A time-dependent wave-packet quantum scattering study of the reaction H2+(v = 0-2,4,6;j = 1) + He--> HeH+ + H

The quantum scattering dynamics calculation was carried out for the titled reaction in the collision energy range of 0.0-2.4 eV with reactant H(2) (+) in the rotational state j = 1 and vibrational states v = 0-2, 4, and 6. The present time-dependent wave-packet calculation takes into account the Coriolis coupling (CC) and uses the accurate ab initio potential-energy surface of Palmieri et al. [Mol. Phys. 98, 1835 (2000)]. The importance of including the CC quantum scattering calculation has been revealed by the comparison between the CC calculation and the previous coupled state (CS) calculation. The CC total cross sections for the v = 2, 4, and 6 states show collision energy-dependent behaviors different from those based on the CS calculation. Furthermore, the collision energy dependence of the total cross sections obtained in the present CC calculation only exhibits minor oscillations, indicating that the chance is slim for reactive resonances in total cross sections to survive through the partial-wave averaging. The magnitude and profile of the CC total cross sections for v = 0-2 in the collision energy range of 0.0-2.5 eV are found to be consistent with experimental cross sections obtained recently by Tang et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 122, 164301 (2005)] after taking into account the experimental uncertainties.     

A time-dependent wave packet quantum scattering study of the reaction HD+ (v = 0 - 3;j0 = 1) + He --> HeH+(HeD+) + D(H)

Time-dependent wave packet quantum scattering (TWQS) calculations are presented for HD(+) (v = 0 - 3;j(0)=1) + He collisions in the center-of-mass collision energy (E(T)) range of 0.0-2.0 eV. The present TWQS approach accounts for Coriolis coupling and uses the ab initio potential energy surface of Palmieri et al. [Mol. Phys. 98, 1839 (2000)]. For a fixed total angular momentum J, the energy dependence of reaction probabilities exhibits quantum resonance structure. The resonances are more pronounced for low J values and for the HeH(+) + D channel than for the HeD(+) + H channel and are particularly prominent near threshold. The quantum effects are no longer discernable in the integral cross sections, which compare closely to quasiclassical trajectory calculations conducted on the same potential energy surface. The integral cross sections also compare well to recent state-selected experimental values over the same reactant and translational energy range. Classical impulsive dynamics and steric arguments can account for the significant isotope effect in favor of the deuteron transfer channel observed for HD(+)(v<3) and low translational energies. At higher reactant energies, angular momentum constraints favor the proton-transfer channel, and isotopic differences in the integral cross sections are no longer significant. The integral cross sections as well as the J dependence of partial cross sections exhibit a significant alignment effect in favor of collisions with the HD(+) rotational angular momentum vector perpendicular to the Jacobi R coordinate. This effect is most pronounced for the proton-transfer channel at low vibrational and translational energies.     

Exact quantum dynamics study of the O(+)+H2(v=0,j=0)-->OH(+)+H ion-molecule reaction and comparison with quasiclassical trajectory calculations

The close-coupling hyperspherical (CCH) exact quantum method was used to study the title barrierless reaction up to a collision energy (E(T)) of 0.75 eV, and the results compared with quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) calculations to determine the importance of quantum effects. The CCH integral cross section decreased with E(T) and, although the QCT results were in general quite similar to the CCH ones, they presented a significant deviation from the CCH data within the 0.2-0.6 eV collision energy range, where the QCT method did not correctly describe the reaction probability. A very good accord between both methods was obtained for the OH(+) vibrational distribution, where no inversion of population was found. For the OH(+) rotational distributions, the agreement between the CCH and QCT results was not as good as in the vibrational case, but it was satisfactory in many conditions. The kk(') angular distribution showed a preferential forward character, and the CCH method produced higher forward peaks than the QCT one. All the results were interpreted considering the potential energy surface and plots of a representative sampling of reactive trajectories.     

Quantum dynamics study of the K+HF(v=0-2,j=0)-->KF+H reaction and comparison with quasiclassical trajectory results

Extensive quantum real wave packet calculations within the helicity decoupling approximation are used to analyze the influence of the HF vibrational excitation on the K+HF(v=0-2,j=0)-->KF+H reaction. Quantum reaction probabilities P and reaction cross sections sigma are compared with corresponding quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) results. Disregarding threshold regions for v=0 and 1 (v=2 has no threshold), both approaches lead to remarkably similar results, particularly for sigma, validating the use of the QCT method for this system. When moving from v=0 to v=1 there is a large increase in P and sigma, as expected for a late barrier system. For v=2 the reaction becomes exoergic and P approximately 0.95 (with the exception of large total angular momenta where centrifugal barriers play a role). While substantial vibrational enhancement of the reactivity is thus seen, it is still quite less than that inferred from experimental data in the intermediate and high collision energy ranges. The origin of this discrepancy is unclear.     

Quantum wave packet and quasiclassical trajectory studies of the reaction H(2S) + CH(X2Π; v = 0, j = 1) → C(1D) + H2(X1 ): Coriolis coupling effects and stereodynamics

The quantum mechanics (QM) and quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) calculations have been carried out for the title reaction with the ground minimal allowed rotational state of CH (j = 1) on the 1 ¹A′ potential energy surface. For the reaction probability at total angular momentum J = 0, a similar trend of the QM and QCT calculations is observed, and the QM results are larger than the latter almost in the whole considered energy range (0.1–1.5 eV). The QCT integral cross sections are larger than the QM results with centrifugal sudden approximation, while smaller than those from QM method including Coriolis coupling for collision energies bigger than 0.25 eV. The quantum wave‐packet computations show that the Coriolis coupling effects get more and more pronounced with increasing of J. In addition to the scalar properties, the stereodynamical properties, such as the average rotational alignment factor <P₂( j′?k )>, the angular distributions P(θ_r), P(?_r), P(θ_r,?_r), and the polarization‐dependent generalized differential cross sections have been explored in detail by QCT approach. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

On the dynamics of the H+ +D2(v=0,j=0)-->HD+D + reaction: a comparison between theory and experiment

The H+ +D2(v=0,j=0)-->HD+D + reaction has been theoretically investigated by means of a time independent exact quantum mechanical approach, a quantum wave packet calculation within an adiabatic centrifugal sudden approximation, a statistical quantum model, and a quasiclassical trajectory calculation. Besides reaction probabilities as a function of collision energy at different values of the total angular momentum, J, special emphasis has been made at two specific collision energies, 0.1 and 0.524 eV. The occurrence of distinctive dynamical behavior at these two energies is analyzed in some detail. An extensive comparison with previous experimental measurements on the Rydberg H atom with D2 molecules has been carried out at the higher collision energy. In particular, the present theoretical results have been employed to perform simulations of the experimental kinetic energy spectra.     

Molecular beam scattering studies of the reaction D + H2 (v = 0) and D + H2 (v = 1) → HD + H

The reaction D + H₂ → HD + H has been investigated in two molecular beam scattering experiments. Angular and time-of-flight distributions have been measured for the initial vibrational ground state (v = 0) at a most probable collision energy of E_cm = 1.5 eV and for the first vibrational excited state (v = 1) at E_cm = 0.28 eV with the same apparatus. Results for the ground-state experiment are compared with quasiclassical trajectory calculations(QCT) on the LSTH-hypersurface transformed into the laboratory system and averaged over the apparatus distributions. The agreement isquite satisfactory. At this high collision energy the HD products are no longer scattered in a backward direction but in a wide angular region concentrated about θ = 90° in the center-of-mass system. The absolute reactive cross section has been determined and the agreement with the theoretical value from QCT calculations is within the experimental error. The high sensitivity of the experiment to different properties of the doubly differential cross section has also been demonstrated. A preliminary evaluation of the experiment with initial vibrational excitation (v = 1) shows that the HD-product molecules are preferably backward scattered and the change of internal energy is small supporting the concept of a reaction which is adiabatic with respect to the internal degrees of freedom.     

Six-dimensional quantum dynamics of (v=0,j=0)D2 and of (v=1,j=0)H2 scattering from Cu111

We report six-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations of the dissociative scattering of molecular hydrogen from the copper111 surface. Two potential energy surfaces are investigated and the results are compared with experiment. Our study completes the preliminary work of Somers et al. [Chem. Phys. Lett. 360, 390 (2002)] and focuses on the role of initial vibrational excitation and on isotopic effects. None of the two investigated potential energy surfaces is found satisfactory: the use of neither potential yields reaction and vibrational excitation probabilities and vibrational efficacies that are in close agreement with experiment. In addition to showing the shortcomings of existing potential energy surfaces we point out an inconsistency in the experimental fits for D2.     

Time dependent quantum dynamics study of the O++H2(v=0,j=0)-->OH++H ion-molecule reaction and isotopic variants (D2,HD)

The time dependent real wave packet method using the helicity decoupling approximation was used to calculate the cross section evolution with collision energy (excitation function) of the O++H2(v=0,j=0)-->OH++H reaction and its isotopic variants with D2 and HD, using the best available ab initio analytical potential energy surface. The comparison of the calculated excitation functions with exact quantum results and experimental data showed that the present quantum dynamics approach is a very useful tool for the study of the selected and related systems, in a quite wide collision energy interval (approximately 0.0-1.1 eV), involving a much lower computational cost than the quantum exact methods and without a significant loss of accuracy in the cross sections.     

Stereodynamics of the F + HD(v = 0, j = 1) reaction: direct vs. resonant mechanisms

The stereodynamics and mechanism of the F + HD(v = 0, j = 1) → HF (DF) + D (H) reactions have been thoroughly analysed at collision energies in the 0-160 meV range. Specifically, this study is focused on (i) the comparison between the stereodynamics of the collisions leading to HF and DF formation, and (ii) the stereodynamical fingerprints of the resonance that occurs at low collision energies in the HF channel and whose manifestation in the total cross section is greatly diminished for initial j > 0. While previous studies were limited to the analysis of integral cross sections (ICS), differential cross sections (DCS) and reaction probabilities, in the present work we have included the analysis of vectorial quantities such as the direction of the initial rotational angular momentum and internuclear axis, and their effect on reactivity. In particular, polarisation parameters (PP) and polarisation dependent differential cross sections (PDDCS), quantities that describe how the intrinsic HD rotational angular momentum and molecular axis polarisations contribute to reaction, are calculated and examined. The evolution of the PPs with the collision energy differs markedly between the two reaction channels. For the DF channel, the PP values are small and change very little in the energy range in which DF formation is appreciable. In contrast, rapid fluctuations in the magnitude and sign of the PPs are observed in the HF channel at low collision energies in and around the resonance. As the collision energy increases, direct (non-resonant) scattering prevails, and the various quantities are reasonably well accounted for by the QCT calculations, as in the case of the DF channel. The intrinsic directional information has been used to access the extent of control that can be achieved through polarisation of the HD molecule prior to collision. It was found that the same extrinsic preparation leads to very different outcomes on the HF channel DCS when the collision energy is close to the resonance. It is also shown that polarisation of the HD internuclear axis along the initial relative velocity enhances the effect of the resonance and allows its clear identification. Finally, the effect of different extrinsic preparations on the angle-velocity DCS is found to be strong, thus allowing considerable control of product angular distributions.     

Differential cross sections and product energy distributions for the C(3P)+OH(X 2Pi)-->CO(X 1Sigma+)+H(2S) reaction using a quasiclassical trajectory method

Quasiclassical trajectory calculations have been carried out for the C((3)P)+OH(X (2)Pi)-->CO(X (1)Sigma(+))+H((2)S) reaction using a recent ab initio potential energy surface for the ground electronic state X (2)A(') of COH. Differential cross sections (DCSs), and product vibrational, rotational and translational distributions have been determined for a wide range of collision energies (0.001-1 eV). The role of excitations (rotation or vibration) of the OH reactant on these quantities has been investigated. Product vibrational, rotational, and translational distributions are found to be almost independent on the rovibrational state of OH, whereas DCSs show a weak dependence on the initial rotational state of OH. We also analyze the results using a study based on the lifetime of the intermediate complex and on the kinematic constraint associated with the mass combination.     

Converged close coupling calculations for V-V energy transfer: 2HF(v=1)→HF(v=2)+HF(v=0)

We report accurate dynamical calculations for V-V energy transfer in the collision of two HF(v=1) molecules for a realistic potential energy surface.     

The polarization dependent differential cross sections of the reactions:H+LiH~+(v=0,j=0)→H_2+Li~+ and H~++ LiH(v=0,j=0)→H_2~++Li

<正>Quasi-classical trajectory(QCT) calculations have been carried out to study the generalized polarization dependent differentialcross sections(PDDCSs) for the reactions H + LiH~+(v = 0,j = 0)→H_2 + Li~+ and H~+ + LiH(v = 0,j = 0)→H_2~+ + Li occurring onthe two lowest-lying electronic states of the LiH_2~+ system,using the ab initio potential energy surfaces(PESs) of Martinazzo et al.[3].Four PDDCSs,i.e.,(2π/σ)(dσ_(00)/dω_t),(2π/σ)(dσ_(20)/dω_t),(2π/σ)(dσ_(22+)/dω_t),(2π/σ)(dσ_(21-)/dω_t) have been discussed in detail.     

Quantum state-to-state dynamics for the quenching process of Br(2P1/2) + H2(v(i) = 0, 1, j(i) = 0)

Quantum state-to-state dynamics for the quenching process Br((2)P(1/2)) + H(2)(v(i) = 0, 1, j(i) = 0) → Br((2)P(3/2)) + H(2)(v(f), j(f)) has been studied based on two-state model on the recent coupled potential energy surfaces. It was found that the quenching probabilities have some oscillatory structures due to the interference of reflected flux in the Br((2)P(1/2)) + H(2) and Br((2)P(3/2)) + H(2) channels by repulsive potential in the near-resonant electronic-to-vibrational energy transfer process. The final vibrational state resolved integral cross sections were found to be dominated by the quenching process Br((2)P(1/2)) + H(2)(v) → Br((2)P(3/2)) + H(2)(v+1) and the nonadiabatic reaction probabilities for Br((2)P(1/2)) + H(2)(v = 0, 1, j(i) = 0) are quite small, which are consistent with previous theoretical and experimental results. Our calculated total quenching rate constant for Br((2)P(1/2)) + H(2)(v(i) = 0, j(i) = 0) at room temperature is in good agreement with the available experimental data.     

Differential cross section for the H+D(2)-->HD(v(')=1,j(')=2,6,10)+D reaction as a function of collision energy

We have measured differential cross sections (DCSs) for the HD (v(')=1,j(')=2,6,10) products of the H+D(2) exchange reaction at five different collision energies in the range 1.48< or =E(coll)< or =1.94 eV. The contribution from the less energetic H atoms formed upon spin-orbit excitation of Br in the photolysis of the HBr precursor is taken into account for two collision energies, E(coll)=1.84 and 1.94 eV, allowing us to disentangle the two different channels. The measured DCSs agree well with new time-dependent quantum-mechanical calculations. As the product rotational excitation increases, the DCSs shift from backward to sideward scattering, as expected. We also find that the shapes of the DCSs show only a small overall dependence on the collision energy, with a notable exception occurring for HD (v(')=1,j(')=2), which appears bimodal at high collision energies. We suggest that this feature results from both direct recoil and indirect scattering from the conical intersection.     

Collision-induced dissociation in (He, H2(+)(v = 0-2; j = 0-3)) system: a time-dependent quantum mechanical investigation

The collision-induced process He + H(2)(+)(v = 0-2; j = 0-3) → He + H + H(+) has been investigated using a time-dependent quantum mechanical wave packet approach, within the centrifugal sudden approximation. The exchange reaction He + H(2)(+) → HeH(+) + H, which has a lower threshold, dominates over the dissociation process over the entire energy range considered in this study. The reaction cross section for both the exchange and dissociation channels and the branching ratio between the two channels have been computed on the McLaughlin-Thompson-Joseph-Sathyamurthy potential-energy surface and compared with the available experimental and quasiclassical trajectory results.     

Time dependent quantum dynamics study of the Ne + H2+(v=0-4)-->NeH+ + H proton transfer reaction

The Ne + H2+-->NeH+ + H proton transfer reaction was studied using the time dependent real wave packet quantum dynamics method at the helicity decoupling level, considering the H2+ molecular ion in the (v=0-4, j=0) vibrorotational states and a wide collision energy interval. The calculated reaction probabilities and reaction cross sections were in a rather good agreement with reanalyzed previous exact quantum dynamics results, where a much smaller collision energy interval was considered. Also, a quite good agreement with experimental data was found. These results suggested the adequacy of the approach used here to describe this and related systems.     

Corroboration of theory for H + D2 --> D + HD (v' = 3, j' = 0) reactive scattering dynamics

The differential cross section (DCS) for the reaction H + D2 --> D + HD (v' = 3, j' = 0) exhibits particularly rich dynamics; in addition to the expected direct recoil backscattering feature, a surprising time-delayed forward scattering feature appears that has been attributed to glory scattering arising from nearside and farside interference. This fact leads to a complex DCS that depends strongly on the collision energy. Its accurate calculation requires a fully quantum mechanical (QM) treatment. We report improved measurements of this DCS over the collision energy range 1.55 < or = E(coll) < or = 1.82 eV. Previous measurements using the core extraction method, while generally in agreement with theory, lacked sufficient resolution to capture all of the noteworthy behavior of the system; in the present work, we use ion imaging to observe many previously unresolved features of the DCS, particularly in the forward-scattered region. Agreement with QM calculations is found at all collision energies, reconciling an earlier discrepancy between experiment and theory near E(coll) = 1.54 eV.     

Wave packet dynamics of H2(v1=8-14)+H2(v2=0-2): the role of the potential energy surface on different reactive and dissociative processes

A time-dependent wave packet method has been used to study different competing products of H(2)+H(2) collisions: four center reaction, collision induced dissociation, reactive dissociation, and three-body complex formation. A three-degree-of-freedom reduced dimensionality model has been used for five different geometries of the colliding complex (parallel H, crossed X, collinear L, and two T-shaped geometries T(I) and T(II)), with reactants in selected vibrational states with one diatom vibrationally "hot" and the other one vibrationally "cold." Product probabilities have been calculated using two potential energy surfaces [J. Chem. Phys. 101, 4004 (1994); J. Chem. Phys. 116, 666 (2002)] in order to compare their performance in the dynamics. The regions of the potential energy surfaces responsible of the threshold behavior of the probabilities have been identified. Overall, we have found that the most recent potential energy surface is less anisotropic, provides a smaller propensity for insertion-type processes, and gives lower energy thresholds.