毛细管气相色谱法测定腈纶布料中苯、甲苯和二甲基甲酰胺残留

 建立了同时定量测定腈纶布料及其服装中的苯、甲苯和二甲基甲酰胺残留的毛细管气相色谱分析方法。测得的回收率分别为 93 .3 % ,1 0 1 .8% ,94.9% ;变异系数为 3 .4% ,2 .0 % ,2 .8%。方法简便、快速、准确。     

差示火焰光度法测定硼酸盐中钾和钠

研究了火焰光度法测定硼酸盐中钾和钠含量的方法.分别在0～100 mg·L-1和0～200 mg·L-1的浓度范围内,采用差示测量法测定样品中钾和钠含量.考察了硼对钾、钠测定的影响以及钾、钠的相互影响.与四苯硼钠重量法(国家标准)相比,方法测定钾含量相对误差的绝对值≤3.91%,t检验和F检验也表明两种方法无显著性差异.与原子吸收光谱法相比,方法测定钾相对误差的绝对值≤3.63%.测定钠含量相对误差的绝对值≤3.76%,t检验和F检验表明两种方法无显著性差异.钾、钠的加标回收试验结果分别在97.5%～102.5%和97.1%～99.1%之间.     

微波消解ICP-AES测定废弃线路板中的Cu、Cr、Pb等8种元素

采用微波消解技术对废弃线路板进行消解,应用全谱直谱ICP-AES同时测定Cu、Cr、Pb、Mn、Cd、Ni、Sn和Zn的含量.研究了消解体系和谱线选择对测定结果的影响,测定了分析结果的精密度和方法的检出限和回收率.结果表明:样品分析结果的相对标准偏差小于0.5%,方法检测限范围为0.5885～5.641 μg/L,方法的加标回收率和精密度分别为95.0%～103.3%和0.1%～0.5%.该方法能够同时测定多种元素.     

应用ICP-MS法测定玩具中可溶性重金属元素

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定了玩具中8种重金属Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cr、Se、Sb、Ba的可溶性含量,方法简便、快捷.方法的检出限为0.28～5.2 μg/L,方法的精密度和回收率分别为92.5%～106%和5.1%～9.4%,达到了玩具中可溶性重金属含量的分析要求.应用该方法测定了金属、塑料、木质和毛绒玩具中的可溶性重金属含量,取得了良好的效果.     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定虾中砷和汞

建立了氢化物原子荧光法同时测定虾中砷和汞的方法.研究了样品前处理及实验条件对测定砷、汞的原子荧光强度的影响,并探讨了共存离子对测定砷、汞的干扰和消除的方法.本方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点,砷和汞的检出限分别为0.026 μg/L和0.020 μg/L;相对标准偏差分别为1.7%～9.4%和1.2%～9.4%;回收率为98%～106%.     

红枣中果糖、葡萄糖与蔗糖的高效液相色谱示差检测分析

建立了同时分析鲜红枣中果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的高效液相色谱方法.利用鲜红枣样品进行添加回收实验,获得方法对果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖测定的平均回收率分别为93.5%、91.8%和89.8%,变异系数3.27%、2.34%、5.86%.结果表明:采用高效液相色谱示差分析方法定量检测鲜红枣中果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖快速、简便.同时得出方法的检出限为:果糖5.73×10-3mg/mL,葡萄糖5.22×10-3mg/mL,蔗糖3.59×10-3mg/mL,测定结果符合食品检测要求.     

多环芳烃混合物的快速同步荧光光谱分析

建立了胶束溶液中多环芳烃混合物同时测定的同步荧光分析法.该法简便快速,无需对混合物进行分离,可实现11种组分的同时鉴别和定量测定.方法的检出限在0.013～3.2 ng·mL-1之间,相对标准偏差为1.05%～1.45%.此方法应用于分析河水、池塘水、污水中多环芳烃均取得了良好的效果,回收率分别为80.4%～115%、83.4%～101%和80.5%～95.9%.     

HPCE法同时测定蒲公英中的四种组分

建立了高效毛细管电泳(HPCE)同时测定蒲公英中黄酮类化合物、咖啡酸和绿原酸的方法.在优化条件下,4种组分在10min内得到良好分离.绿原酸,异槲皮甙,槲皮素,咖啡酸的线性浓度范围分别为0.003～0.2,0.003～0.2,0.001～0.1,0.001～0.1mg/mL,线性相关系数分别为0.9999、0.9999、0.9998和0.9994.4种组分基于迁移时间和峰高的相对标准偏差分别为0.19%、0.34%、0.20%、0.23%和1.8%、2.6%、2.8%、2.7%.检出限分别为0.56、0.56、0.20和0.21μg/mL.方法可用于中国传统医学中的药物分析.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定化妆品中痕量砷和铅

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定化妆品中痕量As、Pb的方法,研究了样品前处理及实验条件对As、Pb测定的影响.本方法可同时用于固态、液态等各类样品处理的优点.测量As、Pb的线性范围分别为0～100 μg/L和0～120 μg/L,方法的检出限分别为0.94和1.22 μg/L,回收率分别为91.67%～102.67%和91.60%～98.80%,相对标准偏差(n=3)分别在1.7%～7.3%和2.2%～6.8%范围内.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中孔雀石绿前处理方法的改进

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定水产品中孔雀石绿的残留量,以GB/T 19857-2005检测方法为基础,将前处理步骤进行优化.称取5 g样品,加入质量浓度为100μg/L的内标标准溶液100μL,混匀,加入20 m L乙腈、5 g酸性氧化铝,震荡、离心,取4 m L溶液氮气吹干,用流动相定容至1 m L,过0.22μm滤膜,上机测试.按照标准方法测定标准曲线相关系数r:孔雀石绿为0.999,隐色孔雀石绿为0.999.孔雀石绿的回收率分别为71.7%、95.2%和89.9%,精密度分别为4.47%、4.26%和8.57%.隐色孔雀石绿的回收率分别为93.3%、98.8%和89.7%,精密度分别为8.73%、6.87%和9.71%.试验结果满足相关标准和体系文件的要求.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.