微量元素研究对中药研究和应用的指导作用

通过对微量元素与中药材的栽培，中药的炮制加工，中成药的工艺研究及中药的合理应用之间相关性的综述，阐明了微量元素研究对中药研究和应用的指导意义，同时也给研究人员对微量元素的研究提出了新课题。     

维生素B12及其衍生物的电化学研究

评述了维生素Ｂ１２及其衍生物的电化学研究，讨论了电化学在理解Ｂ１２生理功能方面的重要性，阐述了有关Ｂ１２电化学研究的最新进展，预测了研究的前景。     

血红素蛋白质的电化学行为

本文对生物大分子电化学行为这一新兴研究领域作了概述，介绍了其研究意义和重要性，主要讨论了血红素蛋白质的直接电化学行为，电极表面电子传递过程，目前的研究概况及已经取得了成果，引用参考文献９７篇。     

高效前沿分析的发展及在药物-蛋白结合研究中的应用

介绍了高效前沿分析方法的原理、特点、种类，综述了它在药物与蛋白结合研究中的应用及国内外研究概况；通过与高效液相色谱／前沿分析比较，阐明了毛细管电泳／前沿分析在药物蛋白结合研究中的优势；分析了在药物与蛋白结合研究中所采用的各种研究方法，通过与这些研究方法的比较，阐明了高效前沿分析的优越性及其广阔的应用前景，同时提出了在高效前沿分析方法中有待完善和注意的问题。     

荧光法和色谱法测定对-二甲氨甲基杯[8]芳烃与二苯胺磺酸钠的包结常数

分子识别是生物识别的基础，其机理的研究对理解生命现象具有重要意义。水溶性杯芳烃是研究分子识别的重要主体分子，本实验报道合成了水溶性的5，11，17，23，29，35，41，47-八(N，N-二甲氨甲基)-杯[8]芳烃(以下简称杯胺)，采用荧光法测定了其与二苯胺磺酸钠的包结常数，研究了包结作用。以杯胺为流动相添加剂，二苯胺磺酸钠为溶质，采用色谱法进行了对比研究，结论相符。     

中药微量元素研究的回顾与展望

对中药微量元素研究情况进行了回顾，指出当前中药微量元素的研究存在下列问题：1．片面强调微量元素的作用，忽略了中药中其它成分；2．忽略了中药中微量元素的存在形式和存在状态；3．推测微量元素的功效；4．取样欠代表性，样品制备欠规范化，测定方法急待统一，建议开创微量元素研究新思路，以期中药微量元素研究获得突破性进展。     

磁处理对水的导电性能影响的研究

分析了目前研究磁化水性能所用方法的缺陷，用正交试验的方法研究了不同磁感应强度和不同流速的磁化水的电阻率变化，考虑了各因素之间的交互作用，找出了最佳水平搭配；同时研究了磁化水的电阻率随时间的变化，发现磁化水的电阻率的变化具有滞后效应。     

中药微量元素锌,铜,铁,锰的研究

简介了微量元素的概念及进行中药微量元素研究的重要意义，回顾了近十多年来中药微量元素锌，铜，铁和锰的研究概况，引用参考文献３３篇。     

抗癌药物与DNA作用的电化学研究进展

针对当前电化学研究领域中的热门课题——DNA的电化学研究，阐述了与DNA的电化学研究相关的理论基础，其中包括作用机理和作用模式等，概述了其近几年的研究进展，并在此基础上对抗癌药物与DNA的相互作用的电化学研究工作特别是该研究的潜在应用，即抗癌药物的新型筛选方法——电化学筛选方法进行了介绍。     

DF01大孔树脂吸附苦参碱过程的研究

以大孔吸附树脂对苦参碱溶液的吸附行为为研究对象，对苦参碱的吸附平衡进行了研究，以Freundlich和Langmuir方程拟合了室温下的吸附等温线，研究结果表明，用Freumdlich方程拟合较理想，同时，还考察了不同因素对吸附过程的影响，并用线性方程式对吸附柱的透过曲线进行了拟合，这对了解床层的吸附行为特征及吸附剂性能有着重要意义。     

尿激酶活性测定方法的比较

根据中国及日本药典,对测定尿激酶活性的两种方法的灵敏度和重复性进行了考察对比,对不同样品测定结果进行了比较。     

A New Formulation of the Lindemann Mechanism of Unimolecular Reactions

A new formulation of the Lindemann mechanism of unimolecular reactions in gaseous phase is presented, without the use of steady state hypothesis. It is hereby shown that the nature of applicability of steady state hypothesis in the regime of high reactant gas pressure is different from that in the regime of low gas pressure. In the former case it is an equilibrium approximation, while in the latter case it is a highly reactive intermediate approximation in no connection with a steady state. Furthermore for the latter case it is shown that in the classical formulation of Lindemann mecbRnism the use of steady state hypothesis is an ad hoc assumption. A highly reactive intermediate in the sense that its concentration is very small during the whole course of reaction is a necessary condition for the applicability of very reactive intermediate approximation. When the two distinctive nature of the applicability of steady state hypothesis is mlxed-up, wrong or useless conclusion may be arrived at. The only possible case of realizing a true steady state in a complex reaction is pointed out.     

Thermodynamic parameters of solvation of nonelectrolytes in aqueous solutions of amides of carboxylic acids

Interaction and reorganization contributions to solvation enthalpies of nonelectrolytes in aqueous solutions of amides of carboxylic acids with different degree of N-substitution and N-methylpyrrolidone are calculated. The data are discussed using structurally thermodynamic characteristics of water-amide systems obtained by us previously. It is found that the type of concentration dependence of the solvation enthalpy of nonelectrolytes in all solutions investigated is determined by the type of reorganization component. It is shown that the highest solvation exothermicity of nonelectrolytes in water is due to the lowest value of the reorganization contribution in spite of that nonelectrolytes interact weaker with water than with non aqueous components.     

Investigation of some modes of flat-bed chromatography

A comparison of different chromatographic methods is presented: column liquid chromatography (CLC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), and continuous-elution flat-bed chromatography (CEFBC), which is in fact a combination of the first two methods. In CEFBC a sample is applied to a sorbent layer in a steady flow of eluent, and the components are detected directly on the layer, or immediately upon leaving it, during the separation process. It is shown that evaluation of the separation processes in CEFBC is best accomplished in terms of the parameters applicable in CLC. The reproducibility of the analytical results obtained by CEFBC is better than in the case of TLC by a factor of 6 to 10, and approaches that known for CLC.     

掺杂剂对聚乙炔性质影响的理论研究

以多烯烃模拟聚乙炔链,用CNDO/2方法讨论了各种掺杂剂对聚乙炔性质的影响,掺杂剂使孤子宽度收缩变窄,且p型掺杂剂比n型掺杂剂的影响更大,掺杂剂影响聚乙炔链中的电荷密度波,使电荷主要集中分布于掺杂剂附近的碳原子上。掺杂碱金属时,掺杂剂原子的最高占据轨道与聚乙炔中孤子自旋轨道之间的作用由Li到K依次增强,解释了ESR实验结果。     

自由基聚合中平均聚合度的学习

自由基聚合是《高分子化学》课程的重要一章 ,其中 ,平均聚合度是自由基聚合微观动力学的重要研究内容。正确理解其概念 ,掌握各种数学表达式的涵义 ,对高分子化学的学习十分有益 ,本文对不同终止和链转移情况下平均聚合度的表述方法进行了讨论     

铑催化不对称氢化官能烯烃的进展--单齿磷配体的兴起

本文比较全面而又简要地综述了铑催化不对称氢化官能烯烃的历史发展过程,对最近兴起的单齿磷配体进行重点论述,并对该领域今后发展方向作了富有建设性的展望.     

Generation of active surface states of gold and the role of such states in electrocatalysis

The cyclic voltammetry behaviour of gold in aqueous media is often regarded in very simple terms as a combination of two distinct processes, double layer charging/discharging and monolayer oxide formation/removal. This view is questioned here on the basis of both the present results and earlier independent data by other authors. It was demonstrated in the present case that both severe cathodization or thermal pretreatment of polycrystalline gold in acid solution resulted in the appearance of substantial Faradaic responses in the double layer region. Such anamolous behaviour, as outlined recently also for other metals, is rationalized in terms of the presence of active metal atoms (which undergo premonolayer oxidation) at the electrode surface. Such behaviour, which is also assumed to correspond to that of active sites on conventional gold surfaces, is assumed to be of vital importance in electrocatalysis; in many instances the latter process is also quite marked in the double layer region. Received: 26 July 1999 / Accepted: 7 September 1999     

Electrochemical determination of nitric oxide and of its derivatives

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the simplest odd electron species. Furthermore, it is relatively hydrophobic, which is consistent with its role as a diffusible intracellular messenger or as an immune effector. NO is generated in biological systems and plays important roles as a regulatory molecule. The main problem in NO analysis is its extreme reactivity; in aerated water solution it is transformed into nitrite and nitrate, inactive biological forms. Moreover, it may lose an electron forming the NO⁺ ion, involved in the synthesis of nitrosothiols (RSNOs). The main problems encountered in the analytical determination of free NO and of RSNOs in biological systems are the low stability and the very low concentration of these compounds. The determination of nitrates and nitrites may also be difficult when their concentration is in the nmolar range. We describe an electrochemical assay for the determination in the same sample of free NO and of its derivatives in nmolar range. Owing to its high sensitivity, the procedure could also be applied to environmental analyses     

支化高分子稀溶液粘度的浓度依赖性

自缔合平衡常数;支化高分子稀溶液粘度的浓度依赖性