes. 相似文献
5.
6.
Abstract The disaccharidic anhydro derivative 6-O-(5,6-anhydro-3-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene α-D-glucofuranos-3-yl)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-n-dodecyl-α-D-glucofuranose (1) led to the disaccharidic crown ether 2 in 40% yield when treated at low concentration with 2.5 eq. of KOH in toluene-Me2SO. Compound 2 structure was proved through a detailed NMR analysis (1H, 13C, 1H-1H and 13C-1H 2D correlations). This structural elucidation indicated that compound 2 resulted from the intramolecular attack of the C-5-O?alkoxide group, generated in the basic medium, on the C-6′ carbon of the 5′,6′-anhydro group. 相似文献
7.
本文设计了用于关节成像的1.5T超导核磁共振成像(MRI)主磁体的电磁结构与机械支撑结构.首先计算了主磁体成像区域及磁体周围的电磁场分布.在此基础上,采用电磁-结构耦合方法计算了主磁体与支撑结构中的应力、应变分布情况.同时分析了不同的支撑材料对磁体应力/应变的影响.给出了1.5T超导MRI主磁体支撑结构的设计标准. 相似文献
8.
糖尿病是由胰岛素分泌不足(T1DM)或胰岛素抵抗(T2DM)而引发的慢性代谢疾病,严重影响人们的生活质量. 中枢神经系统是糖尿病并发症的易感部位. 临床研究和流行病学调查结果显示,糖尿病会引发脑白质损伤、脑萎缩和认知功能障碍,并会增加脑卒中的风险. 磁共振成像和活体磁共振波谱可提供大脑解剖结构、功能及代谢等多方面的信息. 近年来,随着人们对糖尿病脑病关注度的不断增加和认识的不断加深,磁共振成像和活体波谱开始并越来越多地被应用于该疾病的研究. 该文综述磁共振成像与活体波谱技术在糖尿病脑病研究中的应用及最新进展. 相似文献
9.
Abstract This brief, non‐exhaustive review describes some basic theoretical aspects of 195Pt nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and also the empirical approach used by the researchers in the field. The different factors which influence the chemical shifts are discussed. The couplings constants between 195Pt and other isotopes, which have a spin of 1/2 (such as, 1H and 13C) bring further important information on the structures of Pt compounds. Recently, 195Pt‐NMR spectroscopy in the liquid state has been used successfully in many research fields, e.g., the determination of enantiomeric composition and absolute configuration, in the area of biosensors and biomarkers, in cluster chemistry, in cancer research and in kinetic studies. While liquid‐state 195Pt‐NMR spectroscopy encompasses a wide range of areas, the parallel solid‐state technique has only been employed over the past few years, mainly in studies of heterogeneous catalysis and is more industrially oriented. 相似文献
10.
核磁共振波谱在药物发现中的应用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
核磁共振波谱通过检测组成有机化合物分子的原子核跃迁而得到反映核性质的参数以及周围化学环境对这些参数的影响规律. 这些参数的相关内容包含了极其详尽的有机化合物分子结构和分子间相互作用的信息,并构成了核磁共振结构解析和生物靶分子-配体相互作用研究的理论基础. 在生物医药研发领域内,科研院所和公司企业的研发工作者们一直在努力探索利用核磁共振波谱监测生物靶分子-配体相互作用作为药物发现工具的潜能. 本文旨在针对核磁共振波谱在药物发现过程中活性化合物筛选的最新研究进展进行综述. 相似文献
11.
核磁共振(NMR)波谱技术是当今最有力的谱学工具之一,在化学、生物和医药等众多领域获得重要而广泛的应用.基于时空编码的快速采样方法自2002年Frydman小组提出后,大大增强了高维磁共振波谱的采样效率.在某一些应用体系中,存在若干个强度远超于其他谱峰的情况,很容易由于动态增益不足而检测不到某些较弱的谱峰,而往往这些较弱的谱峰包含着感兴趣的信息.且在实际的化学生物应用中,存在选择性感兴趣检测的情况,即只需要选择性地观察若干个具有标记作用的谱峰.由于时空编码技术借助于高速切换的双极性梯度来完成解码,因而无法选择性地检测若干个非连续的频点.为解决以上两个问题,该文提出一种选择编码的时空编码方法,即在序列中施加选择性脉冲,选择性破坏某些谱峰的编码过程,使之不能在解码期解码,从而简化谱图,实现选择性压制或者非连续频点的感兴趣检测.如果把选择性反转脉冲换为硬反转脉冲加选择性反转脉冲,则最终的谱图中只出现被选择性脉冲选中的谱峰.理论分析及相关的实验验证了这种方法的可行性和有效性. 相似文献
12.
13.
作为扁形动物门的代表动物,涡虫因其特殊的演化地位和极强的再生能力,迅速成为实验动物学、细胞遗传学、发育生物学和再生生物学等研究中的理想模式生物. 众多与涡虫相关的研究都取得了突破性进展,而其在核磁共振和代谢组领域的相关科研报道却极为匮乏. 该研究使用甲醇水提取方法获得了涡虫身体提取物样品,同时利用高分辨的1 GHz NMR谱仪对该样品采集了1H NMR谱图和5种2D NMR谱图(1H-1H COSY,1H-1H TOCSY,1H-1H J-RES,1H-13C HSQC和1H-13C HMBC). 通过归属得到涡虫身体提取物里所含有的53种代谢物质,包括氨基酸、糖类、脂类、有机羧酸、酮体、胺类、胆碱类以及核苷酸等. 这些物质覆盖了多种代谢途径,为涡虫代谢组研究提供了基本的NMR相关信息. 相似文献
14.
Rossi C Boss A Haap M Martirosian P Claussen CD Schick F 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2009,27(4):489-496
This study investigated the feasibility of an MRI protocol providing whole-body T2* maps at 1.5 T. Seven healthy volunteers (mean age=30.1+/-3.7, three women and four men) and two patients (both male, 53 and 46 years old) affected by transfusion-dependent anemias participated in the study. Coronally oriented images of five subsequent body levels were acquired using a fat-suppressed multiecho 2D gradient-echo sequence (12 echo times ranging from 4.8 to 76.3 ms were selected) and afterwards composed. Parametrical T2* maps of the whole body were reconstructed on a pixel-by-pixel basis. For both, healthy volunteers and patients, representative T2* values were computed from extended regions of interest (ROIs). Good-quality whole-body T2* maps were computed in all volunteers and patients. In healthy volunteers, T2* values were assessed in the cerebral white (58.5+/-4.2 ms) and gray (81.4+/-5.5 ms) matter, liver (34.3+/-7.0 ms), spleen (63.5+/-3.3 ms), kidneys (65.4+/-10.3 ms) and skeletal muscles (~30 ms). The liver presented faster relaxation rates in males as compared to females. One patient (serum ferritin concentration=927 microg/dl) showed shortened T2* values in liver (3.6+/-5.5 ms), spleen (3.1+/-4.8 ms), kidneys (11.1+/-7.1 ms) and muscles (25.1+/-3.4 ms). The second patient (serum ferritin concentration=346 microg/dl) presented reduced T2* values in liver (3.9+/-7.3 ms), spleen (20.1+/-9.8 ms) and kidneys (24.6+/-7.7 ms). The presented technique may find clinical application in the assessment of the iron burden in the entire body, and in monitoring of chelation therapies in patients treated with frequent blood transfusions. 相似文献
15.
Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 33S in solid samples were obtained for the first time. Although the natural abundance of 33S is quite low (0.74 percent), good signals were obtained for sphalerite (ZnS) and pyrrhotite (Fe1?xS). In addition, separate signals were obtained for the first time for a binary mixture of sulfur compounds (sulfur dissolved in liquid CS2). 相似文献
16.
Stanislava Nagyová Mária Kova?aková O?ga Fri?ová Viktor Hronsky Du?an Ol?ák ?ubica Fortunová 《Applied magnetic resonance》2012,43(3):431-442
Solid-state 1H, 13C and 29Si MAS NMR experiments were used to detect sorbed pyridine in hydrated copper-exchanged forms of synthetic zeolite ZSM-5, which is widely used in industry and green chemistry as well. The paper follows on from the previous study of sorption of organic pollutants by copper-modified forms of ZSM-5. Multinuclear MAS NMR experiments performed on hydrated and dehydrated copper-exchanged ZSM-5 samples with sorbed pyridine indicate that dissociation of water molecules in the vicinity of copper cations results in formation of new acid sites in the zeolite channels. Through their reaction with sorbed pyridine molecules, pyridinium ions are formed. 13C MAS NMR spectra also confirmed the presence of pyridine molecules not involved in forming pyridinium ions in the copper-modified ZSM-5 samples. From the changes in 29Si NMR spectra, some slight changes in the structure of original copper-modified ZSM-5 after pyridine sorption can be also deduced. 相似文献
17.
在介绍肿瘤样品代谢物的核磁共振波谱技术的研究方法的基础上,从离体组织和活体组织两个方面综述核磁共振波谱(NMR)在诊断肿瘤方面的应用进展,分析了它在肿瘤诊疗中的应用前景。在离体组织方面,人们通过1H和31P-NMR谱观测病人的体液样品、培养的细胞、切除的组织等来研究脂质、磷脂等代谢物的分布,观测肿瘤与对照组织之间的差别。其中利用组织提取物的方法能够得到分辨率较高的图谱,非常适合应用于肿瘤诊断和治疗方法的研究。高分辨魔角旋转(HR-MAS)的方法在肿瘤诊断研究方面展现出新的生命力,利用高分辨魔角旋转技术可以直接得到组织细胞中很多分子水平的代谢物结构和组成信息,因此它在癌症的早期诊断中具有很好的前景。在活体核磁共振波谱诊断肿瘤方面,主要应用1H和31P核磁共振波谱,结合MRI为非侵入性肿瘤分析提供了一种临床可用的方法。MRI与MRS技术的结合将使核磁共振波谱在医学领域有更大的应用空间。 相似文献
18.
甲醇制烯烃过程是由非石油路线生成低碳烯烃的重要途径之一.分子筛因具备独特的孔结构和可调变的酸性质,而成为甲醇制烯烃过程的核心催化剂.固体核磁共振(NMR)是鉴定物质结构、阐释催化反应机理的强有力的工具,在甲醇制烯烃的研究中被广泛应用.本文主要总结了近年来利用原位固体NMR、多维多核NMR、脉冲梯度场NMR等固体NMR技术研究甲醇制烯烃反应机理取得的重要进展.原位固体NMR可以在真实反应条件下监测催化反应中反应物、中间体和产物的动态演变过程;多维多核NMR可以在不破坏催化剂结构情况下确定反应中间体结构信息,特别是129Xe NMR可以很灵敏探测反应中催化剂的孔道结构变化;脉冲梯度场NMR可用于测定孔道内分子的扩散系数,阐明分子筛的扩散机制. 相似文献
19.
核磁共振定域谱(MRS)是获得活体生化定量信息和诊断信息的无损检测技术,是核磁共振成像强有力的补充技术,可为临床诊断和疾病预测提供重要的信息. 然而,活体1D 1H MRS通常存在代谢物谱峰拥挤、分辨率较低和归属难等问题. 引入2D MRS可在较大程度上解决1H MRS谱峰重叠和谱峰归属难的问题. 该文简述和分析了几种典型的2D MRS新方法及其优缺点,并讨论了它们在脑部、肌肉、乳腺、前列腺等活体组织中的应用. 虽然2D MRS存在着实验时间较长的局限,但最新研究表明其具有一些独特的优势及较好的发展前景. 相似文献