ATRP法合成弹性蛋白接枝共聚物及其性能研究

弹性蛋白经α-溴异丁酰溴化制备了大分子ATRP引发剂溴化弹性蛋白(E-Br), 再以E-Br作为引发剂, 在CuCl/2,2-联吡啶催化体系下, 用原子转移自由基聚合方法合成了弹性蛋白-g-聚甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯接枝聚合物. 用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热重分析(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、离子色谱和动态接触角对接枝聚合物进行了表征. 结果表明, PHEMA键接到了弹性蛋白表面; SEM显示接枝改性后弹性蛋白的表面比未改性前光滑, 但改性后样品的热性能均比未改性样品的低, 起始热分解温度由改性前的307 ℃变为265 ℃; 动态接触角实验结果表明, 接枝改性后的样品具有良好的亲水性, 反应72 h后, 其前进角由接枝前的130.45°下降到29.80°.     

骨髓基质干细胞在等离子体处理PEGDA基凝胶表面的黏附和增殖

通过低温等离子体技术对聚乙二醇双丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)/甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)共聚物水凝胶生物材料进行表面改性,以骨髓基质干细胞(BMSc)为细胞模型,考察了细胞在等离子体表面改性前后的水凝胶材料的黏附和增值行为,材料的表面性能通过 X 射线光电子能谱、接触角和扫描电镜进行表征.研究结果表明,材料表面经氩等离...     

水溶性羟基丙烯酸酯树脂的合成

以氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,通过溶液聚合合成了水溶性丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯四元共聚物,其结构经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR和IR表征,热分析结果表明其分解温度为360 ℃～440 ℃.     

Cr(Ⅱ)与过氧化莰烷酮酰体系引发的活性自由基聚合反应研究

合成了过氧化茨烷酮酰 (KPO) ,用它和Cr(Ac) 2 组成的氧化还原体系经陈化后 ,引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯 ,甲基丙烯酸 β 羟乙酯和丙烯酸进行了聚合反应 .其中甲基丙烯酸甲酯具有活性聚合特征 .并有效引发含羟基单体如甲基丙烯酸 β羟乙酯和丙烯酸进行聚合 .实验表明 ,引发剂利用效率随陈化温度的升高而降低 .     

电火花引发HEMA 接枝LDPE 薄膜及其血液相容性

采用接枝量、ATR－IR、SEM、与水接触角、溶血试验和再钙化时间等测试手段研究了电火花引发甲基丙烯酸β－羟乙酯(HEMA)表面接枝低密度聚乙烯(LAPE)薄膜的接枝聚合反应影响因素、表面结构和血液相容性。结果表明,电火花能有效引发HEMA在LDMA薄膜表面接枝聚合反应,随接枝聚合反应时间延长、单体浓度的增大。接枝量增大。随反应温度升高,接枝量增大到一最大值后,进一步升高反应温度,接枝量下降,最佳接枝聚合温度为60℃当在60℃单体φ=5％水溶液是反应2h时,经空气气氛和1.5kV电火花预处理72s和LDPE薄膜表面接枝量可达169ug/cm^2。接枝改性后LDPE薄膜与水的接触下降,亲水性增加,溶血程度减小,再钙化时间延长,血液相容性得到改善。     

电火花引发HEMA 接枝LDPE 薄膜及其血液相容性

采用接枝量、ATR－IR、SEM、与水接触角、溶血试验和再钙化时间等测试手段研究了电火花引发甲基丙烯酸β－羟乙酯(HEMA)表面接枝低密度聚乙烯(LAPE)薄膜的接枝聚合反应影响因素、表面结构和血液相容性。结果表明,电火花能有效引发HEMA在LDMA薄膜表面接枝聚合反应,随接枝聚合反应时间延长、单体浓度的增大。接枝量增大。随反应温度升高,接枝量增大到一最大值后,进一步升高反应温度,接枝量下降,最佳接枝聚合温度为60℃当在60℃单体φ=5％水溶液是反应2h时,经空气气氛和1.5kV电火花预处理72s和LDPE薄膜表面接枝量可达169ug/cm^2。接枝改性后LDPE薄膜与水的接触下降,亲水性增加,溶血程度减小,再钙化时间延长,血液相容性得到改善。     

高亲水性聚四氟乙烯微粉的制备及其性能研究

通过预辐射接枝方法在聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微粉上成功接枝丙烯酸(AAc)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS),制备了高亲水性的PTFE微粉.采用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和接触角(CA)测试表征了改性PTFE微粉的化学结构和亲水性变化;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察改性PTFE微粉表面形貌;采用电泳法测试了改性PTFE微粉的zeta电位;通过热重分析(TGA)测试了辐射接枝对PTFE微粉热稳定性的影响.结果表明,改性PTFE微粉亲水性和分散稳定性随着接枝率的增加而增强;在单体浓度为20%,AAc与AMPS之比为2且反应温度为70℃时接枝率达到26.6%,此时改性样品PTFE-g-P(AAc-co-AMPS)在水溶液中的分散稳定性效果较好,并能够长期稳定存在.水接触角由改性前的148.8°下降到改性后的30.2°,对应的zeta电位从-4.3 m V降为-83.4 m V.     

原子转移自由基聚合法合成大豆分离蛋白-g-聚甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯

通过酰胺化反应在大豆分离蛋白(SPI)表面引入溴原子,合成了大分子引发剂SPI-Br,以CuCl和bpy为催化体系,通过原子转移自由基聚合法(ATRP)合成了大豆分离蛋白-g-聚甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯(SPI-g-PHEMA).用FTIR1、3C-NMR、GPC对大分子引发剂、接枝产物和接枝物降解链进行结构表征.结果表明,得到了表面接枝聚甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯长链的大豆分离蛋白接枝聚合物,用紫外分光光度计(UV)、荧光分光光度计z、eta电位和透射电镜(TEM)表征了接枝产物的溶液性质和微观形态.     

双硫腙改性的聚(二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)微球的制备及其对铜离子的吸附研究

用悬浮聚合法由二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDMA)和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)共聚制备得到聚(二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)(PHEMA)微球,考察了NaOH浓度、反应时间等对用双硫腙进行PHEMA改性反应的影响以及铜离子水溶液浓度(5～500mg/L)、pH(2.0～6.5)、吸附时间等对改性后的微球对铜离子吸附性能影响的因素.改性的PHEMA微球对铜离子的最大吸附量为65.6mg铜离子/g双硫腙;而且,吸附有铜离子的改性PHEMA微球用0.1mol/L的硝酸的解吸率可达到90%以上,经过3次吸附-解吸循环后,解吸率仍基本不变,这表明双硫腙改性的PHEMA微球可以多次反复使用,具有良好的应用前景.     

疏水改性凝胶的合成及其药物释放性能的研究

以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,通过化学引发聚合合成甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)/N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)二元共聚物和HEMA/NVP/甲基丙烯酸乙酯(或甲基丙烯酸丁酯)三元共聚物水凝胶,研究了凝胶在不同的酸度介质中对小分子药物阿司匹林的释放过程,结果表明,在模拟胃肠道条件下,随着疏水性单体的加入使凝胶的药物释放速率减缓,可实现药物的控制缓释作用。     

聚苯硫醚超疏水复合涂层的制备与性能

利用工业原料聚苯硫醚微粉和疏水性二氧化硅纳米粉末,采用喷涂法在瓷砖表面制备了疏水复合涂层.研究了热处理温度、组分配比对涂层表面形貌、粗糙度和接触角的影响,发现随着热处理温度升高,涂层表面粗糙度增大,随着疏水性二氧化硅含量的增加,由于表面聚集的疏水性二氧化硅增多,涂层疏水性增强,在热处理温度为280℃、疏水性二氧化硅与聚苯硫醚质量比为1∶1时,可获得超疏水涂层,涂层的接触角大于150°,滚落角小于4°,pH值为1～14的水溶液在其表面都具有很高的接触角.超疏水涂层具有良好的自清洁效果,并且经落沙法实验测定,超疏水涂层耐刮伤性能良好.     

聚磷酸铵-苯并噁嗪微胶囊的制备及其对环氧树脂燃烧性能影响

以多聚甲醛、丙烯胺、苯酚为原料,通过Mannich反应合成烯丙基型苯并噁嗪单体(Bala),并通过核磁共振氢谱(~1H-NMR)确定了其化学结构.将Bala在聚磷酸铵(APP)原位开环聚合后,制备APP微胶囊(BMAPP).傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)和静态接触角测试表明,Bala在APP表面成功聚合,并有效提高APP的疏水性,与纯APP相比,BMAPP的接触角从10.8°提高到了71.3°.将BMAPP添加到环氧树脂(EP)中,制备EP/BMAPP复合材料.通过热重分析仪(TGA)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)、极限氧指数(LOI)、锥型量热仪(CONE)和动态热机械分析仪(DMA)对EP和EP/BMAPP的热性能以及燃烧性能进行对比分析.结果显示,10%的BMAPP的成炭效果最佳,有良好的阻燃性能,可使EP的LOI值从22.6%提高到33.6%,并通过UL-94 V-0级,600°C下残炭率达26.3%.同时,BMAPP可大幅度降低EP燃烧过程中烟密度和热释放速率,提高EP的玻璃化转变温度(T_g).BMAPP/EP-10%中,PBala和APP协同后使EP热释放速率峰值(PHRR)由1247 kW·m~(-2)降低到434 kW·m~(-2),生烟速率(SPR)降低67%左右,T_g从169°C提高到了173°C.     

一种液晶环氧增韧环氧树脂的研究

环氧树脂具有优异的机械性能 ,耐高温以及良好的加工工艺性 .被广泛用于机械、航天、船舶等领域 .由于环氧树脂固化后断裂延伸率小 ,脆性大 ,使其应用受到了一定的限制 .为此 ,国内外学者对环氧树脂进行了大量的改性研究工作 .用含有“柔性链段”的固化剂固化环氧 ,在交联网络中引入柔性链段[1] ;在环氧基体中加入橡胶弹性体[2 ] 、热塑性树脂[3 ,4] 、液晶聚合物[5,6] 等分散相或用热固性树脂连续贯穿于环氧树脂网络中形成互穿、半互穿网络结构[7] ,以改善环氧树脂的韧性 .本文采用液晶环氧化合物原位复合增韧环氧树脂 ,考察了液晶环氧对环…     

Fabrication of AgNPs/Silane coated mechanical and washing durable hydrophobic cotton textile for self-cleaning and oil-water separation application

This study deals to develop a simple and facile two-step dip-coating method using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and fluorine-free silane monomer, 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) for the fabrication of hydrophobic coating on cotton fabric. The anti-wetting properties, surface morphology, chemical composition, and functionality of the cotton fabric before and after modification were well characterized by contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX) and FT-IR respectively. The fabricated cotton fabric displays strong durability against different pH solutions, different soft/hard mechanical treatments including adhesive peeling test, abrasion with tissue paper and finger wiping, home laundering, without losing the hydrophobic property. The contact angle values (water contact angle of 148.3 ?± ?2° and oil contact angle of 0°) imply that the modified cotton has considerable hydrophobic/oleophilic properties. Additionally, the modified hydrophobic/oleophilic cotton fabric exhibits self-cleaning and oil-water separation behavior for both industrial and household importance.     

Organic‐montmorillonite modified shape memory epoxy composite

A series of organic‐montmorillonite (OMMT) modified shape memory epoxy (SMEP) composites were prepared for the purpose of application on space deployable structures. Tensile test, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fold‐deploy shape memory test methods were used to characterize the mechanical, structure, and shape memory properties of these materials. The results showed addition of OMMT could improve the composites' toughness, tensile strength, transition temperature, and shape recovery speed, while shape recovery ratio was unaffected. Composite with 3wt%. OMMT had the optimum combination property. It could fully recover its original shape in about 2 min at 185°C under the maximum bending angle of 180°. Its elongation at break and tensile strength were increased by 835 and 17.4%, respectively, compared to that of neat SMEP. The transition temperature also slightly increased. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

表面接枝含氟苯乙烯共聚物的聚酯薄膜制备与表征

利用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜表面接枝苯乙烯和4-氟苯乙烯的共聚物.研究不同反应时间和不同配比下接枝共聚物对聚酯薄膜表面组成、结构和性能的影响.通过傅利叶变换红外光谱仪(ATR/FTIR),X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS),凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对接枝改性前后PET薄膜的表面组成,结构和形貌进行分析;利用接触角测试和表面能计算对比研究接枝改性前后PET薄膜的表面性能.结果表明反应时间和单体百分含量对接枝百分率及接触角有一定的影响,随着反应时间的增长,聚酯薄膜表面接枝百分率增大,接触角增加,表面自由能下降.     

Facile preparation and properties of superhydrophobic nanocellulose membrane

Superhydrophobic nanocellulose membrane was prepared by synergistically modifying biodegradable nanocellulose with low-carbon perfluoroorganosiloxane and ethyl orthosilicate. The effects of four kinds of low-carbon perfluoroorganosiloxanes with different structures and their ratio to ethyl orthosilicate on the hydrophobic properties of nanocellulose membrane were investigated, and then FT-IR, XPS, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM, TG and contact angle goniometer were used to characterize the structure and hydrophobic properties of nanocellulose membrane before and after modification. It is found that when the molar ratio of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane (PFOTMS) to ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is 1, the modified nanocellulose membrane PFOTMS-TEOS-CNF is loaded with silica nanoparticles both inside and on its surface, and a micro-nano hierarchical rough morphology with low surface energy is constructed. At this point, the root-mean-square roughness (Rq) of nanocellulose membrane is 112 nm, and the static contact angle of water droplet is 153.5°, successfully realizing superhydrophobicity. In addition, compared to unmodified nanocellulose membrane, PFOTMS-TEOS-CNF with better thermal stability includes an additional maximum weight loss rate temperature (491.2 °C). The above advantages markedly improve the shortcomings of pristine nanocellulose, such as superhydrophilicity and insufficient thermal stability, and also broadens its high-value application in many fields.     

Fabrication and Electrowetting Properties of Poly Si Nanostructure Based Superhydrophobic Platform

Poly-silicon based superhydrophobic surface (water contact angle >150°) is being fabricated and its electrowetting properties have been studied. The polysilicon thin film has been deposited over patterned gold electrodes. The polysilicon film is structured to form nanoscale features using Reactive Ion Etching. A thin film of HfO₂ high k-dielectric is deposited over the structured polysilicon surface. The surface was chemically modified with Trichloro (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl) silane (PFOS). Such a surface showed Superhydrophobic behavior with water contact angle of 172° and roll off angle <3°. The electrowetting properties of the fabricated device was studied by applying a DC voltage between the gold electrode and the droplet. The electrowetting commences when the applied voltage was 18 V and the contact angle is reduced to 152°. As the applied voltage was increased there was decrease in contact angles.     

Optically transparent superhydrophobic TEOS-derived silica films by surface silylation method

Optically transparent silica films were prepared at room temperature (~27°C) by keeping the molar ratio of TEOS:MeOH:H₂O (0.001 M NH₄F) constant at 1:19.29:6.20, respectively. A surface chemical modification of the films was done with alkylchlorosilanes at different concentrations from 0 to 1 vol. % and aging times varied from half to 2 h. The DMCS and TMCS surface modified silica films showed the static water contact angle of 146° and 162°, respectively. When the DMCS and TMCS modified films were cured at temperatures higher than 240 and 275°C, respectively, the films became superhydrophilic. Further, the humidity study was carried out at a relative humidity of 90% at 30°C temperature over 60 days. We characterized the water repellent silica films by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, % of optical transmission, humidity tests and contact angle measurements.