反应温度与时间对铝型材厂工业污泥合成堇青石材料的得率与晶相结构影响

本研究主要探讨反应温度和反应时间对铝型材厂工业污泥合成堇青石材料的得率和晶相结构的影响。该污泥系由铝型材表面处理时产生的大量废液, 经沉淀过滤所得。主要成分是一种超细的γ-AlOOH, 其中部分是晶体, 部分是无定形体, 活性很高, 有利于堇青石晶相的形成, 能降低反应温度。 实验结果表明: 堇青石含量随着反应温度升高而增加; 晶相结构和晶胞参数与反应温度有关; 确定1350℃为最佳的反应温度; 反应时间在 2~5 h的试样中,堇青石含量增加, 在5~6 h含量降低. 5 h为最佳的反应时间。     

原料杂质对堇青石窑具晶相结构与性能的影响

对重青石窑具原料中的CaO，TiO2，Fe2O3以及R2O（Na2O＋K2O）对窑具多晶结构与性能的影响进行研究，从而确定原料中的Cao，TiO2，Fe2O3和R2O允许的存在量为CaO（2．2～2．7）％，TiO2（1．0～1．5）％，Fe2O3（0．8）％和R2O≤0．9％。     

硅灰粉尘添加量对莫来石-堇青石复相材料晶相结构与性能影响

采用XRD和SEM法确定莫来石-堇青石复相材料的晶相结构及其含量。探讨不同含量硅灰粉尘对复相材料的晶相结构与性能的影响。实验结果表明:复相材料中存在α-堇青石、β-堇青石、μ-堇青石和莫来石四种晶相。堇青石含量随着硅灰粉尘结合剂含量的增加而增加。莫来石含量随着结剂含量的增加而减少。根据结构上的分析结果,确定2#为最隹的配方,其堇青石和莫来石含量分别为66.0%和33.7%,抗折强度为27.69Mpa,1次和10次热震抗折强度保持率分别为63.36%和33.7%,体积密度为2.69 g/cm3.     

Zr4+对固相反应制备堇青石材料晶相转变的影响

以菱镁矿风化石、工业氧化铝和二氧化硅微粉为原料,加入不同含量二氧化锆添加剂,通过固相反应合成制备堇青石。用XRD法和SEM法表征试样中的晶相和显微结构,用X′Pert Plus软件对结晶相的晶胞参数和结晶度进行分析,用半定量法对试样晶相组成进行计算,用Scherrer公式计算堇青石的晶粒大小。研究分析Zr4+对制备堇青石材料中晶相组成、晶粒大小、晶胞常数、结晶度及显微结构的影响。结果表明:Zr4+对堇青石结构中Mg2+的置换固溶作用使堇青石相晶胞常数及晶胞体积发生变化,形成的结构缺陷使堇青石结构中离子扩散速度加快。由于Zr4+较高的电场强度,减弱了Mg-O的键力,氧化铝和二氧化硅通过固相反应形成莫来石相。当二氧化锆加入量为1.2%时,堇青石晶胞常数和晶胞体积最大,堇青石晶粒最大,堇青石结构中莫来石含量达到2.5%。     

La3+,Ce4+对制备堇青石材料晶相转变及烧结性能的影响

以菱镁矿风化石、工业氧化铝和二氧化硅微粉为原料,加入不同含量氧化镧、氧化铈添加剂,通过固相反应合成制备堇青石材料。用XRD法和SEM法表征试样中的晶相组成和显微结构,用X’Pert Plus软件计算主晶相的晶格常数、晶胞体积和试样的相对结晶度,用半定量法计算试样中各晶相含量,用Scherrer公式计算主晶相的粒径大小。研究分析了La3+,Ce4+对制备堇青石材料晶相组成、主晶相粒径大小、晶胞常数、试样相对结晶度、显微结构及烧结性能的影响。结果表明:氧化镧比氧化铈具有更好的助堇青石烧结性,加入氧化镧的堇青石试样具有更好的致密性;随着氧化镧、氧化铈加入量的增加,堇青石晶胞常数和晶胞体积呈现先增大后减小趋势;Ce4+更高的电场强度促进了堇青石材料更容易发生晶相转变形成莫来石。     

铝厂污泥在不同煅烧温度的晶相结构研究

铝厂污泥主要成分是-AlOOH,其中部分是晶体,部分是无定形体。将此污泥分别于450,600,800,1000,1050,1200和1300 ℃进行了煅烧,探讨污泥在不同温度下的晶相变化,为污泥的综合利用提供可靠的数据。采用XRD法和SEM法表征了污泥在不同温度下的晶相结构和显微结构。实验结果表明:随着煅烧温度的提高,污泥发生如下变化过程: 这与常规转化规律不同。在450,600,800,1000和1100 ℃的试样中均形成了-Al2O3和无定形体结构的微晶,随着温度的升高,-Al2O3含量增加而无定形体结构的微晶含量降低。当煅烧温度上升至1200和1300 ℃时, - Al2O3和无定形体结构的微晶全部转变为 - Al2O3。 -Al2O3是介稳态,高活性,-Al2O3是稳定态,低能态。     

酸蚀预处理对蜂窝状堇青石及其不同方法涂敷氧化铝涂层的影响

首先采用50%草酸溶液对蜂窝状堇青石进行沸煮处理,研究酸蚀处理对其组成和孔结构的影响.采用不同方法在其表面涂敷氧化铝涂层,考察酸蚀预处理对不同涂敷过程的影响.然后,对氧化铝涂层分别进行表征和比较.结果表明,(1)随着沸煮时间逐渐延长,蜂窝状堇青石腐蚀程度加剧,内部微孔增多,进而形成介孔,比表面积和平均孔径逐渐增大.(2)除硝酸盐热分解法外,采用传统浸渍法、原位涂敷 浸渍法和铝浆洗涂法涂敷时,将堇青石进行酸蚀预处理均不利于后续A l2O3涂层的涂敷.(3)采用传统浸渍法和铝浆洗涂法,酸蚀预处理都只是增大其涂层的比孔容积.而采用原位涂敷 浸渍法,预处理还会明显影响涂层的内部孔结构.其原因可能是预处理将影响A l2O3溶胶的原位形成过程,从而影响涂层的孔结构.     

碳化硅耐火材料浸渍AlPO_4溶液对材料晶相结构与性能影响

浸渍AlPO4饱和溶液有利于SiC耐火材料晶相结构的转化,有利于材料性能的优化。AlPO4是SiC的低温稳定-型向高温稳定-型转化的适宜矿化剂,浸渍2次可将-型全部转化成-型。材料性能随浸渍次数的增加而优化,浸渍4次的抗折强度、热震抗折强度保持率和体积密度为最高,而吸水率和显气孔率较低。     

制备方法对iPP/EPR合金晶相结构的影响

用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和广角X射线衍射仪(WAXD)研究了溶液共混法和熔融共混法制备的等规聚丙烯/二元乙丙橡胶(iPP/EPR)(85:15,W/W)合金的晶相结构.发现溶液共混法制得的iPP/EPR合金晶相中仅存在α-iPP,而熔融共混样品中则同时生成了α-iPP和β-iPP.这一结果表明,EPR并不是iPP/EPR合金中β-iPP生成的关键因素.考察了结晶温度和熔体热处理对iPP/EPR合金晶相结构的影响,发现通常的热处理并不能消除合金中β-iPP的生成.     

浸渍Ca_3(PO_4)_2溶液对SiC窑具材料晶相结构与性能影响

浸渍Ca3(PO4) 2 饱和溶液对SiC窑具材料晶相结构的转化和性能的优化是有利的。使SiC结构由低温稳定型向高温稳定型转化 ,随浸渍次数 (每次浸渍时间 1 0分钟 )的增加 ,α 型SiC含量增加 ,浸渍 4次的α 型SiC含量最高 (81 .1 % )。材料性能随浸渍次数增加而优化 ,浸渍 4次的显气孔率和吸水率最低 ,体积密度和热稳定性最高。     

Influence of Impurity Na2O on Crystalline Structure of Cordierite Synthesized from Aluminum Sludge

Waste aluminum sludge, talc powder and clay were used to synthesize cordierite in this research. The impurities, such as Fe2O3, CaO, K2O and Na2O, in the raw materials have some influence on the structures and properties of the materials. In this paper, we mainly discuss the impact of impurity Na2O on the structure of cordierite, based on which the permitted amount of Na2O was determined. The results show that Na2O with the amount less than 0.6% has little influence on the cordierite formation; while when its amount increasing from 0.6% to 0.7%, the content of cordierite decreases from 86% to 84% and the permitted amount for Na2O in the raw materials is less than 6% with the best amount less than 0.3%. X‘pert plus software analysis results show the impurity Na2O has no influence on the cordierite space group and only the lattice parameters vary slightly; but it has much influence on the structure of Mg-AI spinel and the lattice parameters are much changed.     

Influence of Fe_2O_3 Impurity on the Crystalline Structure of Cordierite Synthesized from Waste Aluminum Slag

1 INTRODUCTION Aluminum waste slag from aluminum factories isused as the main material to produce cordierite re-fractory material. The slag’s main composition is γ-AlOOH, which will convert into α-Al2O3 [1] at hightemperature, thus the product’s refractoriness can beimproved. Cordierite has good thermal stability andcan be widely served as high quality refractory ma-terial, electron encapsulating material, catalyst carrier,foamed ceramics, etc.[2]. Compared with th…     

Influence of TiO_2 Mineralizer on the Crystalline Structure of Cordierite Synthesized from Aluminum Slag

By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor-dierite, α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The experimental results show that the content of cordierite increases with the increase of TiO2 added. 3.0% of TiO2 is determined to be the best amount, because all crystalline substances are converted into cordierite at this content. Philips X‘pert plus software analysis shows that when the content of TiO2 is from 0 to 1.0%, cordierite has the same hexagonal structure as the single crystal and the lattice parameters change slightly; when the content of TiO2 is from 1.0 to 2.0%, the cordierite still keeps hexagonal structure but the lattice parameters change greatly; when the content of TiO2 is from 2.0 to 3.5%, the cordierite is converted from hexagonal into rhombic and the lattice parameters change accordingly.     

利用铝废渣制备片状堇青石的影响因素研究

以铝厂废渣、高岭土、滑石为主要原料,采用固相法合成片状堇青石。分析了原料种类、原料配方、烧结温度、保温时间和晶核剂对合成堇青石的影响,并通过XRD、SEM进行表征。结果表明,原料的纯度越高合成的堇青石纯度越高;富含镁的配方能完全形成堇青石相;最佳烧成温度为1 380℃,保温时间为4 h,此时得到的堇青石纯度最高,且呈现片状结构,颗粒大小均匀;堇青石熟料可以起到晶核剂的作用,促进堇青石的生成。     

Influence of Pore-expansion Agent on the Structure and Performance of Activated Alumina Synthesized from Waste Aluminum Sludge

1 INTRODUCTION The reactivity of activated alumina adsorbent is closely related to its specific surface area: the larger the specific surface area, the better its activity and adsorbent capability are. However, in reality, the prac- tically available specific surface area or effective spe- cific area has relationship with its pore structure[1]. Since many reactant molecules are difficult to enter the pores to react with whose radius is shorter than certain critical value, the increase of p…     

Influence of Fe203 Impurity on the Crystalline Structure of Cordierite Synthesized from Waste Aluminum Slag

The influence of Fe203 impurity on the crystalline structure of cordierite synthesized from waste aluminum slag is discussed. XRD and SEM techniques were employed to characterize the crystalline structure and microstructure of each specimen. Philips X‘pert plus software was used to determine the lattice parameters of each specimen. The results show that the Fe2O3 content of 0.8-1.6wt% is beneficial to the formation of cordierite, with the cordierite amount reaching 90wt%. So 0.8-1.6wt% is considered as the allowable Fe2O3 content in the specimens and 0.8wt% is determined to be the best after overall analysis. Plus software analysis shows that the cordierite in each specimen has the same symmetrical hexagonal structure as the single crystal, and the lattice parameters as well as the lattice dimensions change slightly.     

Studies on the Structure and Properties of Cordierite Synthesized by Talc-Magnesite

Homogeneous cordierite has been synthesized at low cost by talc-magnesite and coal gangue as the main raw materials. The mechanism of synthesizing cordierite under such a com- posing system of raw materials, and the effect of temperature on the crystal cell parameters and microstructure and thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite crystal have been studied via testing methods of XRD, SEM, etc. The result shows that the homogeneous cordierite can be synthesized by the systematic composing materials of “talc-magnesite—coal gangue—talc” with heat pre- servation at 1350 ℃ for 1 h; as the keeping time is prolonged, Al3+ and Mg2+ in cordierite crystal are replaced by a few impurity ions such as Fe3+, Fe2+, etc., and the crystal cell parameters of cordierite present an increase trend; as the high-temperature heat preservation is prolonged, the content of glassy phase in the sample is increased, its density is improved, and its thermal expansion coeffi- cient presents an increase trend.     

Influence of Fe2O3 and V2O5 on Crystalline Structure of Mg-Al Spinel Synthesized by Waste Aluminum Slag

Mg-Al spinel is synthesized by using industrial waste-residue and basic magnesium carbonate in the aluminum factory as the main raw materials. The influence of V2O5 and Fe2O3 mineralizers on the structure, cell parameters and microscopic morphology of synthesized Mg-Al spinel has been discussed. The Mg-Al spinel is characterized by using XRD, SEM and relevant analytical software, such as Philips plus, Rietveld quantification and so on. The experimental results show that certain amounts of V2O5 and Fe2O3 are beneficial to the formation of Mg-Al spinel, and the optimum addition of V2O5 and Fe2O3 is respectively 2wt% and 3wt%. V2O5 has few effects on cell parameters of Mg-Al spinel; but Fe2O3 can form solid solution with Mg-Al spinel in which Mg-Fe spinel can also dissolve to form continuous solid solution. Therefore, with the increase of Fe2O3 content, the cell parameters of Mg-Al approximately present linear increase.